US20090142523A1 - method and machine for making fibre products from stock and a new type of fibre product - Google Patents
method and machine for making fibre products from stock and a new type of fibre product Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20090142523A1 US20090142523A1 US11/719,796 US71979605A US2009142523A1 US 20090142523 A1 US20090142523 A1 US 20090142523A1 US 71979605 A US71979605 A US 71979605A US 2009142523 A1 US2009142523 A1 US 2009142523A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tool
- fibre product
- stock
- shaped body
- fibre
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21J—FIBREBOARD; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM CELLULOSIC FIBROUS SUSPENSIONS OR FROM PAPIER-MACHE
- D21J3/00—Manufacture of articles by pressing wet fibre pulp, or papier-mâché, between moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D1/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21J—FIBREBOARD; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM CELLULOSIC FIBROUS SUSPENSIONS OR FROM PAPIER-MACHE
- D21J1/00—Fibreboard
- D21J1/06—Drying
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21J—FIBREBOARD; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM CELLULOSIC FIBROUS SUSPENSIONS OR FROM PAPIER-MACHE
- D21J7/00—Manufacture of hollow articles from fibre suspensions or papier-mâché by deposition of fibres in or on a wire-net mould
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1303—Paper containing [e.g., paperboard, cardboard, fiberboard, etc.]
Definitions
- the invention relates to the production of fibre products from stock and especially to three-dimensional objects such as egg cartons, and other packaging products but also to objects such as drinking cups for beverages or trays, e.g. food trays.
- Fibre products such as for example egg boxes can be made from stock in a process where a fibre layer is created and shaped to a desired form whereafter the so shaped fibre product is dewatered and possibly subjected to some form of post-processing operation.
- U.S. Pat. No. 6,103,179 discloses a method for producing a fibre product which is where a first male mould is immersed in a moulding tank containing stock. By means of vacuum, a fibre layer of predetermined thickness for the fibre product is formed. The first male mould is then removed from the moulding tank. A cyclical sequence of movements is performed with a female mould in which, in a first pressing stage, the female mould is brought under force against the male mould so that a first expressing of stock water occurs following which the fibre product is transferred to the female mould which is moved to a second position. The fibre product is then subjected to a second expressing whereafter the fibre product is subjected to final drying using microwave or IR radiation.
- U.S. Pat. No. 6,451,235 discloses a method for forming a three dimensional fibre truss from a fibre slurry.
- a wet-forming station which comprises a substantially rigid moveable wet-forming die with a three-dimensional first forming surface and a substantially rigid fixed wet-forming die with a second forming surface.
- a deckle comprises a substantially rigid impermeable frame that surrounds a deckle interior space comprising a prismatic volume including a cross-sectional outline that encompasses a peripheral surface of the first die so that the moveable wet-forming die can traverse an axial length of the prismatic volume of the deckle interior space.
- the method includes adding a predetermined quantity of fibre slurry to the slurry space and compressing at a pre-selected rate the fibre slurry contained in the slurry space. A pre-form fibre truss is then removed from the deckle interior space and moved to a truss finishing station.
- the 5 moist pre-form fibre truss is compacted further and dried under pressurized constraint between heated forming dies to produce the finished fibre truss.
- a caul carries the finished fibre truss to a post-processing station.
- the post-processing is stated to include such operations as bonding to skins.
- U.S. Pat. No. 6,582,562 discloses a method for producing moulded parts from a slurry by the use of first and second mating porous molds.
- the first mould is moved into the slurry and a vacuum is supplied to the first mold to cause the slurry to form onto the first mold to a desired thickness.
- the second mold is heated by hot air from a hot air source and the first and second moild are mated and a vacuum is supplied to the first and second molds during mating of the first and second molds.
- the molded part is ejected from the first mold and the molded part travels with the second mold.
- the second mold is moved and the vacuum on the second mold is released to permit the molded part to be separated from the second mold. This can be done in connection with a conveyor belt. It is stated that drying temperatures of 300° F. can be used (corresponding to about 149° C.).
- U.S. Pat. No. 6,136,150 discloses a method and a device for achieving a flow of stock in a moulding tank. It is stated that the moulding tank is used to produce a fibre product such as an egg carton or other packaging product. In this patent, is it proposed that a flow of stock in the moulding tank is pumped into the bottom of the moulding tank and allowed to flow up over the brim of the tank. It is stated that this results in a flow that is directed upwards and that this should be important for forming a fibre layer of even thickness on a male tool used in the method.
- the shape of the final product can be controlled in a reliable way.
- the final product has substantially even strength properties so that the final product does not bend easier in one direction than in another. If heat is used to dewater the fibre product, it is also desirable that the heat does not burn the surface of the fibre product. It is also desirable that vaporized water can be evacuated efficiently.
- the method is carried out in such a way and the machine is so designed that improved control of the shape of the final product is achieved.
- the final product also obtains substantially even properties of strength. Further objects of the invention include efficient dewatering and avoidance of burning of the surface of the final product.
- the invention relates to a method for producing a fibre product from stock.
- the inventive method comprises providing a first tool that is permeable to air and water and providing a second tool.
- the second tool is heated to a surface temperature of at least 220° C.
- a moulding tank is provided and stock is fed to the moulding tank.
- the first tool is immersed in the stock in the tank and an embryonic fibre product is formed on the first tool by applying suction through the first tool.
- the first tool is then removed from the stock and the first tool is brought against a second tool such that the formed fibre product is sandwiched between the first and the second tool.
- the formed fibre product is heated by the second tool such that at least a part of the water in the formed fibre product is vaporized.
- the formed fibre product may subsequently be subjected to at least one additional step of dewatering where the fibre product is sandwiched between a pairs of opposed tools. Water is removed from the fibre product until it has reached a dry solids content of preferably at least 70%. When the fibre product has reached a dry solids content of at least 70%, it may be subjected to final drying by microwaves. Prior to final drying by microwaves, the fibre product can be subjected to steam in order to achieve a more even moisture content.
- the heating and vaporizing step that is carried out between the first tool and the second tool should preferably last for no more than 1 second.
- the fibre product is suitably dewatered to a dry solids content of 18-22% by weight, preferably 20% by weight.
- the stock used can suitably have a dry solids content of 0.4-0.7% by weight.
- the stock has a dry solids content of 0.5% by weight.
- a suitable stock can be made from chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP).
- no stock is fed to the moulding tank during the actual forming step. This can be achieved, for example, by means of causing stock from a machine vat to by-pass the moulding tank during the forming step. After the forming step, the stock from the machine vat can once again be fed to the moulding tank.
- the forming step preferably takes 1-2 seconds.
- the first tool and the second tool should preferably be pressed against each other with a force that generates an overpressure of no more than 1 MPa and preferably no more than 900 KPa. In fact, it can be suitable in some cases to use a very low pressure and the pressure may be in the range of 10-900 KPa. It is also conceivable that no mechanical pressure at all is applied.
- Suction should preferably be applied to the first tool also when the fibre product is sandwiched between the first tool and the heated second tool.
- the second tool is permeable to air and water. Suction is then applied also to the second tool when the fibre product is sandwiched between the tools so that steam and water is evacuated through both the first tool and the second tool.
- the invention also relates to a machine for producing fibre products from stock.
- the machine comprises a moulding tank for holding stock and a first tool that is permeable to air and water.
- the machine further comprises a second tool that is permeable to air and water.
- the machine has means connected to the first tool for lowering the first tool into the tank and lifting the first tool out of the tank and for bringing the first tool against the second tool.
- a suction device i.e. a source of underpressure is connected to the first tool.
- a source of heat i.e. a heating device, arranged to heat the second tool and capable of heating the surface of the second tool to a temperature of at least 220° C.
- the machine further comprises a microwave heater for additional removal of water from a fibre product that has previously been dewatered between the first and the second tool. There are also means for transferring a fibre product from the second tool to the microwave heater.
- a machine vat is arranged to supply stock to the moulding tank through a conduit.
- a conduit may also be a by-pass conduit that can be used selectively such that stock from the machine vat can be either passed directly to the moulding tank or pumped around in a looped flow.
- a steam shower can be arranged before the microwave heater so that a fibre product to be passed through the microwave heater can be showered with steam before it is treated by the microwave heater.
- the first tool comprises particles that have been sintered together to form a porous body.
- the second tool comprises particles that have been sintered together to form a porous body.
- other tools than sintered tools could be considered.
- the first and second tools are mounted on holders that can be rotated between different angular positions.
- additional tools may be arranged in a path from the pair of the first and second tool to the microwave heater, the additional tools forming cooperating pairs of tools where a fibre product may be subjected to additional dewatering and the additional tools further being arranged to convey a fibre product towards the microwave heater.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the layout of the machine used in the inventive method.
- FIGS. 2 a - 2 h show a sequence where a forming tool is immersed in stock held in a tank.
- FIG. 3 shows in greater detail a forming tool immersed in stock.
- FIG. 4 shows the forming tool of FIG. 3 where a fibre product has been formed on the tool.
- FIG. 5 shows how the first tool mates with the second tool and how a fibre product is sandwiched between the two tools.
- FIG. 6 shows, in perspective, a group of tool holders arranged in a sequence.
- FIG. 7 shows the same group of tool holders as in FIG. 6 but here seen from above.
