US20060248538A1 - Xml interfaces in unified rendering - Google Patents
Xml interfaces in unified rendering Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20060248538A1 US20060248538A1 US10/529,638 US52963805A US2006248538A1 US 20060248538 A1 US20060248538 A1 US 20060248538A1 US 52963805 A US52963805 A US 52963805A US 2006248538 A1 US2006248538 A1 US 2006248538A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/36—Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
- G06F11/3604—Software analysis for verifying properties of programs
- G06F11/3608—Software analysis for verifying properties of programs using formal methods, e.g. model checking, abstract interpretation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/22—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing
- G06F11/2294—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing by remote test
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F8/00—Arrangements for software engineering
- G06F8/40—Transformation of program code
- G06F8/41—Compilation
- G06F8/43—Checking; Contextual analysis
- G06F8/436—Semantic checking
Definitions
- the invention relates in general to programmable electronic multipurpose computers.
- Scripting languages such as JavaScript and Perl
- JavaScript and Perl can be used to program applications to be run on computer systems. Correctness of the programmed scripting code is desirable, as with any computer programming in general.
- a program can be checked or validated prior to use to reduce errors occurring during runtime of the code. It is an object of the invention to reduce the number of errors in computer code. Therefore, the invention provides for a computer implemented method for validation of computer code according to claim 1 . By validating both sets of instructions with the script code used, the number of errors will be reduced.
- a computer program can be defined in design documentation and specifications. From this starting point an actual implementation can be coded using a suitable programming language.
- the coding is done using a two-component interface-classes model, and a script coded section.
- Non-limiting examples of such programming languages are compiler languages and object oriented programming languages.
- compiler languages such as for example Modula-2
- object oriented programming languages such as for example Java, C++, C#, and Modula-3
- the components are implemented as interfaces and classes, wherein interfaces are equivalent to definition modules and classes are equivalent to implementation modules.
- the script-coded section can be programmed using any suitable script language, such as for example JavaScript and Perl.
- Interfaces in object-oriented programming are used for several purposes. To function for example as a record of promises (with respect to functionality) given by one (“provider”) class. This fact is used to verify automatically during compilation whether a second “customer” object is relying on features of a class that have not been promised. Also the interface is used to verify whether the actual implementation of the provider class keeps all its promises.
- Interfaces enable modern compiler languages to verify the availability of the method during compilation, eliminating this failure mode with the associated debugging effort.
- Another example is that can be checked whether a method of an object is called in the code that is not present in the interface. This would lead in the compiled code during runtime to errors. By checking the interface, this can be caught at the outset, eliminating this failure mode during runtime.
- a program is programmed in object oriented style using two separate tree structures, written in XML, wherein the first tree structure represents the classes to be implemented and the second tree structure represents the associated interfaces.
- the invention is not limited to the implementation shown in this example, and that any programming implementation yielding a set of classes/definitions and interfaces/implementations can be employed.
- Based on this tree structures in XML executable programs can be generated, for example using Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) or Apache Velocity.
- XSL defines the code using two parts; a language for transforming XML documents, and an XML vocabulary for specifying formatting semantics.
- An XSL style sheet specifies the presentation of a class of XML documents by describing how an instance of the class is transformed into an XML document that uses the formatting vocabulary. On the XML level a syntax check is performed between the interface description and the implementation class description.
- executable programs can be generated for different platforms, for example ABAP, Net and JavaScript.
- the executable code generated does implement classes and interfaces, such as is the case with ABAP and .Net
- the validity of that code can be verified with a compiler program that performs the usage and implementation checks at the semantics level.
- executable program code is generated from the interface description and from the implementation class description. The thus generated code can then use or call the script coded section when needed.
- the generation of executable programs in script languages is done by first generating an intermediate code, using a language that supports classes and interfaces.
- the intermediate code used can be Java, with implementation for interfaces and classes.
- the validity of these interfaces and classes is then proved using methods as described above, i.e. using a compiler that performs the usage and implementation checks at the semantics level. This can be done for example by comparing the resulting interfaces with the classes obtained.
