US8943094B2 - Apparatus, system, and method for natural language processing - Google Patents
Apparatus, system, and method for natural language processing Download PDFInfo
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- US8943094B2 US8943094B2 US12/564,546 US56454609A US8943094B2 US 8943094 B2 US8943094 B2 US 8943094B2 US 56454609 A US56454609 A US 56454609A US 8943094 B2 US8943094 B2 US 8943094B2
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- G06F17/273—
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
- G06F16/93—Document management systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/24—Querying
- G06F16/242—Query formulation
- G06F16/243—Natural language query formulation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/24—Querying
- G06F16/245—Query processing
- G06F16/2455—Query execution
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- G06F17/2785—
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F40/00—Handling natural language data
- G06F40/20—Natural language analysis
- G06F40/232—Orthographic correction, e.g. spell checking or vowelisation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F40/00—Handling natural language data
- G06F40/20—Natural language analysis
- G06F40/237—Lexical tools
- G06F40/242—Dictionaries
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F40/00—Handling natural language data
- G06F40/30—Semantic analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F40/00—Handling natural language data
- G06F40/40—Processing or translation of natural language
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N5/00—Computing arrangements using knowledge-based models
- G06N5/02—Knowledge representation; Symbolic representation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L17/00—Speaker identification or verification
- G10L17/22—Interactive procedures; Man-machine interfaces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/25—Integrating or interfacing systems involving database management systems
- G06F16/258—Data format conversion from or to a database
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/30—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of unstructured textual data
- G06F16/33—Querying
- G06F16/332—Query formulation
- G06F16/3329—Natural language query formulation or dialogue systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/40—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of multimedia data, e.g. slideshows comprising image and additional audio data
- G06F16/43—Querying
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- G06F17/30011—
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- G06F17/30023—
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- G06F17/30569—
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- G06F17/30654—
Definitions
- FIG. 3 illustrates a diagram of one embodiment of a meta search module.
- Various embodiments may be generally directed to information retrieval techniques for reducing both the number of misses and the number of false alarms when searching for documents in a knowledge base.
- Various embodiments may be generally directed to searching and retrieving documents based on a natural language input.
- Such natural language processing techniques provide specific answers to queries submitted by a user while avoiding the need for the user to sort through a set of search results such as might be provided by standard keyword-based searches.
- Some embodiments may be particularly directed to natural language processing techniques for improving the efficiency of accessing knowledge bases.
- Various embodiments may be directed to “meta search” based natural language processing techniques for providing additional related information in response to a pattern provided in a natural language input submitted by the user.
- the meta search based natural language processing technique enables the natural language processing system to provide multiple responses to the user rather than providing only a single response to the user, e.g., the “meta search” provides expanded search results in addition to the response that is associated with a unit whose natural language input pattern was matched by the user's input pattern.
- a mobile computing device may comprise, or be implemented as, any type of wireless device, mobile station, or portable computing device with a self-contained power source (e.g., battery) such as the laptop computer 122 , ultra-laptop computer, PDA, cellular telephone, combination cellular telephone/PDA, mobile unit, subscriber station, user terminal, portable computer, handheld computer 116 , palmtop computer, wearable computer, media player, pager, messaging device, data communication device, and so forth.
- a fixed computing device for example, may be implemented as a desk top computer, workstation, client/server computer, and so forth.
- the interface device 102 may be implemented as a conventional landline telephone for voice input and/or speech recognition applications, for example.
- the interface device 102 may be configured as a mobile computing device to provide voice and/or data communications functionality in accordance with different types of wireless network systems or protocols.
- suitable wireless network systems offering data communication services may include the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.xx series of protocols, such as the IEEE 802.1a/b/g/n series of standard protocols and variants (also referred to as “WiFi”), the IEEE 802.16 series of standard protocols and variants (also referred to as “WiMAX”), the IEEE 802.20 series of standard protocols and variants, and so forth.
- IEEE 802.xx series of protocols such as the IEEE 802.1a/b/g/n series of standard protocols and variants (also referred to as “WiFi”), the IEEE 802.16 series of standard protocols and variants (also referred to as “WiMAX”), the IEEE 802.20 series of standard protocols and variants, and so forth.
- a concept 140 is a technique employed by the natural language processor 104 to return and/or retrieve more relevant documents in a response 110 .
- the natural language processor 104 may employ techniques associated with leveraging concepts.
- the concept 140 may be defined as a breakdown of critical ideas contained in phrases in the natural language input 108 .
- Zero or more concepts 140 can be attributed to a phrase entered by the user 106 when the natural language input 108 is received by the natural language processor 104 .
- One or more concepts 140 can also be attributed to individual documents available to the natural language processor 104 for responding to the user's phrase in the natural language input 108 .
