WO2002013532A1 - Digital television broadcasting system - Google Patents

Digital television broadcasting system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002013532A1
WO2002013532A1 PCT/IB2001/001375 IB0101375W WO0213532A1 WO 2002013532 A1 WO2002013532 A1 WO 2002013532A1 IB 0101375 W IB0101375 W IB 0101375W WO 0213532 A1 WO0213532 A1 WO 0213532A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
identifier
management unit
equipment controller
television broadcasting
digital television
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2001/001375
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Guy Moreillon
Eric Chaubert
Original Assignee
Nagravision Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nagravision Sa filed Critical Nagravision Sa
Priority to AU2001272707A priority Critical patent/AU2001272707A1/en
Publication of WO2002013532A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002013532A1/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/236Assembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. transport stream, by combining a video stream with other content or additional data, e.g. inserting a URL [Uniform Resource Locator] into a video stream, multiplexing software data into a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Insertion of stuffing bits into the multiplex stream, e.g. to obtain a constant bit-rate; Assembling of a packetised elementary stream
    • H04N21/2362Generation or processing of Service Information [SI]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/235Processing of additional data, e.g. scrambling of additional data or processing content descriptors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/435Processing of additional data, e.g. decrypting of additional data, reconstructing software from modules extracted from the transport stream
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/16Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/173Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
    • H04N7/17309Transmission or handling of upstream communications
    • H04N7/17327Transmission or handling of upstream communications with deferred transmission or handling of upstream communications
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/16Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/173Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
    • H04N7/17345Control of the passage of the selected programme
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/24Systems for the transmission of television signals using pulse code modulation
    • H04N7/52Systems for transmission of a pulse code modulated video signal with one or more other pulse code modulated signals, e.g. an audio signal or a synchronizing signal

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the field of pay television, in particular the management of a broadcasting installation.
  • decoders receiving the incoming signals over the air or from a video server, multiplexers making it possible to select and route the data to the desired location, an encryption module in charge of encrypting the data in the direction subscribers and a conditional access management module that manages the allocation of encryption keys.
  • the signal leaving such a set is a signal in which all the data from the different sources are multiplexed.
  • the signal is therefore a serial data stream composed of a large number of segments. Each segment relates to a set of data from one of the sources.
  • the role of the equipment controller is to allow the routing of all these sources to the party responsible for broadcasting by identifying each segment of the signal thus composed. Because the broadcast signal is a multiplexing of many sources, it is imperative that each segment has an identifier. It is up to the reception to recompose the desired channel by the association of all the segments with the same identifier.
  • the signal thus composed contains no information as to the content of each channel.
  • the association between the identifier (pid) of the segment and the actual content of the channel is the responsibility of the information management unit (IMS).
  • IMS information management unit
  • One of the functions of this unit is to compose the data file describing the audio / video data flow. This file is necessary to identify the nature and purpose of the data, whether according to the DVB or MPEG standard. Thus, this file will contain the information associating for example the identifier 23 with the video channel ABC News and the identifier 38 as the audio channel of this channel.
  • the object of the present invention is to facilitate the maintenance of such a system while providing great flexibility of maneuver.
  • a digital television broadcasting system comprising at least one equipment controller and an information management unit, said controller determining the composition of a stream of multiplexed data, each segment of which is identified by an identifier (pid), the information management unit comprising means for associating each identifier with a channel descriptor.
  • This system has the characteristic of comprising a link between the equipment controller and the management unit, this link making it possible to transfer the information of the configuration of the allocation of the identifiers.
  • a pay television broadcasting installation feeds on several sources, namely satellite reception channels 11 and 12, cable reception channels 13 and video servers S1 and S2 connecting to interfaces 14 and 15.
  • each interface is physically mounted in cabinets in a modular way and by their location, respond to a physical address.
  • Other parameters related to the type of connection are also programmed in the interface.
  • each interface is considered to be a resource with a logical address. The latter is used by all other resources to access the resource for this channel.
  • the data stream once formatted by the interface modules, is sent to the MUX multiplexer.
  • This module is responsible for the parallel / serial conversion and cuts the incoming flows into segments by organizing them one after the other. In order not to lose the information in the serial flow, each data segment is preceded by an identifier (pid).
  • the data is then transmitted, depending on the configuration, to the module in charge of ENC data encryption.
  • This module receives the encryption conditions from the CAS conditional access system, the latter defining the rights according to the type of subscription provided.
  • a package using several video resources from different interfaces can contain channels or services responding to separate or modular subscriptions. Depending on the tariff structure chosen, each service will be encrypted according to a specific subscription key.
  • a bouquet is generally composed of a core of generalist channels and the subscriber can add certain thematic channels (sport, cartoons, programs for adults) to it.
  • control channel is made up, making it possible to identify the content of the bouquet. All this information is defined in the IMS information management system in which the bouquet is composed.
  • the operator has a graphical interface to view all of the operations.
  • the IMS information management system comprises means for extracting the configuration data from the equipment controller, and means for integrating them in visual form with the data making it possible to compose a bouquet.
  • any configuration modification made on one of the pieces of equipment of the installation is reported in visual form in the IMS.
  • the descriptive flow formed at the level of the information management system IMS is then integrated into the flow as a resource and illustrated by the input 10 of the multiplexer MUX.
  • the former are resolutely focused on hardware performance, such as speed, noise level, modularity, while the IMS information management system is mainly a user-oriented software product.
  • the present invention makes the bridge between these two technologies whose actors follow very different goals.
  • the equipment controller CE comprises not only an information channel but also a return channel by which it can receive commands.
  • the future generation of controllers can be partially configured using IMS.
  • the equipment controller will add a new identifier, for example 33, to the segment of this resource and add it to the global flow.
  • a new identifier for example 33
  • the equipment controller communicates, thanks to the link channel, the existence of this new resource and the management system will only have to introduce the description of this resource so that it can be used .

