WO1998000948A1 - Public network merchandising system - Google Patents
Public network merchandising system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998000948A1 WO1998000948A1 PCT/US1997/011649 US9711649W WO9800948A1 WO 1998000948 A1 WO1998000948 A1 WO 1998000948A1 US 9711649 W US9711649 W US 9711649W WO 9800948 A1 WO9800948 A1 WO 9800948A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- merchant
- customer
- information
- merchandising
- master key
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/02—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols involving a neutral party, e.g. certification authority, notary or trusted third party [TTP]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/04—Payment circuits
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
- G06Q20/085—Payment architectures involving remote charge determination or related payment systems
- G06Q20/0855—Payment architectures involving remote charge determination or related payment systems involving a third party
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
- G06Q20/12—Payment architectures specially adapted for electronic shopping systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q30/00—Commerce
- G06Q30/06—Buying, selling or leasing transactions
- G06Q30/0601—Electronic shopping [e-shopping]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to digital commerce and, more particularly, to digital commerce conducted over a public network.
- the Internet is expected to become the world's new market place. The number of people who have access to the Internet is growing rapidly. Merchants are increasingly interested in selling products and services over the Internet, particularly via the World Wide Web.
- Another problem with commerce over the Internet is that the customer generally must type in and transmit a plethora of information, including confidential financial information, each time the customer wishes to purchase something from a merchant.
- the type and form of such information varies from merchant to merchant, and each merchant typically has a customized electronic order form. This is a hassle for the customer. It also requires confidential information to be placed at risk each time such information is transmitted to a new merchant.
- the present invention provides for an improved merchandising system.
- a merchandising system according to the present invention is particularly useful in connection with commerce conducted over a large public network, such as the Internet.
- Each transaction involves a merchant, a customer and a financial institution, such as a bank or other money processor.
- a financial institution such as a bank or other money processor.
- Each merchant, customer and financial institution that may participate in transactions has its own encryption key, which is kept confidential.
- a copy of each such key also exists in a central, secure database system.
- Each customer preferably is given a free "Internet Consumer kit,” available at each participating merchant, which includes software for conducting transactions with merchants.
- Each merchant uses an integrated communications software package that includes a database, a customer interface, a financial institution interface, and a virtual HTML store generator.
- the customer selects products to purchase by accessing a merchant's Web site and clicking on one or more "links” that puts the products in a "virtual shopping cart.”
- the customer clicks a "checkout link” that causes an itemized price list to be downloaded to the customer's computer. Once downloaded, this information is merged with information locally stored on the customer's computer.
- the customer's computer then adds sales tax information and sends this information along with a shipping address back to the merchant. Credit card information from the customer is sent directly to the financial institution; the merchant never receives the customer's credit card information.
- the financial institution informs the merchant that the transaction is complete.
- the present invention offers many advantages over the prior art. Advantages associated with one or more embodiments of the present invention include, without limitation, the advantages enumerated below.
- the amount of confidential information sent to merchants is limited, reducing the risk that such information will be intercepted or misused.
- the customer need not type in a large amount of information each time a transaction is conducted.
- the customer simply transfers this information from his local database using a limited number of predetermined keystrokes. This method is much preferred because such personal information rarely changes. When such information does change, the customer need only update his database once.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a merchandising system according to the present invention. Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiment(s)
- transactions are conducted over a large public network, such as the Internet.
- a large public network such as the Internet.
- Each transaction involves a merchant, a customer, and a money processor that each use computer systems connected to the network.
- Each merchant, customer and money processor that may participate in transactions has its own encryption key.
- This encryption key is referred to herein as a secured key (or "private" key), meaning that the collection of data constituting the key is not made publicly available and, preferably, is not made available to others except as described herein.
- a copy of each secured key also exists in a central, secure database system that is also connected to the network.
- a secured key preferably can be used to encrypt and decrypt messages.
- Each customer uses an "Internet Consumer kit" containing the software for conducting transactions as described herein. Internet consumer kits preferably are made widely available. For example, the kits may be made available at each participating merchant.
- Each merchant uses an integrated communications software package that includes a database, a customer interface, a money processor interface, and a virtual HTML store generator.
- the customer selects products to purchase by accessing a merchant's
- FIG. 1 shows only a single merchant computer system, a single money processor computer system, and a single customer computer system. It is understood that the present invention permits any number of merchant, money processor and customer computer systems, each of which operates as described below.
- the merchant, customer and money processor computer systems shown in FIG. 1 (systems 3, 2, and 4, respectively) independently run interrelated software programs and function as a group to permit merchandising according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, each system has an associated secured key. Communications among separate systems preferably are conducted over the Internet.