- a successful validation of the Java code means that the original XML code is correct for at least the interface and classes definition.
- the script code section is checked by running it trough an interpreter. This can be for example a JavaScript interpreter if the script code is written in JavaScript.
- interpreters or parsers are known per se in the art.
- the interpreter yields at least a symbol table including various elements, such as for example variables, used by the script code.
- the information included in the symbol table is compared to the original XML implementation description. From this comparison can be derived whether the script code is compatible with the implementation description. If the script code is validated accordingly, executable code generated from the sets of definition and implementation instructions, is validated for use with the script code. Thus validated, the number of runtime errors is reduced.
- two separate tree structures are provided for, together with a script code section.
- the first tree structure describes interfaces, while the second tree structure describes content in the form of classes for a HTML document.
- the script code section provides functionality for the HTML document, such as for example scrolling of text.
- the tree structures can be programmed for example in XML, and the script code section can be programmed in JavaScript.
- the invention further relates to a program storage device readable by a computer system, embodying a program of instructions executable by the computer system to perform any method according to the invention.
- a program storage device readable by a computer system, embodying a program of instructions executable by the computer system to perform any method according to the invention.
Abstract
Description
- The invention relates in general to programmable electronic multipurpose computers.
- Scripting languages, such as JavaScript and Perl, can be used to program applications to be run on computer systems. Correctness of the programmed scripting code is desirable, as with any computer programming in general. A program can be checked or validated prior to use to reduce errors occurring during runtime of the code. It is an object of the invention to reduce the number of errors in computer code. Therefore, the invention provides for a computer implemented method for validation of computer code according to claim 1. By validating both sets of instructions with the script code used, the number of errors will be reduced.
- Objects, aspects and advantages of the invention will be better understood from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
- A computer program can be defined in design documentation and specifications. From this starting point an actual implementation can be coded using a suitable programming language.
- According to the invention the coding is done using a two-component interface-classes model, and a script coded section. Non-limiting examples of such programming languages are compiler languages and object oriented programming languages. In compiler languages, such as for example Modula-2, these components are implemented as definition modules and implementation modules. In object oriented programming languages, such as for example Java, C++, C#, and Modula-3, the components are implemented as interfaces and classes, wherein interfaces are equivalent to definition modules and classes are equivalent to implementation modules. The script-coded section can be programmed using any suitable script language, such as for example JavaScript and Perl.
- Interfaces in object-oriented programming are used for several purposes. To function for example as a record of promises (with respect to functionality) given by one (“provider”) class. This fact is used to verify automatically during compilation whether a second “customer” object is relying on features of a class that have not been promised. Also the interface is used to verify whether the actual implementation of the provider class keeps all its promises.
- This allows inspection of the code during compilation and to test or validate whether errors with respect to these fundamentals would occur during runtime. For example methods that are offered by the object can be checked, as well as compliance of object classes with the respective interfaces. If errors are found these can be reported during compilation, so that the errors in the source code can be corrected. Thus runtime errors are reduced in the compiled code.
- For example, if an interface promises the availability of a certain method but the method is not present in the implementation, a “customer” of that method would fail at latest at run time. Interfaces enable modern compiler languages to verify the availability of the method during compilation, eliminating this failure mode with the associated debugging effort.
- Another example is that can be checked whether a method of an object is called in the code that is not present in the interface. This would lead in the compiled code during runtime to errors. By checking the interface, this can be caught at the outset, eliminating this failure mode during runtime.
- In one embodiment of the invention, a program is programmed in object oriented style using two separate tree structures, written in XML, wherein the first tree structure represents the classes to be implemented and the second tree structure represents the associated interfaces. Note that the invention is not limited to the implementation shown in this example, and that any programming implementation yielding a set of classes/definitions and interfaces/implementations can be employed. Based on this tree structures in XML executable programs can be generated, for example using Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) or Apache Velocity. XSL defines the code using two parts; a language for transforming XML documents, and an XML vocabulary for specifying formatting semantics. An XSL style sheet specifies the presentation of a class of XML documents by describing how an instance of the class is transformed into an XML document that uses the formatting vocabulary. On the XML level a syntax check is performed between the interface description and the implementation class description.