- FIG. 8 shows a side view of the tool holders shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 .
- FIG. 9 shows how ready-dried fibre products are transferred to a conveyor belt.
- FIG. 10 shows a part of the machine shown in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 11 shows an exploded view of a tool pair used in the present invention.
- FIG. 12 shows a cross section of the tool pair shown in FIG. 11 .
- FIG. 13 shows in greater detail the microstructure of the tools shown in FIG. 12 .
- FIG. 14 shows, in perspective, a tool holder provided with a plurality of tools.
- FIGS. 15A-C show properties of moulded product produced according to the invention, in comparison with prior art.
- FIG. 16 shows a detail of an advantageous embodiment of a tool used in the inventive method.
- FIG. 1 a machine for producing fibre products is shown.
- a stock preparation section is indicated where pulp bales 20 can be disintegrated and dissolved into stock in a pulper 22 and subsequently passed to a machine vat 7 .
- the stock can be kept in motion by an agitating device 21 to avoid flocculation.
- the stock can be fed through a conduit 8 to a tank 6 which is used in the process according to the present invention. In preferred embodiments of the invention, no stock is fed to the moulding tank 6 during the actual forming step.
- the stock from the machine vat 7 can once again be fed to the moulding tank 6 .
- the forming step can suitably take 1-2 seconds.
- the pulp 19 in the moulding tank 6 can be at rest. This entails the advantage that the fibre product that is formed obtains more uniform properties in all directions since the orientation of the fibres will be more stochastic.
- the stock can be sent through a by-pass conduit 9 during forming so that the stock is kept in motion.
- the fibre product After a fibre product has been formed on a tool 1 that is immersed in the stock that is kept in the tank 6 , the fibre product is dewatered between opposing pairs of tools and subsequently passed to a microwave heating device 17 for final drying.
- a conveyor belt 15 can be used to transport fibre products 10 to the microwave heater 17 .
- pick-up unit 23 At the end of the production line, there may be a pick-up unit 23 that is used to place the final products 10 in a stack 24 .
- the pick-up unit 23 may have a suction device (not shown) in order to be able to pick up the ready-dried products 10 .
- FIG. 2 a a first tool 1 is placed on a holder 14 which can pivot on an axle or pin 14 .
- the holder 13 has been pivoted or rotated to a position where the first tool 1 faces the stock 19 that is held in a tank 6 .
- the first tool 1 is mounted on the holder 13 in such a way that is can be lowered into the stock 19 . This can be done by special means for lowering and raising the first tool 1 in relation to the holder 13 .
- Such means can include a telescoping hydraulically operated arm 18 which is indicated schematically in for example FIG. 2 c.
- the first tool 1 is now lowered into the stock 19 until it reaches the position indicated in FIG. 2 d. This position is showed in greater detail in FIG. 3 .
- the first tool 1 has a profiled surface 25 that corresponds to the shape of a fibre product to be formed.
- the first tool 1 is air and water permeable. It is also connected to a source of underpressure, i.e. a suction device 2 that can apply suction through the first tool 1 such that water and fibres are sucked towards the first tool 1 .
- the water will pass through the first tool 1 and can be passed back into the stock 19 through a return conduit (not shown).
- the fibres will stay on the profiled surface 25 of the first tool 1 and form an embryonic fibre product 10 as indicated in FIG. 4 .
- the first tool 1 serves as a forming tool for initial forming of the fibre products.
- the stock used is preferably based on be chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP) but also other pulp that CTMP can be contemplated.
- CTMP is a preferred pulp in this context since it is relatively easy to dewater stock based on CTMP.
- the consistency of the stock may be 0.5% by weight or about 0.5% by weight. However, other values for consistency may also be contemplated.
- the initial forming step may take about 1-2 seconds.
- the first tool 1 (the forming tool) is lifted from the stock 19 as indicated in FIG. 2 e.
- the formed fibre product 10 now has a dry solids content of about 20% but dry solids content can also be somewhat lower or somewhat higher, realistically in the range of, for example, 18-22%.
- the holder 13 may then be rotated and the first tool 1 once again moved by the arm 18 away from the body of the holder 13 .
- the first tool 1 is moved horizontally and to the right in the figures.
- other directions and patterns of movement are also possible.
- the first tool is moved in order to mate with a second tool 3 as indicated symbolically in FIG. 2 h and in greater detail in FIG. 5 .
- the suction device 2 continues to be active so that the embryonic fibre product 10 is firmly held by the first tool 1 .
- the second tool 3 has a profiled surface 26 that matches the profiled surface 25 of the first tool 1 .
- the formed fibre product 10 is held between the tools 1 , 3 .
- the first tool 1 is shown as a male tool while the second tool 3 is shown as a female tool. This is believed to the most suitable solution since it makes the forming process easier but the first tool 1 can also be a female tool.
- a heating device 5 is arranged to heat the second tool 3 such that the profiled surface 26 of the second tool 3 reaches a temperature of preferably at least 220° C. Also temperatures considerably higher than 220° C. can be used. A realistic interval for the surface temperature of the second tool 3 may be 220° C.-400° C. Although the surface temperature for the second tool 3 should preferably be at least 220° C. in order to achieve effective dewatering, it should be understood that temperatures below 220° C. can be contemplated. For example, the temperature could be as low as 200° C. Hence, an interval for the temperature can be 200° C.-400° C.
- the second tool 3 is also a permeable tool and a suction device 4 may also be connected to the second tool 3 to apply suction through the second tool 3 when the second tool 3 mates with the first tool 1 .
- a suction device 4 may also be connected to the second tool 3 to apply suction through the second tool 3 when the second tool 3 mates with the first tool 1 . Due to the high temperature of the second tool 3 , water in the fibre product 10 is vaporized. Since at least the first tool 1 is permeable, vapour can escape through the first tool 1 . If the suction device 2 of the first tool is active, this will facilitate evacuation of vapour. If the second tool 3 is also permeable, vapour can also be evacuated through the second tool 3 and this is made more efficient if the suction device 4 of the second tool is active. The fibre product 10 is held between the tools 1 , 3 during the vaporization.
- the time in the nip between the tools 1 , 3 should preferably be quite short and a time of no more than 1 second can be suitable. In some cases, a time which is less than 1 second can be suitable.
- the pressure in the nip between the tools 1 , 3 should preferably not be higher than 1 MPa.
- the mechanical pressure should not be higher than 900 KPa.
- the mechanical pressure may be in the range of 10-900 MPa. In some cases, the pressure could actually be zero.
- each tool holder 13 is pivotable and has an axle 14 for this purpose.
- the axle 14 may be rotatable together with the tool holder or the tool holder 13 may pivot on the axle 14 .
- there are additional tools 11 , 12 such as male tools 11 and female tools 12 .
- Each of the tools 11 , 12 can form a nip together with at least one other tool on an adjacent tool holder 13 .
- Each of the tools 11 , 12 maybe permeable and connected to a suction device just like the first tool 1 and the second tool 3 .
- the tools 11 , 12 can be mounted on one or several telescoping arms 18 or on some other actuator to move the tools 11 , 12 away from or towards their respective holders 13 . In this way, a tool 11 on one holder 13 may be moved horizontally towards a tool 12 on an adjacent holder 13 in order to dewater a fibre product held between the tools 11 , 12 .
- the tools 11 , 12 and there tool holders 13 also serve as a conveyor for conveying the fibre product 10 towards the microwave heater 17 . This functions in the following way.
- a fibre product 10 is held on a male tool 1 , 11 or on a female tool 3 , 12 by means of suction through the permeable tool 1 , 3 , 11 , 12 .
- the fibre product 10 is initially held on a male tool 1 , 11 .
- the arm 18 moves the male tool 1 , 11 towards the female tool 3 , 12 .
- the fibre product 10 is dewatered.
- the suction through the male tool 1 , 11 is released and the fibre product 10 is now held by suction through the female tool 3 , 12 .
- the male tool 1 , 11 returns to its original position.
- the tool holder 13 of the female tool 3 , 12 is now rotated 180° such that the fibre product will be facing a new male tool 12 . It can now be understood that this process can be repeated in such a way that the fibre product 10 is transferred to the next male tool and further towards the microwave dryer.
- the tools 11 , 12 and their holders 13 are thus arranged to convey a fibre product 10 towards the microwave heater.
- FIG. 7 For additional clarification of the arrangement of the additional tools 11 , 12 , reference is also made to FIG. 7 .
- each tool holder 13 can have a plurality of tools 12 arranged next to each other so that a plurality of fibre products 10 can be produced and finished simultaneously.
- each of the additional pairs of tools 11 , 12 can function in the same way as the first tool 1 (the forming tool) and the second tool 3 and that further dewatering can take place in the nips formed between the pairs of additional tools 11 , 12 .
- the additional tools 11 , 12 this serve both the purpose of dewatering and the purpose of conveying the fibre product(s) 10 .
- the pressure between the first tool 1 and the second tool 3 may be kept relatively low while a higher pressure and a lower temperature is used between following tool pairs 11 , 12 .
- the higher pressure of up to 1 MPa can be used in a press nip between the last pair of tools 11 , 12 . It should be understood that, normally, additional dewatering takes place in press nips between the additional tools 11 , 12 .