Abstract

The invention concerns a digital television broadcasting installation comprising at least an equipment controller determining the composition of a flow of multiplexed data whereof each segment is identified by an identifier (pid), and an information management entity comprising means for associating each identifier with a channel descriptor. The inventive system is characterised in that it comprises a link between the equipment controller and the management unit, said link enabling to transfer data of the allocation of identifiers.

Description

SYSTEME DE DIFFUSION DE TELEVISION NUMERIQUE DIGITAL TELEVISION BROADCASTING SYSTEM
Cette invention concerne le domaine de la télévision à péage, en particulier la gestion d'une installation de diffusion.This invention relates to the field of pay television, in particular the management of a broadcasting installation.
Dans une telle installation, se trouvent les éléments nécessaires pour la composition du signal qui sera diffusé de différentes manières, par câble, par satellite ou autres.In such an installation, there are the elements necessary for the composition of the signal which will be diffused in different ways, by cable, satellite or others.
Ces éléments sont par exemple des décodeurs, recevant les signaux entrant par voie hertzienne ou depuis un serveur vidéo, des multiplexeurs permettant de sélectionner et d'acheminer les données à l'endroit souhaité, un module de cryptage en charge de crypter les données en direction des abonnés et un module de gestion d'accès conditionnel qui gère l'attribution des clés de cryptage.These elements are for example decoders, receiving the incoming signals over the air or from a video server, multiplexers making it possible to select and route the data to the desired location, an encryption module in charge of encrypting the data in the direction subscribers and a conditional access management module that manages the allocation of encryption keys.
Tous ces éléments sont pilotés par un contrôleur d'équipement qui connaît les fonctionnalités de chacun tel que les adresses physiques de chacune des ressources. Le signal sortant d'un tel ensemble est un signal dans lequel toutes les données des différentes sources sont multiplexées. Le signal est dès lors un flux de données série composé d'un grand nombre de segments. Chaque segment se rapporte à un ensemble de données provenant d'une des sources.All these elements are controlled by an equipment controller who knows the functionality of each such as the physical addresses of each of the resources. The signal leaving such a set is a signal in which all the data from the different sources are multiplexed. The signal is therefore a serial data stream composed of a large number of segments. Each segment relates to a set of data from one of the sources.
Le rôle du contrôleur d'équipement est de permettre l'acheminement de toutes ces sources vers la partie responsable de la diffusion en identifiant chaque segment du signal ainsi composé. Du fait que le signal diffusé est un multiplexage de nombreuses sources, il est impératif que chaque segment comporte un identificateur. A charge à la réception de recomposer le canal souhaité par l'association de tous les segments comportant le même identificateur.The role of the equipment controller is to allow the routing of all these sources to the party responsible for broadcasting by identifying each segment of the signal thus composed. Because the broadcast signal is a multiplexing of many sources, it is imperative that each segment has an identifier. It is up to the reception to recompose the desired channel by the association of all the segments with the same identifier.
A ce stade, le signal ainsi composé ne contient aucun renseignement quant au contenu de chaque canal. L'association entre l'identificateur (pid) du segment et le contenu réel du canal est à la charge de l'unité de gestion de l'information (IMS). Une des fonctions de cette unité est de composer le fichier de données décrivant le flux des données audio/vidéo. Ce fichier est nécessaire afin d'identifier la nature et l'objet des données que ce soit selon le standard DVB ou MPEG. Ainsi, ce fichier contiendra l'information associant par exemple l'identificateur 23 avec la chaîne vidéo ABC News et l'identificateur 38 comme le canal audio de cette chaîne.At this stage, the signal thus composed contains no information as to the content of each channel. The association between the identifier (pid) of the segment and the actual content of the channel is the responsibility of the information management unit (IMS). One of the functions of this unit is to compose the data file describing the audio / video data flow. This file is necessary to identify the nature and purpose of the data, whether according to the DVB or MPEG standard. Thus, this file will contain the information associating for example the identifier 23 with the video channel ABC News and the identifier 38 as the audio channel of this channel.
Ce type d'information n'est pas dans le contrôleur d'équipement, du fait que, à son niveau, il ne s'agit que de flux de données à acheminer d'un point A à un point B. En charge à l'IMS de mettre un nom sur chaque segment et de composer le fichier de description accompagnant les données.This type of information is not in the equipment controller, since, at its level, it is only a matter of data flows to be conveyed from point A to point B. '' IMS to put a name on each segment and compose the description file accompanying the data.
Ainsi, lorsque des modifications sont apportées au niveau de l'IMS, les modifications se rapportant au contrôleur d'équipement doivent être introduites séparément afin que les modifications soient effectives.Thus, when changes are made to the IMS, the changes relating to the equipment controller must be introduced separately for the changes to take effect.
D'autre part, si les informations ont été introduites d'une manière erronée, aucune vérification n'est faite autre que la constatation du mauvais fonctionnement du système.On the other hand, if the information has been entered incorrectly, no verification is made other than the observation of the malfunction of the system.
Cette structure est illustrée dans le document WO 00/16560 qui décrit un tel gestionnaire d'équipement. La solution décrite est principalement destinée à la télévision en clair et ne contient pas de données de description du flux. Le bloc "Control System" de la figure 1 correspond au contrôleur d'équipement tel que décrit plus haut.This structure is illustrated in document WO 00/16560 which describes such an equipment manager. The solution described is mainly intended for free-to-air television and does not contain data describing the stream. The "Control System" block of FIG. 1 corresponds to the equipment controller as described above.
Le but de la présente invention est de faciliter la maintenance d'un tel système tout en apportant une grande souplesse de manœuvre.The object of the present invention is to facilitate the maintenance of such a system while providing great flexibility of maneuver.
Ce but est atteint par un système de diffusion de télévision numérique comprenant au moins un contrôleur d'équipement et une unité de gestion de l'information, ledit contrôleur déterminant la composition d'un flux de données multiplexées dont chaque segment est identifié par un identificateur (pid), l'unité de gestion de l'information comprenant des moyens pour associer chaque identificateur à un descripteur de canal. Ce système comporte la caractéristique de comprendre une liaison entre le contrôleur d'équipement et l'unité de gestion, cette liaison permettant de transférer les informations de la configuration de l'attribution des identificateurs.This object is achieved by a digital television broadcasting system comprising at least one equipment controller and an information management unit, said controller determining the composition of a stream of multiplexed data, each segment of which is identified by an identifier (pid), the information management unit comprising means for associating each identifier with a channel descriptor. This system has the characteristic of comprising a link between the equipment controller and the management unit, this link making it possible to transfer the information of the configuration of the allocation of the identifiers.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lumière des explications détaillées, basées sur la figure unique annexée.The invention will be better understood in the light of the detailed explanations, based on the attached single figure.