- Using this method executable programs can be generated for different platforms, for example ABAP, Net and JavaScript. In case the executable code generated does implement classes and interfaces, such as is the case with ABAP and .Net, the validity of that code can be verified with a compiler program that performs the usage and implementation checks at the semantics level. Then executable program code is generated from the interface description and from the implementation class description. The thus generated code can then use or call the script coded section when needed.
- In this example, the generation of executable programs in script languages, such as for example JavaScript is done by first generating an intermediate code, using a language that supports classes and interfaces. In this example, the intermediate code used can be Java, with implementation for interfaces and classes. The validity of these interfaces and classes is then proved using methods as described above, i.e. using a compiler that performs the usage and implementation checks at the semantics level. This can be done for example by comparing the resulting interfaces with the classes obtained. A successful validation of the Java code means that the original XML code is correct for at least the interface and classes definition. Further the script code section is checked by running it trough an interpreter. This can be for example a JavaScript interpreter if the script code is written in JavaScript. Such interpreters or parsers are known per se in the art. The interpreter yields at least a symbol table including various elements, such as for example variables, used by the script code. The information included in the symbol table is compared to the original XML implementation description. From this comparison can be derived whether the script code is compatible with the implementation description. If the script code is validated accordingly, executable code generated from the sets of definition and implementation instructions, is validated for use with the script code. Thus validated, the number of runtime errors is reduced.
- In a further embodiment of the invention, two separate tree structures are provided for, together with a script code section. The first tree structure describes interfaces, while the second tree structure describes content in the form of classes for a HTML document. The script code section provides functionality for the HTML document, such as for example scrolling of text. The tree structures can be programmed for example in XML, and the script code section can be programmed in JavaScript.
- The invention further relates to a program storage device readable by a computer system, embodying a program of instructions executable by the computer system to perform any method according to the invention. As this invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit of essential characteristics thereof, the present embodiment is therefore illustrative and not restrictive, since the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than by the description preceding them, and all changes that fall within the metes and bounds of the claims, or equivalence of such metes and bounds thereof are therefore intended to be embraced by the claims.
Claims (21)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02022042.2 | 2002-10-01 | ||
EP02022042A EP1406166B1 (en) | 2002-10-01 | 2002-10-01 | Validation of scripting languages with interfaces using annotations in XML |
PCT/EP2003/010442 WO2004031946A1 (en) | 2002-10-01 | 2003-09-18 | Xml interfaces in unified rendering |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20060248538A1 true US20060248538A1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
Family
ID=31985034
Family Applications (2)
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US10/529,638 Abandoned US20060248538A1 (en) | 2002-10-01 | 2003-09-18 | Xml interfaces in unified rendering |
US10/676,825 Active 2026-03-27 US7584457B2 (en) | 2002-10-01 | 2003-09-30 | Validating programs |
Family Applications After (1)
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US10/676,825 Active 2026-03-27 US7584457B2 (en) | 2002-10-01 | 2003-09-30 | Validating programs |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20060248538A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1406166B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE516537T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003275972A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004031946A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
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US20040128612A1 (en) * | 2002-10-09 | 2004-07-01 | Josef Dietl | Hybrid digital signature workflow |
US20040143627A1 (en) * | 2002-10-29 | 2004-07-22 | Josef Dietl | Selecting a renderer |
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ATE516537T1 (en) * | 2002-10-01 | 2011-07-15 | Sap Ag | TESTING SCRIPTING LANGUAGES WITH INTERFACES USING ANNOTATIONS IN XML |
US7454660B1 (en) * | 2003-10-13 | 2008-11-18 | Sap Ag | System and method for testing applications at the business layer |