- the natural language processor 104 can index the documents (i.e., build an index or indices) based on the respective concept(s) 140 in order to respond relatively quickly to the phrase in the natural language input 108 submitted by the user 106 .
- the natural language processor 104 queries the index and returns and/or retrieves any documents having one or more concepts 140 matching those attributed to the phrase in the natural language input 108 .
- a pattern of a concept 140 “Savings Account” in the natural language input 108 has a very different meaning than the patterns of concepts “Account Savings” and “Savings in my Account.”
- Concepts 140 also have their own associated test questions for the purposes of testing. Examples of test questions that the user 106 may include in the natural language input 108 for the pattern of a concept 140 “Savings Account” may comprise:
- FIG. 4 illustrates a diagram 400 of one embodiment of the auto-clarification module 132 ( FIG. 1 ).
- the auto-clarification module 132 is for resolving ambiguities that arise when the concepts 140 found in a natural language input 108 pattern submitted by the user 106 ( FIG. 1 ) are not sufficient for the natural language processor 104 to identify a single matching unit 138 ( FIG. 1 ) upon which to base a response 110 to the user 106 . Accordingly, as shown in FPML block 404 , multiple matching units 138 1 to 138 n may be created.
- any reference to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment.
- the appearances of the phrase “in one embodiment” in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
- processing refers to the action and/or processes of a computer or computing system, or similar electronic computing device, that manipulates and/or transforms data represented as physical quantities (e.g., electronic) within registers and/or memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the memories, registers or other such information storage, transmission or display devices.
- physical quantities e.g., electronic
Abstract
Description
-
- How much does it cost to have a savings account?
- What's the price of a savings account?
- $$ of a savings account?
- Saving's accounts: cost?
- Do I have to pay for savings accounts?
- What are the restrictions of a savings account?
- Is there a minimum balance I have to maintain to have a savings account?
- How much is a savings account?
-
- Account
- Accounts
- Accts
- Account's
-
- Price
- Prices
- Prise
- Prises
- Cost
- Costs
- Cost's
-
- Bank
- Banks
- Bank's
- Lender
- Lenders
- Credit union
- Credit Unions
-
- * Anatomy (Building Block) surgeryvocab *
- * brokenvocab myvocab Anatomy (Building Block) *
-
- * savingsvocab accountvocab *
- * accountvocab for savingsvocab *
- * interestvocab bearingvocab accountvocab *
Additionally, patterns may include, without limitation, dictionary text files, tabular text data files, regular expressions, lex types and other constructs to impact scoring, and contextual awareness, for example.
-
- User: What is AIT?
- System: Advanced Individual Training is Army training specifically designed to maximize the potential of each soldier.
- User: Where is it?
- [The concept “AIT” is carried over]
- System: Advanced Individual Training takes place all over the world and depends on the type of training.
- User: What is BCT?
- [nothing carried over]
- System: Basic Combat Training is where civilians learn to be soldiers. It is tough but rewarding work.
- User: Where is AIT?
- [nothing carried over]
- System: Advanced Individual Training takes place all over the world and depends on the type of training.
- User: BCT?
- [The concept “where” is carried over]
- System: Basic Combat Training takes place in Alabama or Texas.
-
- System: How many tickets would you like to buy? (Current goal: book a flight)
- User: Do I have to purchase a ticket for my infant? (Not a direct answer to the system's prompt.)
- System: How old is the child? (New goal: determine age of child)
- User: 12 months old
- System: Children under 24 months do not require a separate ticket. (New goal complete.)
- System: How many tickets would you like to buy? (Back to original goal.)
Claims (27)
Priority Applications (6)
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US14/315,852 US9552350B2 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2014-06-26 | Virtual assistant conversations for ambiguous user input and goals |
US14/451,009 US9563618B2 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2014-08-04 | Wearable-based virtual agents |
US15/412,573 US10795944B2 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2017-01-23 | Deriving user intent from a prior communication |
US17/062,752 US11250072B2 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2020-10-05 | Apparatus, system, and method for natural language processing |
US17/670,742 US11727066B2 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2022-02-14 | Apparatus, system, and method for natural language processing |
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US12/564,546 US8943094B2 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2009-09-22 | Apparatus, system, and method for natural language processing |
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US14/451,009 Continuation US9563618B2 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2014-08-04 | Wearable-based virtual agents |
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US20140310005A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
US20110071819A1 (en) | 2011-03-24 |
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US11727066B2 (en) | 2023-08-15 |
US20210019353A1 (en) | 2021-01-21 |
US10795944B2 (en) | 2020-10-06 |
US9563618B2 (en) | 2017-02-07 |
US20140343928A1 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
US9552350B2 (en) | 2017-01-24 |
US11250072B2 (en) | 2022-02-15 |
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