- the pressure in the nips could increase from nip to nip such that the lowest pressure is used in the first nip, a higher pressure is used in following nips and the highest pressure in the last nip. The pressure may thus increase in steps from nip to nip.
- FIG. 9 a shows how the last tool holder 13 is in a horizontal position. It should be understood that a fibre product 10 is held by suction to the male tool 11 .
- the tool holder 13 is located above the conveyor belt 15 .
- FIG. 9 b the tool holder 13 has been rotated so that the tool 11 now faces the conveyor belt 15 .
- the tool 11 moves downwards as indicated in FIG. 9 c and the suction is deactivated causing the fibre product to be dropped on the conveyor belt 15 .
- air could also be blown through the tool 11 to help the fibre product 10 to leave the tool 11 .
- the fibre product will then be transported towards the microwave heater while the tool 11 returns to its original position as indicated in FIG. 9 e - 9 h.
- FIG. 10 it can be seen how the microwave heater 17 can be preceded by a steam shower 16 that blows steam on the fibre product 10 .
- the purpose of this is to achieve a more even moisture distribution in the fibre product 10 .
- the use of steam is an optional feature of the invention and it is possible to envisage embodiments of the invention where steam is not used.
- the fibre product has been dewatered to a dry solids content of at least 70% before it reaches the microwave heater 17 . However, it should be understood that it could reach the microwave heater with a dry solids content below 70%.
- FIG. 11 is an exploded view of the first tool 1 and the second tool 3 .
- a heater 5 may be placed close to the second tool 3 , possibly directly connected to the tool 3 or at a certain distance from the second tool 3 .
- both tools 1 , 3 are provided with channels 27 through which water and air can pass.
- the tools 1 , 3 may comprise different layers 28 , 29 , 30 . These layers are parts of the tool structure that have different permeability.
- An inner layer 28 forms a base structure with a relatively high degree of permeability.
- An intermediate layer 29 has a relatively lower permeability and a thin surface layer 30 may have an even lower permeability.
- the tools may advantageously be made of small metal spheres that have been sintered together to form the different layers.
- the surface layer 30 may be formed of small spheres 31 while the intermediate layer 29 may be formed by somewhat larger metal spheres 32 .
- the base structure 28 is formed by the largest spheres 33 .
- the smallest particles 31 may have a diameter in the range of 0.01 mm-0.18 mm while the particles 32 in the intermediate layer 29 may have a diameter in the range of 0.18 mm-0.25 mm.
- the larger particles or spheres 33 in the base layer may have a diameter of 0.71 mm-1 mm.
- the particles 31 , 32 , 33 may be the kind of particles that are sold in the form of metal powder and can be obtained from CALLO AB, Poppelgatan 15, 571 39 Nässjö, Sweden.
- CALLO AB sells a metal powder under the name Callo 25 which is a spherical metal powder with particles having a diameter of 0.09-0.18 mm.
- the chemical composition is 89% Cu and 11% Sn. Suitable particles can also be obtained from Makin Metal Powders Limited, Buckley Road, Rochdale, Lancashire OL12 9DT England.
- the porosity of the tool 1 may be about 40%.
- the value of 40% porosity can apply to all layers. Embodiments of the invention can also be envisaged where different layers of the tool have different porosity.
- the smaller spheres 31 form a fine surface layer that contributes to giving the fibre product a smooth surface while the interior layers 29 , 28 improve permeability.
- the channels 27 that pass through the sintered structure may have pointed tips that reach the surface of the tool which improves permeability.
- FIG. 16 a part 34 of the surface 25 of the first tool 1 has been covered or coated so as to be impermeable or substantially impermeable.
- the impermeable spot 34 no layer of fibres will form.
- the fibre product will have a hole with a shape corresponding to the impermeable spot 34 .
- the impermeable spot 34 can be achieved by for example painting a part of the surface 25 or by covering a part of the surface 25 with a sheet of an impermeable material. It should be understood that this feature (an impermeable spot) is entirely optional and that the invention can be practiced without this optional feature.
- the invention can be understood as including the (optional) step of using a tool with an impermeable spot 34 .
- the idea of using a tool with an impermeable spot can be used independently of how the tool, the machine or the method is otherwise designed or performed.
- the porous structure provided by the sintered metal particles 31 , 32 , 33 has the advantage that water and vapour can escape easily through the tools 1 , 3 , 11 , 12 . This reduces the risk of delamination during the vaporization process.
- the sintered structure also has the advantage that steam can escape in a very even way over the whole surface of the tool.
- the high temperature entails the advantage that an efficient dewatering is achieved. Pressing with a relatively high pressure before the microwave heater (when the fibre product is wet) entails the advantage that good surface properties can be achieved before microwave drying. Therefore, it will not be necessary to press the fibre product after microwave drying which could be harmful to the fibre product.
- the microwave heating step entails the advantage of improved hygiene.
- the use of the high temperature also entails the advantage that the surface of the fibre product becomes more compact which is advantageous in view of bending stiffness.
- the microwave heating can be deleted or replaced by some other heating method, for example IR heating.
- the invention also relates to a fibre product that can be obtained by the above described method.
- FIGS. 15A-15C there are shown properties of a moulded product produced in accordance with the invention.
- FIG. 15A demonstrates that quality aspects (being of importance in many fields where moulded fibre pulp products are used, e.g. the packaging industry) can be remarkably better for the invention in relation to prior art products, e.g. produced by thermo moulding or conventional pulp moulding. It is believed that one reason for the high quality of a product according to the invention is that a high density can be achieved, in the range of 600-900 kg/m 3 , without causing any weakness in the fibre net work.
- thermo formed pulp products may obtain a level above 500 kg/ m 3 .
- thermo forming which includes hot after pressing
- the fibre net work will be partly disrupted that drastically decreases some quality aspects, e.g. tensile index.
- corners and other areas of the body that presents sharp bends/curves will be negatively affected by such hot after pressing, whereas according to the invention corners and areas having a sharp radius also present substantially the same kind of continuous, homogenous web structure as substantially flat areas of the body, which in turn provides equally good quality aspects in substantially all parts of the product.
- the fibre web of the product is of even thickness or substantially even thickness.
- fibre products obtained by the method described may, at least in certain cases, have a density lower than 600 kg/m 3 or higher than 900 kg/m 3 .
- a further major advantage according to the invention is that very smooth surfaces on both sides of the body may be produced.
- Products produced according to the invention may easily obtain a roughness in the range of about 750-1.000 ml/min. (ISO 8791-2, Bendtsen), whereas conventional moulded pulp products at least on one side normally have a roughness well above 1.500 ml/min. It may be mentioned that one of the reasons why conventional products normally present a higher roughness is that most conventional techniques do use a wire mesh to form the surface.
- a further advantage according to the invention is that the product will achieve a high tensile index, normally in the range of 65-100 kNm/kg., which indeed is a significant advantage compared to traditional moulded pulp products. (see FIG. 15 B) Moreover also a good tear index is achieved.
- Another advantage is that the bonding strength of the surface layer will be somehow higher than the bonding strength of an intermediate layer near the centre portion of the web forming the body, since the inventive method will achieve a higher amount of bindings between the fibres in the surface layer. As a consequence there is achieved a similar function as with an I-beam, i.e. the stiffness and the bending resistance is improved.
Abstract
Description
- The invention relates to the production of fibre products from stock and especially to three-dimensional objects such as egg cartons, and other packaging products but also to objects such as drinking cups for beverages or trays, e.g. food trays.
- Fibre products such as for example egg boxes can be made from stock in a process where a fibre layer is created and shaped to a desired form whereafter the so shaped fibre product is dewatered and possibly subjected to some form of post-processing operation.
- U.S. Pat. No. 6,103,179 discloses a method for producing a fibre product which is where a first male mould is immersed in a moulding tank containing stock. By means of vacuum, a fibre layer of predetermined thickness for the fibre product is formed. The first male mould is then removed from the moulding tank. A cyclical sequence of movements is performed with a female mould in which, in a first pressing stage, the female mould is brought under force against the male mould so that a first expressing of stock water occurs following which the fibre product is transferred to the female mould which is moved to a second position. The fibre product is then subjected to a second expressing whereafter the fibre product is subjected to final drying using microwave or IR radiation.
- U.S. Pat. No. 6,451,235 discloses a method for forming a three dimensional fibre truss from a fibre slurry. In this method, a wet-forming station is used which comprises a substantially rigid moveable wet-forming die with a three-dimensional first forming surface and a substantially rigid fixed wet-forming die with a second forming surface. A deckle comprises a substantially rigid impermeable frame that surrounds a deckle interior space comprising a prismatic volume including a cross-sectional outline that encompasses a peripheral surface of the first die so that the moveable wet-forming die can traverse an axial length of the prismatic volume of the deckle interior space. Within the deckle interior space, above a predetermined area of the second forming surface, there is a slurry space. There are also filling means for adding fibre slurry to the slurry space and a pressing means for urging the moveable wet-forming die along the axial length of the prismatic volume. The method includes adding a predetermined quantity of fibre slurry to the slurry space and compressing at a pre-selected rate the fibre slurry contained in the slurry space. A pre-form fibre truss is then removed from the deckle interior space and moved to a truss finishing station. In the truss finishing station, the 5 moist pre-form fibre truss is compacted further and dried under pressurized constraint between heated forming dies to produce the finished fibre truss. After treatment in the finishing station, a caul carries the finished fibre truss to a post-processing station. The post-processing is stated to include such operations as bonding to skins.