Une installation de diffusion de télévision à péage s'alimente à plusieurs sources, soit des canaux de réception par satellite 11 et 12, des canaux de réception par câble 13 et des serveurs vidéos S1 et S2 se connectant sur les interfaces 14 et 15.A pay television broadcasting installation feeds on several sources, namely satellite reception channels 11 and 12, cable reception channels 13 and video servers S1 and S2 connecting to interfaces 14 and 15.
Le rôle de ces interfaces est de recevoir le signal dans la forme convenue par la source (analogique, numérique) et selon le protocole choisi (par ex. MPEG). Ces interfaces permettent également de piloter la source choisie, par exemple par l'orientation de l'antenne satellite ou la sélection de la bande vidéo sur le serveur.The role of these interfaces is to receive the signal in the form agreed by the source (analog, digital) and according to the chosen protocol (eg MPEG). These interfaces also make it possible to control the chosen source, for example by orienting the satellite antenna or selecting the video tape on the server.
Ces interfaces sont physiquement montées dans des armoires d'une façon modulaire et de par leur emplacement, répondent à une adresse physique. D'autres paramètres en relation avec le type de liaison sont également programmés dans l'interface. Parallèlement aux paramètres physiques, chaque interface est considérée comme une ressource avec une adresse logique. Cette dernière est utilisée par toutes les autres ressources pour accéder à la ressource de ce canal.These interfaces are physically mounted in cabinets in a modular way and by their location, respond to a physical address. Other parameters related to the type of connection are also programmed in the interface. In addition to the physical parameters, each interface is considered to be a resource with a logical address. The latter is used by all other resources to access the resource for this channel.
Le flux de données, une fois formaté par les modules d'interfaces, est envoyé au multiplexeur MUX. Ce module est chargé de la conversion parallèle/série et découpe les flux entrants en segment en les organisant les uns après les autres. Afin de ne pas perdre les informations dans le flux série, chaque segment de données est précédé par un identificateur (pid).The data stream, once formatted by the interface modules, is sent to the MUX multiplexer. This module is responsible for the parallel / serial conversion and cuts the incoming flows into segments by organizing them one after the other. In order not to lose the information in the serial flow, each data segment is preceded by an identifier (pid).
Les données sont ensuite transmises, selon la configuration, au module en charge de l'encryptage ENC des données. Ce module reçoit les conditions d'encryptage de la part du système d'accès conditionnel CAS, ce dernier définissant les droits en fonctions du type d'abonnement prévu.The data is then transmitted, depending on the configuration, to the module in charge of ENC data encryption. This module receives the encryption conditions from the CAS conditional access system, the latter defining the rights according to the type of subscription provided.
En effet, un bouquet utilisant plusieurs ressources vidéo provenant des différentes interfaces, peut contenir des chaînes ou services répondant à des abonnements distincts ou modulaires. Selon la structure tarifaire choisie, chaque service sera encrypte selon une clé d'abonnement particulière. Un bouquet est composé en général d'un noyau de chaînes généralistes et l'abonné peut y ajouter certaines chaînes thématiques (sport, dessins animé, programmes pour adultes).Indeed, a package using several video resources from different interfaces, can contain channels or services responding to separate or modular subscriptions. Depending on the tariff structure chosen, each service will be encrypted according to a specific subscription key. A bouquet is generally composed of a core of generalist channels and the subscriber can add certain thematic channels (sport, cartoons, programs for adults) to it.
C'est à ce niveau qu'est composé le canal de contrôle, permettant d'identifier le contenu du bouquet. Toutes ces informations sont définies dans le système de gestion de l'information IMS dans lequel le bouquet est composé. L'opérateur dispose d'une interface graphique pour visualiser l'ensemble des opérations.It is at this level that the control channel is made up, making it possible to identify the content of the bouquet. All this information is defined in the IMS information management system in which the bouquet is composed. The operator has a graphical interface to view all of the operations.
Selon l'invention, le système de gestion de l'information IMS comprend des moyens pour extraire les données de configuration du contrôleur d'équipement, et des moyens pour les intégrer sous forme visuelle avec les données permettant de composer un bouquet. Ainsi, grâce au système de l'invention, toute modification de configuration apportée sur un des équipements de l'installation est reportée sous forme visuelle dans l'IMS.According to the invention, the IMS information management system comprises means for extracting the configuration data from the equipment controller, and means for integrating them in visual form with the data making it possible to compose a bouquet. Thus, thanks to the system of the invention, any configuration modification made on one of the pieces of equipment of the installation is reported in visual form in the IMS.
Le flux descriptif formé au niveau du système de gestion de l'information IMS est ensuite intégré au flux comme une ressource et illustré par l'entrée 10 du multiplexeur MUX. Pour comprendre l'invention, il faut savoir qu'historiquement les technologies utilisées pour les équipements et le contrôleur d'équipement sont très différentes de celles utilisées pour le système de gestion. Les premières sont résolument axées sur les performances matérielles, tels que vitesse, niveau de bruit, modularité, alors que le système de gestion de l'information IMS est un produit majoritairement logiciel orienté sur l'utilisateur.The descriptive flow formed at the level of the information management system IMS is then integrated into the flow as a resource and illustrated by the input 10 of the multiplexer MUX. To understand the invention, it should be known that historically the technologies used for the equipment and the equipment controller are very different from those used for the management system. The former are resolutely focused on hardware performance, such as speed, noise level, modularity, while the IMS information management system is mainly a user-oriented software product.
La présente invention fait le pont entre ces deux technologies dont les acteurs suivent des buts très différents.The present invention makes the bridge between these two technologies whose actors follow very different goals.
Selon une variante de l'invention, le contrôleur d'équipement CE comprend non seulement un canal d'information mais également un canal de retour par lequel il peut recevoir des commandes. La génération future des contrôleurs pourra être partiellement configurée grâce à l'IMS.According to a variant of the invention, the equipment controller CE comprises not only an information channel but also a return channel by which it can receive commands. The future generation of controllers can be partially configured using IMS.
Pour bien comprendre l'invention, prenons pour exemple la fourniture d'une nouvelle ressource audio tel qu'une deuxième langue sur un programme existant. Le contrôleur d'équipement va ajouter au segment de cette ressource un nouvel identificateur, par exemple 33, et l'adjoindre dans le flux global. Néanmoins, tant que le système de gestion ne l'a pas répertorié dans le canal de contrôle, le décodeur du côté réception ne pourra pas faire le lien avec le canal vidéo auquel il devrait être associé.To fully understand the invention, take for example the provision of a new audio resource such as a second language on an existing program. The equipment controller will add a new identifier, for example 33, to the segment of this resource and add it to the global flow. However, until the management system has listed it in the control channel, the decoder on the reception side will not be able to make the link with the video channel with which it should be associated.
Selon l'invention, le contrôleur d'équipement communique, grâce au canal de liaison, l'existence de cette nouvelle ressource et le système de gestion n'aura plus qu'à introduire le descriptif de cette ressource pour qu'elle puisse être utilisée. According to the invention, the equipment controller communicates, thanks to the link channel, the existence of this new resource and the management system will only have to introduce the description of this resource so that it can be used .