- a master key server system 1 acts as a secure communications router. Master key server 1 communicates with various computer systems over the Internet or other public network system. As shown in FIG. 1 , master key server 1 includes a secured key database containing copies of the secured key for each merchant, customer, and money processor. The communication paths between master key server and various other computer systems are shown as path-7, path-9, path- 10, and path- 13. These paths indicate logical paths; the communications sent along these paths are preferably over the Internet and, as with other Internet communications described herein, the actual physical paths may vary.
- Customer computer system 2 initiates communications. Customer system 2 obtains information from the merchant computer system (also referred to as the Merchant's Storefront) 3 over communication path-6. Information generally is sent in the form of HTML pages that are dynamically created by the merchant system. Each time a customer clicks on an item in a store, the information is stored in a logical "shopping cart.”
- a file containing all selected items gets transmitted to the customer.
- This file is lightly encrypted before transmission, and then sent to the customer for further processing.
- a password is also transmitted to the customer, preferably as part of the file; the password is used by the customer to encrypt merchant and money processor data packets that are to be sent to the merchant and the money processor systems, respectively. After these data packets are created by the customer, they are combined in a single file, encrypted with the customer's secured key, and sent to master key server 1.
- the master key server 1 then decrypts this file, splits it into two separate files (a merchant data packet and a money processor data packet) and ships each packet to its final destination.
- Master key server 1 has a copy of each customer's secured key in a secured key database and, therefore, possesses the capability to decrypt the data sent to it.
- files are shipped out from the master key server 1, they are encrypted with the secured keys of the recipients.
- the master key server is blind to the actual data content being sent through it.
- Merchant system 3 has a local (storefront) database 17, which stores each customer's order, all inventory items, and pricing information. Merchant system 3 communicates with local database 17 via communications path 16. This database is tightly integrated into the virtual store's software system and the database may be part of the same computer system as the merchant's storefront.
- the merchant has a direct communications path 8 to the money processor server system 4 and a direct path 6 to the customer 2, which paths preferably are over the Internet. Communication on these paths is performed outside of the knowledge of master key server 1 so that private passwords may be used to create a 2-level encryption system as noted above.
- Merchant manager 12 communicates with the merchant's storefront via master key server 1 over path-13.
- Merchant manager 12 typically runs on a personal computer and is password protected. This allows the merchant manager to add inventory items and change pricing information.
- the merchant manager 12 has a secured key for communications through the master key server. A copy of this secured key therefore exists in the secured key database of the master key server.
- Money processor system 4 preferably communicates directly with a financial institution (e.g., a bank or credit card processor) 5, via path-1 1.
- Current methods for conducting such communication include modems running on a private line direct to the bank.
- the bank is also money processor server 4, thereby eliminating communications path-11.
- Money processor system 4 receives a one-way communications packet via path-8 from the merchant system 3 giving it the password sent to the customer, which password will later be used to unlock the data packet originating from the customer 2. Communications from the money processor system 4 back to the merchant system 3 are routed through the master key server 1 via path- 10.
- the customer has an associated local customer database 15 with which it communicates over path 14.
- This path may simply be a file read or write operation, and the database may be integrated into the customer computer system.
- Each logical client of the master key server 1 i.e., each customer, merchant, and money processor computer system
- Each logical client of the master key server 1 has its secured key updated following each transmission or reception of data by that client. This creates a moving target; in the unlikely event that a secured key is discovered, it is valid only for a single transaction and from a single customer. There is no way that this knowledge may be applied to other transactions; thus, security is greatly improved.
- the most viable attack on the security of this system would be to break into the building where the master key server is located and load all the secured keys. This is where the double blind method is useful; as noted above, in some embodiments, information passing through the master key server is encrypted in a form which cannot be decrypted by the master key server, before it is encrypted using the secured key.
- Preferred embodiments of merchandising systems according to the present invention use a series of inter-related communications to perform a transaction.
- the set of basic communications used by a preferred merchandising system is described below.
- the name of the file being downloaded has a 3-letter suffix, such as ".ASD”, which causes what is commonly known as a "Helper Application” to run and receive this file being downloaded from the Merchant via the Internet.
- the downloaded file is lightly encrypted (or scrambled) and contains a CRC checking system that validates the contents of this file. Light encryption or scrambling is defined as a process in which all the information necessary to unscramble the message including the key is sent together with the message in one file.
- the decryption algorithm contained within one customer program is identical to the algorithms in all other customer programs.
- the information being sent is not sensitive information; it only details what the customer has purchased.
- the purpose of the light encryption is to reduce the possibility of a bogus file accidentally causing the customer program to respond. Even if someone were to figure out how to create a fake merchant, the file would eventually get thrown out because the master key server will not communicate with a merchant that is not in the master key database.
- the downloaded and lightly encrypted file sent by the merchant contains the following information:
- the merchant's account number and purchase order number This number will eventually get passed along to the money processor system 4 by the customer, and allows the money processor (server) system 4 to know which merchant account to credit.