- U.S. Pat. No. 6,582,562 discloses a method for producing moulded parts from a slurry by the use of first and second mating porous molds. In this method, the first mould is moved into the slurry and a vacuum is supplied to the first mold to cause the slurry to form onto the first mold to a desired thickness. The second mold is heated by hot air from a hot air source and the first and second moild are mated and a vacuum is supplied to the first and second molds during mating of the first and second molds. After this, the molded part is ejected from the first mold and the molded part travels with the second mold. The second mold is moved and the vacuum on the second mold is released to permit the molded part to be separated from the second mold. This can be done in connection with a conveyor belt. It is stated that drying temperatures of 300° F. can be used (corresponding to about 149° C.).
- U.S. Pat. No. 6,136,150 discloses a method and a device for achieving a flow of stock in a moulding tank. It is stated that the moulding tank is used to produce a fibre product such as an egg carton or other packaging product. In this patent, is it proposed that a flow of stock in the moulding tank is pumped into the bottom of the moulding tank and allowed to flow up over the brim of the tank. It is stated that this results in a flow that is directed upwards and that this should be important for forming a fibre layer of even thickness on a male tool used in the method.
- During production of fibre products such as for example egg boxes and drinking cups, it is desirable that the shape of the final product can be controlled in a reliable way. For many applications, it is also desirable that the final product has substantially even strength properties so that the final product does not bend easier in one direction than in another. If heat is used to dewater the fibre product, it is also desirable that the heat does not burn the surface of the fibre product. It is also desirable that vaporized water can be evacuated efficiently.
- It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved method and an improved machine for producing fibre products from stock. In preferred embodiments of the invention, the method is carried out in such a way and the machine is so designed that improved control of the shape of the final product is achieved. In advantageous 5 embodiments of the invention, the final product also obtains substantially even properties of strength. Further objects of the invention include efficient dewatering and avoidance of burning of the surface of the final product.
- The invention relates to a method for producing a fibre product from stock. The inventive method comprises providing a first tool that is permeable to air and water and providing a second tool. The second tool is heated to a surface temperature of at least 220° C. A moulding tank is provided and stock is fed to the moulding tank. The first tool is immersed in the stock in the tank and an embryonic fibre product is formed on the first tool by applying suction through the first tool. The first tool is then removed from the stock and the first tool is brought against a second tool such that the formed fibre product is sandwiched between the first and the second tool. The formed fibre product is heated by the second tool such that at least a part of the water in the formed fibre product is vaporized.
- The formed fibre product may subsequently be subjected to at least one additional step of dewatering where the fibre product is sandwiched between a pairs of opposed tools. Water is removed from the fibre product until it has reached a dry solids content of preferably at least 70%. When the fibre product has reached a dry solids content of at least 70%, it may be subjected to final drying by microwaves. Prior to final drying by microwaves, the fibre product can be subjected to steam in order to achieve a more even moisture content.
- The heating and vaporizing step that is carried out between the first tool and the second tool should preferably last for no more than 1 second. During the forming step, the fibre product is suitably dewatered to a dry solids content of 18-22% by weight, preferably 20% by weight.
- The stock used can suitably have a dry solids content of 0.4-0.7% by weight. Preferably, the stock has a dry solids content of 0.5% by weight. A suitable stock can be made from chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP).
- In preferred embodiments of the invention, no stock is fed to the moulding tank during the actual forming step. This can be achieved, for example, by means of causing stock from a machine vat to by-pass the moulding tank during the forming step. After the forming step, the stock from the machine vat can once again be fed to the moulding tank. The forming step preferably takes 1-2 seconds.
- The first tool and the second tool should preferably be pressed against each other with a force that generates an overpressure of no more than 1 MPa and preferably no more than 900 KPa. In fact, it can be suitable in some cases to use a very low pressure and the pressure may be in the range of 10-900 KPa. It is also conceivable that no mechanical pressure at all is applied.
- Suction should preferably be applied to the first tool also when the fibre product is sandwiched between the first tool and the heated second tool. In preferred embodiments, also the second tool is permeable to air and water. Suction is then applied also to the second tool when the fibre product is sandwiched between the tools so that steam and water is evacuated through both the first tool and the second tool.
- The invention also relates to a machine for producing fibre products from stock. The machine comprises a moulding tank for holding stock and a first tool that is permeable to air and water. The machine further comprises a second tool that is permeable to air and water. The machine has means connected to the first tool for lowering the first tool into the tank and lifting the first tool out of the tank and for bringing the first tool against the second tool. A suction device, i.e. a source of underpressure is connected to the first tool. A source of heat, i.e. a heating device, arranged to heat the second tool and capable of heating the surface of the second tool to a temperature of at least 220° C. in order to vaporize water in a wet fibre product when the wet fibre product is sandwiched between the first and the second tool. The machine further comprises a microwave heater for additional removal of water from a fibre product that has previously been dewatered between the first and the second tool. There are also means for transferring a fibre product from the second tool to the microwave heater.
- Preferably, a machine vat is arranged to supply stock to the moulding tank through a conduit. There may also be a by-pass conduit that can be used selectively such that stock from the machine vat can be either passed directly to the moulding tank or pumped around in a looped flow.
- In advantageous embodiments, a steam shower can be arranged before the microwave heater so that a fibre product to be passed through the microwave heater can be showered with steam before it is treated by the microwave heater.
- Preferably the first tool comprises particles that have been sintered together to form a porous body. In preferred embodiments, also the second tool comprises particles that have been sintered together to form a porous body. Of course, it should be understood that also other tools than sintered tools could be considered.
- In advantageous embodiments, the first and second tools are mounted on holders that can be rotated between different angular positions.
- In addition to the first and the second tool, additional tools may be arranged in a path from the pair of the first and second tool to the microwave heater, the additional tools forming cooperating pairs of tools where a fibre product may be subjected to additional dewatering and the additional tools further being arranged to convey a fibre product towards the microwave heater.
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the layout of the machine used in the inventive method. -
FIGS. 2 a-2 h show a sequence where a forming tool is immersed in stock held in a tank. -
FIG. 3 shows in greater detail a forming tool immersed in stock. -
FIG. 4 shows the forming tool ofFIG. 3 where a fibre product has been formed on the tool. -
FIG. 5 shows how the first tool mates with the second tool and how a fibre product is sandwiched between the two tools. -
FIG. 6 shows, in perspective, a group of tool holders arranged in a sequence. -
FIG. 7 shows the same group of tool holders as inFIG. 6 but here seen from above. -
FIG. 8 shows a side view of the tool holders shown inFIG. 6 andFIG. 7 . -
FIG. 9 shows how ready-dried fibre products are transferred to a conveyor belt. -
FIG. 10 shows a part of the machine shown inFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 11 shows an exploded view of a tool pair used in the present invention. -
FIG. 12 shows a cross section of the tool pair shown inFIG. 11 . -
FIG. 13 shows in greater detail the microstructure of the tools shown inFIG. 12 . -
FIG. 14 shows, in perspective, a tool holder provided with a plurality of tools. -
FIGS. 15A-C show properties of moulded product produced according to the invention, in comparison with prior art. -
FIG. 16 shows a detail of an advantageous embodiment of a tool used in the inventive method. - Reference will now be made to
FIG. 1 . InFIG. 1 , a machine for producing fibre products is shown. To the left inFIG. 1 , a stock preparation section is indicated wherepulp bales 20 can be disintegrated and dissolved into stock in apulper 22 and subsequently passed to a machine vat 7. In the machine vat 7, the stock can be kept in motion by an agitatingdevice 21 to avoid flocculation. From the machine vat 7, the stock can be fed through a conduit 8 to atank 6 which is used in the process according to the present invention. In preferred embodiments of the invention, no stock is fed to themoulding tank 6 during the actual forming step. This can be achieved, for example, by means of causing stock from the machine vat 7 to by-pass themoulding tank 6 during the forming step. After the forming step, the stock from the machine vat 7 can once again be fed to themoulding tank 6. The forming step can suitably take 1-2 seconds. When no pulp is passed to themoulding tank 6, thepulp 19 in themoulding tank 6 can be at rest. This entails the advantage that the fibre product that is formed obtains more uniform properties in all directions since the orientation of the fibres will be more stochastic. To avoid flocculation in the conduit(s) leading to themoulding tank 6, the stock can be sent through a by-pass conduit 9 during forming so that the stock is kept in motion. After a fibre product has been formed on atool 1 that is immersed in the stock that is kept in thetank 6, the fibre product is dewatered between opposing pairs of tools and subsequently passed to amicrowave heating device 17 for final drying. Aconveyor belt 15 can be used to transportfibre products 10 to themicrowave heater 17. At the end of the production line, there may be a pick-upunit 23 that is used to place thefinal products 10 in astack 24. The pick-upunit 23 may have a suction device (not shown) in order to be able to pick up the ready-driedproducts 10. - The function of the process will now be explained with reference to