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Système de diffusion de télévision numérique comprenant au moins un contrôleur d'équipement et une unité de gestion de l'information, le contrôleur déterminant la composition d'un flux de données multiplexées dont chaque segment est identifié par un identificateur (pid), l'unité de gestion de l'information comprend des moyens pour associer chaque identificateur à un descripteur de service, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une liaison entre le contrôleur d'équipement et l'unité de gestion, cette liaison permettant de transférer les informations de la configuration concernant l'attribution aux différentes ressources à chaque identificateur, l'unité de gestion de l'information composant un flux de données descriptif associant les identificateurs de segments (pid) avec un descriptif en clair, ce flux étant intégré dans le flux de données multiplexées.1. Digital television broadcasting system comprising at least one equipment controller and an information management unit, the controller determining the composition of a multiplexed data stream, each segment of which is identified by an identifier (pid), the information management unit comprises means for associating each identifier with a service descriptor, characterized in that it comprises a link between the equipment controller and the management unit, this link making it possible to transfer the configuration information concerning the allocation to the different resources of each identifier, the information management unit composing a descriptive data flow associating the segment identifiers (pid) with a clear description, this flow being integrated in the multiplexed data stream.
2. Système de diffusion de télévision numérique caractérisé en ce que le contrôleur d'équipement comprend un canal de retour par lequel l'unité de gestion envoie des informations de configuration. 2. Digital television broadcasting system characterized in that the equipment controller comprises a return channel by which the management unit sends configuration information.
PCT/IB2001/001375 2000-08-03 2001-08-02 Digital television broadcasting system WO2002013532A1 (en)