- the merchant's order number This number keeps track of which order is which. This number will eventually get sent back to the system 3 for tracking purposes. This number is also used by the money processor system 4.
- An encryption key This key is used to "keep the master key server 1 honest.” Data packets are encrypted using both the customer secured key and the encryption key sent by the merchant.
- the master key server 1 removes one level of encryption (i.e., the secured key level) so that it can re-encrypt the packet with the secured key of the recipient, and send it to another location. It does not know how to decrypt the second level. It merely encrypts and sends the data packet "as is" on to the next location. This "double-blind" method of encryption keeps all information that flows through the master key server unrecognizable as an added level of security.
- a series of equations defining post-processing activities The merchant is blind to information such as state and local taxes. In order to avoid any need for the customer to enter tax-related information into a form, post processing via a local calculator is performed on the customer's computer. As information eventually flows back to the merchant, the merchant may then account for the sales tax collected by receiving the state and county information from the customer. This makes shopping much less of a hassle by minimizing the amount of information that a customer has to enter into any merchant's order form.
- a list of information items that the merchant requires to ship the product to the customer This list includes shipping address and name. Other options may also be requested, such as EMAIL address, and telephone number. The customer has the option to prevent selected information from being sent to the merchant. 2. Customer to Master Kev Server.
- an application program that resides on the customer's computer is launched using as input the contents of the file sent by the merchant.
- This application performs the following functions:
- the master key server 1 receives this packet sent by the customer.
- the file sent to the master key server 1 uses an 8 character index key name to look up the customer's secured key in the master key database.
- the master key server (1) Decrypts the packet sent by the customer using its copy of the customer's secured key, which is stored in the master key database.
- the index key used to look up the secured key preferably is passed to the master key database by virtue of the physical name of the file which was transmitted. In other words, the file name and index key name are identical.
- the name sent to the processor is a combination of the order number, and the merchant account number (which merchant account number preferably is the merchant's index key ).
- the name of the file sent back to the merchant is the order number.
- the master key server uses a "decryption" algorithm to "encrypt” the data. This helps to further secure the data because the algorithm to encrypt is different from the algorithm to decrypt. Deriving the decryption algorithm from the encryption algorithm is a difficult and painfully slow process at best. This process includes reverse engineering several client programs. The task of deriving the algorithm number from the index key is nearly impossible. In some alternative embodiments, the algorithm number is completely unrelated to the index key and is stored in the master key database.
- Money processor system 4 receives a data packet, but does not know how to decrypt it. It must receive information concerning decryption directly from the merchant. This decryption entails a password string that was sent to the customer. The merchant originally created this password string and tells the customer and the processor what it is without the master key server ever having access to this information. This double blind method keeps the master key server honest.
- the merchant receives its data packet which contains an order number, tax information, the total price and the customer's shipping address. At no time is the credit card number exposed to the merchant or any other sensitive information that it has no business seeing. This keeps the credit card information very safe.
- the merchant will eventually receive a message from the credit card processor which validates the order. The customer can be informed in any conventional manner that all transactions have been completed.
- the secured key preferably changes through a process of handshaking.
- the master key server passes a random string of characters to each client that sends a packet of data. This random string of characters modifies the old secured key, creating a new secured key.
- Both the client and the master key server update their respective secured keys in the same way after handshaking has completed.
- Master key server sends a data packet containing a string of random numbers. This data packet is encrypted using the old secured key.
- Master key server receives this packet, checks the 256 numbers for validity, and returns a message back to the client further validating the new key. This message uses the new secured key.
- Merchants and money processors change their keys on a scheduled basis.
- the merchant and processor may also have a block of keys so that it can update them on a rotating basis.
- Each client is defined as either a customer, a merchant, or a bank.
- a client may request a new key. This is driven by the client who sends a special message to the master key server. This message uses yet another encryption system based on the index key and an algorithm number. The client commands the master key server to discard the old index key, and to issue a new one. This encryption is necessary to prevent someone from throwing away a key that does not belong to him. This action will also cause the customer to lose all of the information contained within his local database including all credit card information. This process helps to remove orphaned index keys from cluttering the database. Also, if the system is not used in a year's time from the last use, the index key is deleted from the database.
- the client program is password protected. If the client forgets his password, he will have to reenter all of the information contained within his database. It is not necessary to get a new index key.
- the initial password generates the initial secured key. After this is done, the password is needed only to secure the local database. The password protection is put in place to prevent the situation where the family computer is stolen, and to prevent children from using the system without parental supervision.