WO2006043012A1 (en) * | 2004-10-22 | 2006-04-27 | New Technology/Enterprise Limited | Data processing system and method |
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US8020141B2 (en) | 2004-12-06 | 2011-09-13 | Microsoft Corporation | Operating-system process construction |
US7451435B2 (en) * | 2004-12-07 | 2008-11-11 | Microsoft Corporation | Self-describing artifacts and application abstractions |
US7600232B2 (en) * | 2004-12-07 | 2009-10-06 | Microsoft Corporation | Inter-process communications employing bi-directional message conduits |
US8849968B2 (en) * | 2005-06-20 | 2014-09-30 | Microsoft Corporation | Secure and stable hosting of third-party extensions to web services |
US7673231B2 (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2010-03-02 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | Optimized markup language processing using repeated structures in markup language source |
US20070028217A1 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-01 | Microsoft Corporation | Testing software using verification data defined independently of the testing code |
US8074231B2 (en) | 2005-10-26 | 2011-12-06 | Microsoft Corporation | Configuration of isolated extensions and device drivers |
US20070094495A1 (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2007-04-26 | Microsoft Corporation | Statically Verifiable Inter-Process-Communicative Isolated Processes |
US8032898B2 (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2011-10-04 | Microsoft Corporation | Kernel interface with categorized kernel objects |
US20080222463A1 (en) * | 2007-03-05 | 2008-09-11 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Apparatus, method and product for testing communications components |
US8789063B2 (en) | 2007-03-30 | 2014-07-22 | Microsoft Corporation | Master and subordinate operating system kernels for heterogeneous multiprocessor systems |
US9575878B2 (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2017-02-21 | International Business Machines Corporation | Data-driven testing without data configuration |
US8566551B2 (en) | 2010-05-28 | 2013-10-22 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Information apparatus and method for controlling the same |
US9240965B2 (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2016-01-19 | Sap Se | Methods and systems for business interaction monitoring for networked business process |
US8438272B2 (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2013-05-07 | Sap Ag | Methods and systems for managing quality of services for network participants in a networked business process |
US8560636B2 (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2013-10-15 | Sap Ag | Methods and systems for providing a virtual network process context for network participant processes in a networked business process |
US9841956B2 (en) | 2011-01-31 | 2017-12-12 | Sap Se | User interface style guide compliance reporting |
US9052845B2 (en) | 2011-01-31 | 2015-06-09 | Sap Se | Unified interface for meta model checking, modifying, and reporting |
US9459846B2 (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2016-10-04 | Sap Se | User interface style guide compliance |
US20120198367A1 (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-02 | Sap Ag | User interface style guide compliance forecasting |
US20120221967A1 (en) * | 2011-02-25 | 2012-08-30 | Sabrina Kwan | Dashboard object validation |
US9128886B2 (en) | 2011-12-20 | 2015-09-08 | Sap Se | Computer implemented method, computer system, electronic interface, mobile computing device and computer readable medium |
US9411665B2 (en) | 2012-09-05 | 2016-08-09 | Sap Se | Messaging infrastructure integration |
US8745594B1 (en) | 2013-05-10 | 2014-06-03 | Technobasics Software Inc. | Program flow specification language and system |
US11593249B2 (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2023-02-28 | Oracle International Corporation | Scalable points-to analysis via multiple slicing |
US10783007B2 (en) | 2018-10-01 | 2020-09-22 | Sap Se | Load distribution for integration scenarios |
US10747658B2 (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2020-08-18 | Paypal, Inc. | Systems and methods for testing online use-case scenarios in a staging environment |
US10715388B2 (en) | 2018-12-10 | 2020-07-14 | Sap Se | Using a container orchestration service for dynamic routing |
DE102020130022A1 (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2022-05-19 | Festo Se & Co. Kg | Checking the compatibility of a process module to be newly integrated in an automation system |
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2003
- 2003-09-18 US US10/529,638 patent/US20060248538A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-09-18 AU AU2003275972A patent/AU2003275972A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7584457B2 (en) | 2009-09-01 |
EP1406166A1 (en) | 2004-04-07 |
WO2004031946A1 (en) | 2004-04-15 |
AU2003275972A1 (en) | 2004-04-23 |
EP1406166B1 (en) | 2011-07-13 |
US20040123273A1 (en) | 2004-06-24 |
ATE516537T1 (en) | 2011-07-15 |
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