FIGS. 2 a-2 h andFIGS. 3-5 . InFIG. 2 a, afirst tool 1 is placed on aholder 14 which can pivot on an axle orpin 14. InFIG. 2 b, theholder 13 has been pivoted or rotated to a position where thefirst tool 1 faces thestock 19 that is held in atank 6. Thefirst tool 1 is mounted on theholder 13 in such a way that is can be lowered into thestock 19. This can be done by special means for lowering and raising thefirst tool 1 in relation to theholder 13. Such means can include a telescoping hydraulically operatedarm 18 which is indicated schematically in for exampleFIG. 2 c. Thefirst tool 1 is now lowered into thestock 19 until it reaches the position indicated inFIG. 2 d. This position is showed in greater detail inFIG. 3 . As can be seen inFIG. 3 , thefirst tool 1 has a profiledsurface 25 that corresponds to the shape of a fibre product to be formed. Thefirst tool 1 is air and water permeable. It is also connected to a source of underpressure, i.e. asuction device 2 that can apply suction through thefirst tool 1 such that water and fibres are sucked towards thefirst tool 1. The water will pass through thefirst tool 1 and can be passed back into thestock 19 through a return conduit (not shown). However, the fibres will stay on the profiledsurface 25 of thefirst tool 1 and form anembryonic fibre product 10 as indicated inFIG. 4 . In this way, thefirst tool 1 serves as a forming tool for initial forming of the fibre products. The stock used is preferably based on be chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP) but also other pulp that CTMP can be contemplated. CTMP is a preferred pulp in this context since it is relatively easy to dewater stock based on CTMP. The consistency of the stock may be 0.5% by weight or about 0.5% by weight. However, other values for consistency may also be contemplated. - The initial forming step may take about 1-2 seconds. When the initial forming step is completed, the first tool 1 (the forming tool) is lifted from the
stock 19 as indicated inFIG. 2 e. The formedfibre product 10 now has a dry solids content of about 20% but dry solids content can also be somewhat lower or somewhat higher, realistically in the range of, for example, 18-22%. As indicated inFIGS. 2 f-2 h, theholder 13 may then be rotated and thefirst tool 1 once again moved by thearm 18 away from the body of theholder 13. InFIGS. 2 f-2 h, thefirst tool 1 is moved horizontally and to the right in the figures. However, it should be understood that other directions and patterns of movement are also possible. The first tool is moved in order to mate with asecond tool 3 as indicated symbolically inFIG. 2 h and in greater detail inFIG. 5 . During this movement, thesuction device 2 continues to be active so that theembryonic fibre product 10 is firmly held by thefirst tool 1. Thesecond tool 3 has a profiledsurface 26 that matches the profiledsurface 25 of thefirst tool 1. When thefirst tool 1 meets thesecond tool 3, the formedfibre product 10 is held between thetools first tool 1 is shown as a male tool while thesecond tool 3 is shown as a female tool. This is believed to the most suitable solution since it makes the forming process easier but thefirst tool 1 can also be a female tool. Aheating device 5 is arranged to heat thesecond tool 3 such that the profiledsurface 26 of thesecond tool 3 reaches a temperature of preferably at least 220° C. Also temperatures considerably higher than 220° C. can be used. A realistic interval for the surface temperature of thesecond tool 3 may be 220° C.-400° C. Although the surface temperature for thesecond tool 3 should preferably be at least 220° C. in order to achieve effective dewatering, it should be understood that temperatures below 220° C. can be contemplated. For example, the temperature could be as low as 200° C. Hence, an interval for the temperature can be 200° C.-400° C. In preferred embodiments, thesecond tool 3 is also a permeable tool and a suction device 4 may also be connected to thesecond tool 3 to apply suction through thesecond tool 3 when thesecond tool 3 mates with thefirst tool 1. Due to the high temperature of thesecond tool 3, water in thefibre product 10 is vaporized. Since at least thefirst tool 1 is permeable, vapour can escape through thefirst tool 1. If thesuction device 2 of the first tool is active, this will facilitate evacuation of vapour. If thesecond tool 3 is also permeable, vapour can also be evacuated through thesecond tool 3 and this is made more efficient if the suction device 4 of the second tool is active. Thefibre product 10 is held between thetools tools tools tools - Reference will now be made to
FIG. 6 . InFIG. 6 , it can be seen howseveral tool holders 13 are arranges in a row. As indicated in for exampleFIG. 8 , eachtool holder 13 is pivotable and has anaxle 14 for this purpose. Theaxle 14 may be rotatable together with the tool holder or thetool holder 13 may pivot on theaxle 14. On each of thetool holders 13, there areadditional tools male tools 11 andfemale tools 12. Each of thetools adjacent tool holder 13. Each of thetools first tool 1 and thesecond tool 3. Thetools several telescoping arms 18 or on some other actuator to move thetools respective holders 13. In this way, atool 11 on oneholder 13 may be moved horizontally towards atool 12 on anadjacent holder 13 in order to dewater a fibre product held between thetools tools tool holders 13 also serve as a conveyor for conveying thefibre product 10 towards themicrowave heater 17. This functions in the following way. Afibre product 10 is held on amale tool female tool permeable tool fibre product 10 is initially held on amale tool male tool female tool fibre product 10 is dewatered. The suction through themale tool fibre product 10 is now held by suction through thefemale tool male tool tool holder 13 of thefemale tool male tool 12. It can now be understood that this process can be repeated in such a way that thefibre product 10 is transferred to the next male tool and further towards the microwave dryer. Thetools holders 13 are thus arranged to convey afibre product 10 towards the microwave heater. For additional clarification of the arrangement of theadditional tools FIG. 7 . - As can be seen most clearly in
FIG. 14 , eachtool holder 13 can have a plurality oftools 12 arranged next to each other so that a plurality offibre products 10 can be produced and finished simultaneously. It should be understood that each of the additional pairs oftools second tool 3 and that further dewatering can take place in the nips formed between the pairs ofadditional tools additional tools first tool 1 and thesecond tool 3 may be kept relatively low while a higher pressure and a lower temperature is used between following tool pairs 11, 12. For example, the higher pressure of up to 1 MPa can be used in a press nip between the last pair oftools additional tools - With reference to
FIG. 9 a-9 h, aconveyor belt 15 may be located at the end of the tool path.FIG. 9 a shows how thelast tool holder 13 is in a horizontal position. It should be understood that afibre product 10 is held by suction to themale tool 11. Thetool holder 13 is located above theconveyor belt 15. InFIG. 9 b, thetool holder 13 has been rotated so that thetool 11 now faces theconveyor belt 15. Thetool 11 moves downwards as indicated inFIG. 9 c and the suction is deactivated causing the fibre product to be dropped on theconveyor belt 15. Possibly, air could also be blown through thetool 11 to help thefibre product 10 to leave thetool 11. The fibre product will then be transported towards the microwave heater while thetool 11 returns to its original position as indicated inFIG. 9 e-9 h. - In
FIG. 10 , it can be seen how themicrowave heater 17 can be preceded by asteam shower 16 that blows steam on thefibre product 10. The purpose of this is to achieve a more even moisture distribution in thefibre product 10. It should be understood that the use of steam is an optional feature of the invention and it is possible to envisage embodiments of the invention where steam is not used. Preferably, the fibre product has been dewatered to a dry solids content of at least 70% before it reaches themicrowave heater 17. However, it should be understood that it could reach the microwave heater with a dry solids content below 70%. - The design of the
tools FIGS. 11-13 .FIG. 11 is an exploded view of thefirst tool 1 and thesecond tool 3. As indicated inFIG. 11 , aheater 5 may be placed close to thesecond tool 3, possibly directly connected to thetool 3 or at a certain distance from thesecond tool 3. As can be seen inFIG. 12 , bothtools channels 27 through which water and air can pass. As indicated inFIG. 12 , thetools different layers inner layer 28 forms a base structure with a relatively high degree of permeability. Anintermediate layer 29 has a relatively lower permeability and athin surface layer 30 may have an even lower permeability. The tools may advantageously be made of small metal spheres that have been sintered together to form the different layers. As indicated inFIG. 13 , thesurface layer 30 may be formed ofsmall spheres 31 while theintermediate layer 29 may be formed by somewhatlarger metal spheres 32. Thebase structure 28 is formed by thelargest spheres 33. Thesmallest particles 31 may have a diameter in the range of 0.01 mm-0.18 mm while theparticles 32 in theintermediate layer 29 may have a diameter in the range of 0.18 mm-0.25 mm. The larger particles orspheres 33 in the base layer may have a diameter of 0.71 mm-1 mm. Theparticles Poppelgatan 15, 571 39 Nässjö, Sweden. CALLO AB sells a metal powder under thename Callo 25 which is a spherical metal powder with particles having a diameter of 0.09-0.18 mm. The chemical composition is 89% Cu and 11% Sn. Suitable particles can also be obtained from Makin Metal Powders Limited, Buckley Road, Rochdale, Lancashire OL12 9DT England. - The porosity of the
tool 1 may be about 40%. The value of 40% porosity can apply to all layers. Embodiments of the invention can also be envisaged where different layers of the tool have different porosity. - The
smaller spheres 31 form a fine surface layer that contributes to giving the fibre product a smooth surface while theinterior layers channels 27 that pass through the sintered structure may have pointed tips that reach the surface of the tool which improves permeability. - Reference will now be made to
FIG. 16 . In the embodiment ofFIG. 16 , a part 34 of thesurface 25 of thefirst tool 1 has been covered or coated so as to be impermeable or substantially impermeable. On the impermeable spot 34, no layer of fibres will form. Hence, the fibre product will have a hole with a shape corresponding to the impermeable spot 34. The impermeable spot 34 can be achieved by for example painting a part of thesurface 25 or by covering a part of thesurface 25 with a sheet of an impermeable material. It should be understood that this feature (an impermeable spot) is entirely optional and that the invention can be practiced without this optional feature. In terms of a method, it should be understood that the invention can be understood as including the (optional) step of using a tool with an impermeable spot 34. The idea of using a tool with an impermeable spot can be used independently of how the tool, the machine or the method is otherwise designed or performed. - The porous structure provided by the
sintered metal particles tools - The high temperature entails the advantage that an efficient dewatering is achieved. Pressing with a relatively high pressure before the microwave heater (when the fibre product is wet) entails the advantage that good surface properties can be achieved before microwave drying. Therefore, it will not be necessary to press the fibre product after microwave drying which could be harmful to the fibre product. The microwave heating step entails the advantage of improved hygiene. The use of the high temperature also entails the advantage that the surface of the fibre product becomes more compact which is advantageous in view of bending stiffness.