- the credit card server is totally automated requiring no human intervention. In the event that something goes wrong, the customer may call the bank or credit card processing center. This information is contained within the final web page displayed by the merchant. That page will either tell the user that the transfer of money was successful or provide a reason for its rejection. Some common problems may be as follows: credit card expiration date has expired; credit line has been exceeded; credit card reported lost or stolen; given name on credit card does not match actual name.
- the store manager communicates with the actual store by using the master key server.
- the store manager has a special software package that has the ability to command the store to upload or download its current inventory database, change pricing information, or add new items to the database.
- the store manager may also change the look and feel of the store by uploading new graphics, and logos.
- This software package is written in such a way as to remove the complexity of creating HTML forms, programming SQL database engines, and other complex activities making the store manager able to do what he does best.
- This store manager software package is also password protected. This prevents dishonest employees from changing price information without the knowledge of the store manager. In the event that the store manager forgets his password, a system is put in place to extract this password. This is performed using the following procedure:
- Store manager calls a mall manager, an entity responsible for verifying the identity of merchants.
- Mall manager verifies that the store manager is who he says he is by comparing his application with verbal questions.
- the mall manager then provides a temporary password that takes the store manager to a later screen which allows the merchant to enter in a new password.
- This temporary password is based on the combination of the index key for the store, the index key of the store manager, and a pseudo random number based on a seed created by the secured key; the mall manager does not see the secured key, but only the resulting random number.
- a self- checking CRC Built into this temporary password is a self- checking CRC. This temporary password only works one time and only on this one machine.
- a screen comes up asking the merchant manager to enter in a new password.
- the store manager preferably must then retype the password.
- the present invention is particularly useful in connection with the popular Hyper-Text Markup Language ("HTML") used on the World Wide Web, a graphical communications system that runs over the Internet.
- HTML Hyper-Text Markup Language
- links point to other locations and files on the Internet.
- a link uses .an addressing scheme similar to how mail is delivered by the post office.
- Domain Name Services have been deployed allowing the user to type in plain text instead of what are known as IP addresses.
- IP addresses contains 4 bytes each separated by the colon character. Below are several examples of IP addresses:
- the first series of characters up to and including the "//” defines a communications protocol. This tells the "Internet Web Browsers” how to inte ⁇ ret a data package that will eventually get transmitted.
- the next section contains the domain name. Domain names end in suffixes such as: net, com, edu, org, and pri.
- a domain name may also contain a one or more prefixes such as "www". Each prefix is delimited by a period. The computer that owns that domain name resolves these prefixes to a physical IP address or a directory. Following the domain name is a directory path name the most common being "/index.html" which indicates the official starting home page for that domain.
- EMAIL Another function of the Internet that predates web pages is EMAIL.
- An EMAIL address uses one or more prefixes such as someone's name, and appends "@" plus the domain name. Several examples are shown below: gary@foo.com
- helper apps are invoked when a file name containing a file extension consistent with that application. These helper application suffixes are programmable.
- This invention uses the above concept of a "helper app” in order to launch the customer program that receives the information from the merchant which also sends this information back to the merchant and bank mixed with the customer's personal information.
- the program that the customer runs is capable of performing encryption intended for commerce only.
- the customer may only communicate with the bank and the merchant via the master key server (FIG. 1,1).
- the algorithm used cannot be easily modified to be used as a stand-alone encryption system.
- the system is further restricted by not .allowing customers to communicate with other customers.
- the information that gets sent by the customer is nothing more than credit card numbers, shipping address, name and purchase total. This kind of information does not pose a national risk, nor can it facilitate drug trafficking. Thus, there is no reason for any barriers or restrictions concerning the export of this technology. It is relatively easy to establish a "virtual store" using the present invention.
- the store manager can remotely change prices, add inventory items, and even change the look of his storefront.
- This program is tightly integrated with the merchant's storefront. Security is maintained because only the computer that has the store manager's secured key can change the storefront.
- the software is also password protected preventing dishonest employees from changing price information. For smaller shop keepers, it is also possible for the store manager to run his entire business from the virtual store's database keeping shipping logs, inventory, and all other aspects of running a business.
- a single secured key used in connection with the present invention preferably can be used to encrypt and decrypt messages. Based on the present disclosure, however, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention permits embodiments in which different keys .are used to encrypt and decrypt messages.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AU35151/97A AU3515197A (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1997-06-27 | Public network merchandising system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US08/671,734 | 1996-06-28 | ||
US08/671,734 US5825881A (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1996-06-28 | Public network merchandising system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO1998000948A1 true WO1998000948A1 (en) | 1998-01-08 |
Family
ID=24695672
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/US1997/011649 WO1998000948A1 (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1997-06-27 | Public network merchandising system |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US5825881A (en) |
AU (1) | AU3515197A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998000948A1 (en) |
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US5825881A (en) | 1998-10-20 |
AU3515197A (en) | 1998-01-21 |
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