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AU2001272707A AU2001272707A1 (en) 2000-08-03 2001-08-02 Digital television broadcasting system

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CH15232000 2000-08-03

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Citations (4)

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EP0856994A2 (en) * 1992-12-09 1998-08-05 Discovery Communications, Inc. Digital cable headend for cable television delivery system
US5920572A (en) * 1995-06-30 1999-07-06 Divicom Inc. Transport stream decoder/demultiplexer for hierarchically organized audio-video streams
WO2000016560A1 (en) * 1998-09-11 2000-03-23 Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. Adaptive rate control for insertion of data packets into a bitstream

Patent Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5400401A (en) * 1992-10-30 1995-03-21 Scientific Atlanta, Inc. System and method for transmitting a plurality of digital services
EP0856994A2 (en) * 1992-12-09 1998-08-05 Discovery Communications, Inc. Digital cable headend for cable television delivery system
US5920572A (en) * 1995-06-30 1999-07-06 Divicom Inc. Transport stream decoder/demultiplexer for hierarchically organized audio-video streams
WO2000016560A1 (en) * 1998-09-11 2000-03-23 Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. Adaptive rate control for insertion of data packets into a bitstream

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BUNGUM O W: "TRANSMULTIPLEXING, TRANSCONTROL AND TRANSSCRAMBLING OF MPEG-2/DVB SIGNAL", INTERNATIONAL BROADCASTING CONVENTION, 12 September 1996 (1996-09-12), XP002040478 *

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