- It should be understood that, in certain embodiments, the microwave heating can be deleted or replaced by some other heating method, for example IR heating.
- It should be understood that the idea of halting the feeding of stock to the
mould 6 during forming can be used independently of how the process is otherwise performed. - The invention also relates to a fibre product that can be obtained by the above described method. In
FIGS. 15A-15C there are shown properties of a moulded product produced in accordance with the invention.FIG. 15A demonstrates that quality aspects (being of importance in many fields where moulded fibre pulp products are used, e.g. the packaging industry) can be remarkably better for the invention in relation to prior art products, e.g. produced by thermo moulding or conventional pulp moulding. It is believed that one reason for the high quality of a product according to the invention is that a high density can be achieved, in the range of 600-900 kg/m3, without causing any weakness in the fibre net work. According to conventional prior art methods densities above 500 would rarely be achieved, without also obtaining at least on quality aspect below a desirable level. As can be seen inFIG. 15C thermo formed pulp products may obtain a level above 500 kg/ m3. However when using thermo forming, which includes hot after pressing, the fibre net work will be partly disrupted that drastically decreases some quality aspects, e.g. tensile index. Especially corners and other areas of the body that presents sharp bends/curves will be negatively affected by such hot after pressing, whereas according to the invention corners and areas having a sharp radius also present substantially the same kind of continuous, homogenous web structure as substantially flat areas of the body, which in turn provides equally good quality aspects in substantially all parts of the product. In advantageous embodiments, the fibre web of the product is of even thickness or substantially even thickness. However, it should be understood that fibre products obtained by the method described may, at least in certain cases, have a density lower than 600 kg/m3 or higher than 900 kg/m3. - A further major advantage according to the invention is that very smooth surfaces on both sides of the body may be produced. Products produced according to the invention may easily obtain a roughness in the range of about 750-1.000 ml/min. (ISO 8791-2, Bendtsen), whereas conventional moulded pulp products at least on one side normally have a roughness well above 1.500 ml/min. It may be mentioned that one of the reasons why conventional products normally present a higher roughness is that most conventional techniques do use a wire mesh to form the surface.
- A further advantage according to the invention is that the product will achieve a high tensile index, normally in the range of 65-100 kNm/kg., which indeed is a significant advantage compared to traditional moulded pulp products. (see
FIG. 15 B) Moreover also a good tear index is achieved. Another advantage is that the bonding strength of the surface layer will be somehow higher than the bonding strength of an intermediate layer near the centre portion of the web forming the body, since the inventive method will achieve a higher amount of bindings between the fibres in the surface layer. As a consequence there is achieved a similar function as with an I-beam, i.e. the stiffness and the bending resistance is improved. - Finally it is of course an advantageous aspect of a product according to the invention that it may be achieved without any after pressing which otherwise will increased production costs and as has been mentioned above also negatively effect the at least some or one quality aspect/s. In
FIG. 15B it is shown that thanks to all of the advantages mentioned above the tensile index for a product produced according to the invention may have high values independent on the shape of the body, whereas according to conventional methods the products will present decreasing tensile index with increasing complexity of the shape of the body. In table 15C there are presented some empirically found average values for two prior art methods, i.e. conventional pulp moulding and thermo forming, in comparison with the invention. As is evident from this table, products according to the invention may have numerous advantages in relation to quality aspects compared with prior art products.
Claims (45)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE0402900A SE528685C2 (en) | 2004-11-26 | 2004-11-26 | Method and machine for making fiber products of stock |
SE0402900-5 | 2004-11-26 | ||
PCT/SE2005/001772 WO2006057610A2 (en) | 2004-11-26 | 2005-11-25 | A method and a machine for making fibre products from stock and a new type of fibre product |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20090142523A1 true US20090142523A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
Family
ID=33538400
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/719,796 Abandoned US20090142523A1 (en) | 2004-11-26 | 2005-11-25 | method and machine for making fibre products from stock and a new type of fibre product |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090142523A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1815066B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4854672B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101295024B1 (en) |
CN (2) | CN2832893Y (en) |
AT (1) | ATE526458T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2005310066B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0518028B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2589465C (en) |
ES (1) | ES2374710T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL1815066T3 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2384664C2 (en) |
SE (1) | SE528685C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006057610A2 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA200704907B (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20090277598A1 (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2009-11-12 | Tomas Jarnmark | Nut Cracker |
CN102359032A (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2012-02-22 | 佛山市绿源纤维模塑科技有限公司 | Device and method for producing plant fiber products |
WO2013106564A1 (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2013-07-18 | Spectra-Kote Corporation | Dual-smooth molded pulp forms and shapes and method of making |
KR101757902B1 (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2017-07-14 | (주)풍년그린텍 | Pulp molding apparatus for egg-packs |
US20200208346A1 (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2020-07-02 | Eth Zurich | Method for producing densified cellulosic composite material |
DE102019116134A1 (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2020-12-17 | Kurtz Gmbh | Method and device for producing a fiber casting |
CN114380006A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2022-04-22 | 维美德技术有限公司 | Conveyor for a production line for moulded fibre products |
US20220178082A1 (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2022-06-09 | Stora Enso Oyj | Method of producing a molded fiber product and molded fiber product |
US20220242015A1 (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2022-08-04 | Zume, Inc. | Systems and methods for producing molded fiber products |
EP4098420A1 (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-12-07 | Rottneros Packaging AB | Compression moulding tool and method for manufacturing a fibrous pulp tray using the tool |
Families Citing this family (38)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE529897C2 (en) | 2006-03-27 | 2007-12-27 | Rottneros Ab | Molded trough |
US20110174676A1 (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2011-07-21 | Joakim Stockhaus | Disposable trays of fibre material coated with a removable film layer |
SE534305C2 (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2011-07-05 | Pakit Int Trading Co Inc | Molding for cellulose pulp comprising a partially machined smooth surface |
CN102725448A (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2012-10-10 | Pakit国际贸易股份有限公司 | A method for applying a barrier on moulded fibrous product and a product produced by said method |
US20190193323A1 (en) * | 2010-06-15 | 2019-06-27 | Pakit International Trading Company Inc. | A method for applying a film on moulded fibrous product and a product produced by said method |
CN103328335A (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2013-09-25 | Pakit国际贸易股份有限公司 | Packaging container |
WO2012033449A1 (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2012-03-15 | Pakit International Trading Company Inc. | Pulp mould arrangement |
CN102776807B (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2014-12-10 | 嵊州市英宝祺电气制造有限公司 | Slurry settling type paper cone molding machine |
CN103452008B (en) | 2013-01-16 | 2016-07-06 | 王高原 | The two-sided paper mould bowl cover without reticulate pattern and manufacture method thereof |
GB2519059B (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2017-07-05 | Hpc Healthline Uk Ltd | A method of manufacturing a moulded pulp object |
JP6510673B2 (en) | 2014-12-22 | 2019-05-08 | セルワイズ・エービー | Tool or tool part, apparatus comprising tool or tool part, method of manufacturing tool or tool part, and method of forming a product from pulp slurry |
EP3081692A1 (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2016-10-19 | Emery Silfurtun Inc | A method and an apparatus for producing products from cellulose fibers |
CN105463946A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-04-06 | 东莞市汇林包装有限公司 | Wall thickness forming control process for pulp molding |
CN105951534A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-09-21 | 湘潭中环纸浆模塑科技有限公司 | Environmentally-friendly energy-saving type multilayer egg tray egg box production line |
US11686050B2 (en) | 2016-07-26 | 2023-06-27 | Footprint International, LLC | Methods, apparatus, and chemical compositions for selectively coating fiber-based food containers |
US11939129B2 (en) | 2016-07-26 | 2024-03-26 | Footprint International, LLC | Methods and apparatus for manufacturing high-strength fiber-based beverage holders |
CN106337312B (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-08-17 | 中山市为客包装制品有限公司 | Paper matrix formation system |
CN106245464B (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-04-17 | 中山市为客包装制品有限公司 | Paper matrix formation system |
CN106320052B (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-03-09 | 中山合利诚纸浆模塑制品有限公司 | Paper matrix formation system |
WO2018152973A1 (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2018-08-30 | 南通中菱绝缘材料有限公司 | Phase change insulating paper drying mechanism and drying method thereof |
CN107268342B (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2018-11-23 | 东北林业大学 | A kind of hot forming tool and hot-press molding method of heavy duty fibre mould pallet |
SE543041C2 (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2020-09-29 | Celwise Ab | Method of producing a pulp product |
BR112021000867A2 (en) | 2018-07-19 | 2021-04-13 | Celwise Ab | METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING A DISPOSABLE DOUBLE WALL STRUCTURE AND FOR FORMING A RECEPTACLE, AND, DOUBLE DISPOSABLE WALL STRUCTURE |
SE544857C2 (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2022-12-13 | Celwise Ab | Sealed package and method of making such a sealed package |
SE543042C2 (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2020-09-29 | Celwise Ab | Tool and method for producing a 3D molded pulp product |
SE543215C2 (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2020-10-27 | Celwise Ab | Device and method for producing a 3D molded pulp product |
WO2020227404A1 (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2020-11-12 | Zume, Inc. | Molded fiber part production lines having high output and reduced cycle times |
CN113811654B (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2023-07-25 | 金箭印刷科技(昆山)有限公司 | Pulp molding process and online intelligent drying equipment thereof |
SE544591C2 (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2022-09-13 | Stora Enso Oyj | Method of producing an imprintable cellulose fiber product and a fiber product |
DE102019127562A1 (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2021-04-15 | Kiefel Gmbh | FIBER MOLDING LINE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MOLDED PARTS FROM ENVIRONMENTALLY COMPATIBLE DEGRADABLE FIBER MATERIAL |
DE102019127557A1 (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2021-04-15 | Kiefel Gmbh | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING MOLDED PARTS FROM ENVIRONMENTALLY COMPATIBLE DEGRADABLE FIBER MATERIAL |
TW202128407A (en) | 2019-11-11 | 2021-08-01 | 美商促美股份有限公司 | Molded fiber product production line utilizing fluid trim operation |
CN114173942A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2022-03-11 | 足迹国际有限责任公司 | Method, apparatus and chemical composition for selectively coating fiber-based food containers |
EP4127317A1 (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2023-02-08 | Materialise NV | Perforated structures and thermoforming |
SE545982C2 (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2024-04-02 | Stora Enso Oyj | A paperboard based material comprising a dispersion coated latex layer and an extrusion coated barrier polyolefin layer for packaging of liquid and food |
AT524245B1 (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2022-05-15 | Payr Engineering Gmbh | Apparatus and method for manufacturing a molded fiber product |
GB2600700B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2023-07-12 | Diageo Great Britain Ltd | A system and method for forming a moulded article |
WO2024008468A1 (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2024-01-11 | Additive Innovation And Manufacturing Sweden Ab | A tool for thermoforming a wet-molded fiber product |
Citations (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2903062A (en) * | 1955-09-16 | 1959-09-08 | Central Fibre Products Company | Pulp-molding dies |
US2981330A (en) * | 1956-12-20 | 1961-04-25 | Diamond National Corp | Pulp molding die |
US3250839A (en) * | 1964-06-30 | 1966-05-10 | Hawley Products Co | Process for making fibrous articles |
US3284284A (en) * | 1964-03-12 | 1966-11-08 | Diamond Int Corp | Controlled deposition pulp molding method and apparatus |
US3510394A (en) * | 1965-01-25 | 1970-05-05 | Conwed Corp | Production of water-laid felted mineral fiber panels including use of flocculating agent |
US3624806A (en) * | 1969-03-04 | 1971-11-30 | Hartmann As Brdr | Method of heat treating by convection objects, such as flat individual blanks, molded pulp articles or continuous webs or threads, for example for plastic fibers, and a kiln for use in the method |
US3645320A (en) * | 1970-07-20 | 1972-02-29 | Universal Refractories Corp | Apparatus for vacuum forming hot top bottom rings |
US3850793A (en) * | 1973-03-23 | 1974-11-26 | Center For Management Services | Molding machine for producing uniform pulp products |
US3870777A (en) * | 1972-11-02 | 1975-03-11 | California Cement Shake Co | Cementitious roofing and siding production |
US3932096A (en) * | 1974-06-10 | 1976-01-13 | Walter Kartman | Mold for thermoforming plastic sheet material |
US4125351A (en) * | 1976-03-24 | 1978-11-14 | Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the production of a forming tool from reactive resins with fillers, and forming tool |
US4203936A (en) * | 1976-12-27 | 1980-05-20 | The Bendix Corporation | Water slurry process for manufacturing phenolic resin bonded friction materials |
US4247990A (en) * | 1975-04-09 | 1981-02-03 | Valmet Oy Per-Erik Ohls | Method for controlling the moisture content of a web of sheet material |
US4272318A (en) * | 1978-01-23 | 1981-06-09 | Process Scientific Innovations Limited | Apparatus for making filter elements for gas or liquid |
US4683028A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1987-07-28 | Vernon And Company (Pulp Products) Limited | Moulding |
US5338169A (en) * | 1990-11-05 | 1994-08-16 | The C. A. Lawton Company | Apparatus for making preforms |
US5364258A (en) * | 1990-07-12 | 1994-11-15 | C.A. Lawton Company | Apparatus for making structural reinforcement preforms including energetic basting of reinforcement members |
US5399243A (en) * | 1992-03-06 | 1995-03-21 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Pulp molding die for molding shaped pulp articles, method, apparatus, and shaped pulp article |
US5431784A (en) * | 1992-03-06 | 1995-07-11 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Pulp mold, a method, and a molding apparatus for producing fiber bodies, and a molded fiber body |
US5641449A (en) * | 1995-09-15 | 1997-06-24 | Owens; Thomas L. | Method and apparatus for high-speed drying and consolidating of structural fiberboard |
US6203179B1 (en) * | 1996-02-08 | 2001-03-20 | Lamps Plus, Inc. | Swing arm lamp with display unit |
US6249772B1 (en) * | 1997-07-08 | 2001-06-19 | Walker Digital, Llc | Systems and methods wherein a buyer purchases a product at a first price and acquires the product from a merchant that offers the product for sale at a second price |
US20010035275A1 (en) * | 1999-08-30 | 2001-11-01 | Regale Corporation | Mold with integral screen and method for making mold and apparatus and method for using the mold |
US20030010462A1 (en) * | 2000-02-17 | 2003-01-16 | Akira Nonomura | Method of manufacturing pulp mold formed body |
US6517684B1 (en) * | 1999-02-02 | 2003-02-11 | Brodrene Hartmann A/S | Method of producing moulded pulp articles with a high content of dry matter |
US6605187B1 (en) * | 1999-11-17 | 2003-08-12 | Kao Corporation | Method for producing pulp molded article |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3153322B2 (en) * | 1992-03-27 | 2001-04-09 | 株式会社ウツヰ | Manufacturing method of papermaking container |
JPH0742100A (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1995-02-10 | Honshu Paper Co Ltd | Production of pulp mold |
JPH0770997A (en) * | 1993-09-03 | 1995-03-14 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Papermaking mold for fiber molded article and its production |
SE505220C2 (en) * | 1995-12-15 | 1997-07-14 | Celtec Dev Ab | Method and apparatus for making a fiber product |
JPH09195200A (en) * | 1996-01-25 | 1997-07-29 | Noritake Co Ltd | Papermaking mold for pulp fiber molded form, molding for pulp fiber molded form, and pulp fiber molded form |
JP3550468B2 (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 2004-08-04 | 大石産業株式会社 | Mold product paper making equipment |
JPH10195800A (en) * | 1996-12-27 | 1998-07-28 | Saito Tekkosho:Kk | Production of fibrous thick molding product and apparatus therefor |
WO2000058556A1 (en) * | 1999-03-26 | 2000-10-05 | Kao Corporation | Paper making mold for pulp mold molding production and method and device for producing pulp mold molding |
JP2002088699A (en) * | 2000-09-08 | 2002-03-27 | Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd | Method for producing pulp molded product |
JP4070439B2 (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2008-04-02 | 花王株式会社 | Method for producing exothermic molded body |
JP3862544B2 (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2006-12-27 | 花王株式会社 | Male mold for fiber molding production |
JP3693991B2 (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2005-09-14 | 花王株式会社 | Pulp mold container |
JP4601382B2 (en) * | 2004-10-13 | 2010-12-22 | 花王株式会社 | Manufacturing method of fiber molded body |
-
2004
- 2004-11-26 SE SE0402900A patent/SE528685C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2005
- 2005-05-23 CN CNU2005200197073U patent/CN2832893Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-11-25 ES ES05813364T patent/ES2374710T3/en active Active
- 2005-11-25 JP JP2007542983A patent/JP4854672B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-11-25 BR BRPI0518028A patent/BRPI0518028B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-11-25 WO PCT/SE2005/001772 patent/WO2006057610A2/en active Application Filing
- 2005-11-25 US US11/719,796 patent/US20090142523A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-11-25 RU RU2007119429/12A patent/RU2384664C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-11-25 CN CN2005800472779A patent/CN101111640B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-11-25 AU AU2005310066A patent/AU2005310066B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-11-25 ZA ZA200704907A patent/ZA200704907B/en unknown
- 2005-11-25 KR KR1020077014547A patent/KR101295024B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2005-11-25 CA CA2589465A patent/CA2589465C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-11-25 AT AT05813364T patent/ATE526458T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-11-25 PL PL05813364T patent/PL1815066T3/en unknown
- 2005-11-25 EP EP05813364A patent/EP1815066B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Patent Citations (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2903062A (en) * | 1955-09-16 | 1959-09-08 | Central Fibre Products Company | Pulp-molding dies |
US2981330A (en) * | 1956-12-20 | 1961-04-25 | Diamond National Corp | Pulp molding die |
US3284284A (en) * | 1964-03-12 | 1966-11-08 | Diamond Int Corp | Controlled deposition pulp molding method and apparatus |
US3250839A (en) * | 1964-06-30 | 1966-05-10 | Hawley Products Co | Process for making fibrous articles |
US3510394A (en) * | 1965-01-25 | 1970-05-05 | Conwed Corp | Production of water-laid felted mineral fiber panels including use of flocculating agent |
US3624806A (en) * | 1969-03-04 | 1971-11-30 | Hartmann As Brdr | Method of heat treating by convection objects, such as flat individual blanks, molded pulp articles or continuous webs or threads, for example for plastic fibers, and a kiln for use in the method |
US3645320A (en) * | 1970-07-20 | 1972-02-29 | Universal Refractories Corp | Apparatus for vacuum forming hot top bottom rings |
US3870777A (en) * | 1972-11-02 | 1975-03-11 | California Cement Shake Co | Cementitious roofing and siding production |
US3850793A (en) * | 1973-03-23 | 1974-11-26 | Center For Management Services | Molding machine for producing uniform pulp products |
US3932096A (en) * | 1974-06-10 | 1976-01-13 | Walter Kartman | Mold for thermoforming plastic sheet material |
US4247990A (en) * | 1975-04-09 | 1981-02-03 | Valmet Oy Per-Erik Ohls | Method for controlling the moisture content of a web of sheet material |
US4125351A (en) * | 1976-03-24 | 1978-11-14 | Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the production of a forming tool from reactive resins with fillers, and forming tool |
US4203936A (en) * | 1976-12-27 | 1980-05-20 | The Bendix Corporation | Water slurry process for manufacturing phenolic resin bonded friction materials |
US4272318A (en) * | 1978-01-23 | 1981-06-09 | Process Scientific Innovations Limited | Apparatus for making filter elements for gas or liquid |
US4683028A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1987-07-28 | Vernon And Company (Pulp Products) Limited | Moulding |
US5364258A (en) * | 1990-07-12 | 1994-11-15 | C.A. Lawton Company | Apparatus for making structural reinforcement preforms including energetic basting of reinforcement members |
US5338169A (en) * | 1990-11-05 | 1994-08-16 | The C. A. Lawton Company | Apparatus for making preforms |
US5399243A (en) * | 1992-03-06 | 1995-03-21 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Pulp molding die for molding shaped pulp articles, method, apparatus, and shaped pulp article |
US5431784A (en) * | 1992-03-06 | 1995-07-11 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Pulp mold, a method, and a molding apparatus for producing fiber bodies, and a molded fiber body |
US5641449A (en) * | 1995-09-15 | 1997-06-24 | Owens; Thomas L. | Method and apparatus for high-speed drying and consolidating of structural fiberboard |
US6203179B1 (en) * | 1996-02-08 | 2001-03-20 | Lamps Plus, Inc. | Swing arm lamp with display unit |
US6249772B1 (en) * | 1997-07-08 | 2001-06-19 | Walker Digital, Llc | Systems and methods wherein a buyer purchases a product at a first price and acquires the product from a merchant that offers the product for sale at a second price |
US6517684B1 (en) * | 1999-02-02 | 2003-02-11 | Brodrene Hartmann A/S | Method of producing moulded pulp articles with a high content of dry matter |
US20010035275A1 (en) * | 1999-08-30 | 2001-11-01 | Regale Corporation | Mold with integral screen and method for making mold and apparatus and method for using the mold |
US6582562B2 (en) * | 1999-08-30 | 2003-06-24 | Regale Corporation | Mold with integral screen and method for making mold and apparatus and method for using the mold |
US6605187B1 (en) * | 1999-11-17 | 2003-08-12 | Kao Corporation | Method for producing pulp molded article |
US20030010462A1 (en) * | 2000-02-17 | 2003-01-16 | Akira Nonomura | Method of manufacturing pulp mold formed body |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20090277598A1 (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2009-11-12 | Tomas Jarnmark | Nut Cracker |
CN102359032A (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2012-02-22 | 佛山市绿源纤维模塑科技有限公司 | Device and method for producing plant fiber products |
WO2013106564A1 (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2013-07-18 | Spectra-Kote Corporation | Dual-smooth molded pulp forms and shapes and method of making |
KR101757902B1 (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2017-07-14 | (주)풍년그린텍 | Pulp molding apparatus for egg-packs |
US20200208346A1 (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2020-07-02 | Eth Zurich | Method for producing densified cellulosic composite material |
US20220178082A1 (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2022-06-09 | Stora Enso Oyj | Method of producing a molded fiber product and molded fiber product |
US20220242015A1 (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2022-08-04 | Zume, Inc. | Systems and methods for producing molded fiber products |
DE102019116134A1 (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2020-12-17 | Kurtz Gmbh | Method and device for producing a fiber casting |
CN114380006A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2022-04-22 | 维美德技术有限公司 | Conveyor for a production line for moulded fibre products |
EP4098420A1 (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-12-07 | Rottneros Packaging AB | Compression moulding tool and method for manufacturing a fibrous pulp tray using the tool |
WO2022253491A1 (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-12-08 | Rottneros Packaging Ab | Compression moulding tool and method for manufacturing a fibrous pulp tray using the tool |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20070104536A (en) | 2007-10-26 |
SE528685C2 (en) | 2007-01-23 |
WO2006057610A3 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
JP2008522045A (en) | 2008-06-26 |
JP4854672B2 (en) | 2012-01-18 |
ES2374710T3 (en) | 2012-02-21 |
CN101111640A (en) | 2008-01-23 |
CN101111640B (en) | 2013-06-26 |
CN2832893Y (en) | 2006-11-01 |
SE0402900L (en) | 2006-05-27 |
ATE526458T1 (en) | 2011-10-15 |
PL1815066T3 (en) | 2012-02-29 |
ZA200704907B (en) | 2008-09-25 |
EP1815066B1 (en) | 2011-09-28 |
EP1815066A2 (en) | 2007-08-08 |
RU2384664C2 (en) | 2010-03-20 |
KR101295024B1 (en) | 2013-08-09 |
RU2007119429A (en) | 2009-01-10 |
SE0402900D0 (en) | 2004-11-26 |
BRPI0518028B1 (en) | 2017-03-07 |
CA2589465C (en) | 2013-06-25 |
AU2005310066A1 (en) | 2006-06-01 |
CA2589465A1 (en) | 2006-06-01 |
WO2006057610A2 (en) | 2006-06-01 |
BRPI0518028A (en) | 2008-11-04 |
AU2005310066B2 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1815066B1 (en) | A method and a machine for making fibre products from stock | |
JP4039908B2 (en) | Pulp mold heat insulation container, manufacturing method and apparatus thereof | |
WO2022138563A1 (en) | Pulp molded formed-article and method for manufacturing same | |
WO2023013642A1 (en) | Pulp molded article and method for producing same | |
CN113272495A (en) | Pickup press apparatus and method for producing 3D molded products from pulp slurry | |
FI67050B (en) | SAETT ATT FRAMSTAELLA FIBERPLATTOR | |
JP2000034700A (en) | Production of papermaking molded product and production system therefor | |
WO2023145458A1 (en) | Molded pulp product | |
EP1439264B1 (en) | Pulp molded article and method and apparatus for producing pulp molded article | |
JP2004204397A (en) | Molded pulp product | |
WO2023248833A1 (en) | Pulp mold molded article | |
WO2023145541A1 (en) | Molded pulp product | |
WO2023248786A1 (en) | Molded pulp product | |
JP7248176B2 (en) | Pulp molded product and its manufacturing method | |
WO2023145457A1 (en) | Pulp mold molded product | |
JP7248175B2 (en) | Pulp molded product and its manufacturing method | |
WO2023013641A1 (en) | Molded pulp product and method for manufacturing same | |
JP2001048151A (en) | Pulp mold molding | |
MOWED | PULP'PRODUCTS | |
JP2007291600A (en) | Molded pulp product |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: PAKIT INTERNATIONAL TRADING COMPANY INC., BARBADOS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:NILSSON, BJORN;GRAFFTON, LARS;BASKMAN, LEIF;REEL/FRAME:019528/0989 Effective date: 20070530 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: PAKIT INTERNATIONAL TRADING COMPANY INC., BARBADOS Free format text: CHANGE OF ADDRESS;ASSIGNOR:PAKIT INTERNATIONAL TRADING COMPANY INC.;REEL/FRAME:021805/0164 Effective date: 20081010 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: PAKIT, INC., BRITISH COLUMBIA Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:PAKIT INTERNATIONAL TRADING COMPANY INC;REEL/FRAME:028275/0546 Effective date: 20120515 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |