DE102012105037B4 - Non-contact energy transfer device, printed circuit board with a primary coil arrangement and a charging station - Google Patents

Abstract

Apparatus for contactless energy transmission with a primary coil arrangement (1) and a secondary coil arrangement (2) inductively coupled thereto, wherein the secondary coil arrangement (2) can be arranged on a vehicle having an energy storage unit and the primary coil arrangement (1) of an energy source, such as a public or non-public power grid, can be assigned, wherein the primary coil assembly (1) on a first circuit board (7) and the secondary coil assembly (2) on a second circuit board (7 ') is arranged, wherein a power electronics (13, 13') for operating the device on the primary coil assembly (1) and / or the secondary coil arrangement (2) having printed circuit board (7, 7 ') applied or embedded in a between two outer layers (10, 11, 10', 11 ') of the respective printed circuit board (7, 7') inner layer (12 , 12 ') is arranged, and wherein components of the power electronics directly as Kupferschich are formed while electrical or electronic components are imprinted by means of special pastes on the surface or in hidden layers.

Description

The present invention relates to a device for non-contact power transmission with a primary coil assembly and a inductively coupled secondary coil assembly according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method of operating such a device, a primary coil assembly for such a device, a secondary coil assembly for such a device and a Vehicle with such a secondary coil arrangement.

The WO 2010/093997 A1 and the WO 2008/035248 A2 show devices for contactless energy transfer.

In the DE 40 23 792 C2 a method for producing a proximity switch with mounting height is described.

The EP 2 146 375 A1 shows a semiconductor module. In the US 2008/0029890 A1 a method of manufacturing a semiconductor chip is disclosed. In the US Pat. No. 6,839,963 B1 a method of manufacturing an IC chip is shown.

The DE 20 2004 016 751 U1 shows a transponder system for contactless energy transfer.

In the US 5,821,731 A a connection system for charging a car battery is shown. US 2010/0117596 A1 shows a battery charging system for contactless charging a vehicle battery.

Devices and methods are used for non-contact charging of an energy storage unit of an electrically driven vehicle, such as a passenger car, a truck, a bicycle, a two-wheeled motor vehicle (motorcycle, scooter or the like), a tricycle motor vehicle (trikes or the like), an aircraft or a watercraft. They usually have a primary coil and a secondary coil, which are each arranged in a plate-shaped housing and can be arranged opposite one another such that an energy storage unit connected to the secondary coil can be charged by means of the method of mutual induction. The primary coil is connected to an energy source, such as a public power grid.

For optimized energy transfer, it is necessary that the plate-shaped housings of the primary coil and the secondary coil are arranged substantially opposite one another in two mutually parallel planes, that the inductive coupling between the primary and secondary coil is optimized.

The principle of non-contact energy transfer is realized preferably by means of the principle of mutual induction, in which a current change in the coil of the primary coil system, a change in the flow through the coil of the secondary coil system in which then a voltage is generated, is effected. If the magnetic flux generated by the primary coil penetrates the secondary coil, a magnetic coupling of the two coil systems occurs.

In this case, the secondary coil is preferably arranged in an area of the vehicle and the primary coil in an area outside the vehicle, such as a floor, wall or ceiling area of a garage or a parking space or a parking space of the vehicle.

Known devices or discretely wound coil systems consist of a copper wire, which is arranged around a winding body for the formation of coil windings, said coils are known to have a height or thickness of about at least 1.5 cm to 2 cm. Further electrical components and / or circuits required for the overall system must be arranged externally on this coil system using a defined designed wiring.

Accordingly, it is the object of the present invention to provide a device according to claim 1, which has a compact design and ensures a safe and reliable energy transfer from a primary to a secondary coil assembly.

This object is achieved by the present invention by means of a device having the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the subclaims.

The invention provides a device for contactless energy transmission with a primary coil arrangement and a secondary coil arrangement inductively coupled thereto, wherein the secondary coil arrangement can be arranged on a vehicle having an energy storage unit and the primary coil arrangement can be assigned to an energy source, such as a public or non-public power grid, and wherein Primary coil assembly is disposed on a first circuit board and / or the secondary coil assembly on a second circuit board.

For energy transfer itself, it is necessary that at least the primary coil assembly and the secondary coil arrangement are arranged substantially one above the other in two mutually parallel spaced planes.

In this case, the secondary coil arrangement is arranged in an area of the vehicle and the primary coil arrangement in an outer area of the vehicle, such as a floor, wall or ceiling area of a garage or a parking space or a parking space of the vehicle.

The circuit board of a primary coil arrangement and / or secondary coil arrangement has a coil as a printed conductor structure on a printed circuit board material, wherein the coil is preferably formed as a planar coil. The entire height of the circuit board-based coil system is only a maximum of 1.2 cm to 1.5 cm, so that the primary coil assembly and / or secondary coil assembly is advantageously reduced in thickness or height.

Consequently, the device according to the invention is characterized by a primary coil arrangement and / or a secondary coil arrangement having printed circuit board and the planar coils arranged therein by an extremely flat design, a mechanical robustness and a low weight. In addition, such board-based devices, in contrast to the known devices, can be manufactured cost-reduced with existing interconnect production processes, without having to perform a substantially process-unsecure winding of the wire on the bobbin.

Furthermore, additional components required for the overall system, such as, for example, surface-mounted components (SMD) and / or through-hole-wired components (THTs), can be advantageously used. H. For example, electrical or electronic components, such as resistors, transistors. Capacitors, relays, etc. are integrated into the printed circuit board (s). This can be done, for example, after the circuit board containing the coil has been manufactured by means of the available circuit board technologies by arranging and soldering or wiring the components on an outer layer (layer) of the circuit board; or also during the production of the printed circuit board itself, so that said components are applied or integrated, for example, on an inner layer of the printed circuit board. Consequently, it is possible for the devices to be formed directly as a copper layer structure while, for example, resistors are printed on the surface or in the hidden layers by means of special pastes, thereby saving not only components but also their assembly. It is also conceivable that circuits are placed directly on or in the circuit boards (chip on board / chip in board), which are bonded directly to the board and protected by, for example, a drop of synthetic resin.

As a result, the entire power electronics for operating the device according to the invention can be applied to the printed circuit board having the primary coil arrangement and / or the secondary coil arrangement or can be arranged therein, in particular in an inner layer embedded between two outer layers of the respective printed circuit board. So it is no longer necessary separate wiring of the power electronics.

The printed circuit board therefore preferably has a multiplicity of layers arranged one above the other, the primary coil arrangement and / or the secondary coil arrangement and possibly also further electrical or electronic components being arranged in or on an inner layer enclosed by at least two outer layers or being integrated in this inner layer.

According to another aspect, at least one of the planar coils has at least two winding areas. The winding of this planar coil, which can be embodied, for example, in a round or oval shape or else in an angular shape, has a first winding or a first winding region or course, which runs in a counterclockwise direction, for example, and an adjoining one second winding region, which is wound, for example, in the clockwise direction. Preferably, the first winding of the defined wire from outside to inside takes place in the form of a screw, while the second winding of the wire takes place from the inside to the outside in the form of a screw.

Thus, after the first winding in the center of the winding, the wire is guided in a lower second region of the printed circuit board seen substantially in the height or thickness direction of the printed circuit board, and in this second region another winding takes place from the inside to the outside. This ensures that the wire on the same side region of the circuit board supplied to this, as well as can be led out of this.

However, it is also conceivable that the wire is supplied at a side region of the respective printed circuit board of this and out of this on another side region of the printed circuit board, if this should be necessary.

Preferably, the circuit board has at least two outer layers and an inner layer, wherein the winding is arranged in the inner layer lying between the outer layers. The two outer layers cover the printed circuit board in each case to the outside, so that in each case by a Outer layer on each side of the respective circuit board is given a protective layer, which thus protects the circuit board from damage.

For charging the energy storage device of the vehicle, which may be for example an accumulator or a battery, the vehicle is at least partially moved over the circuit board with the primary coil assembly, so that the vehicle associated circuit board with the secondary coil assembly is preferably aligned parallel above the primary coil assembly to inductive transmission to enable a non-contact transmission of electrical energy from the primary coil assembly to the secondary coil assembly.

The non-contact or contactless connection or transmission between the primary coil arrangement and the secondary coil arrangement causes in the interface region between the two coil arrangements advantageously no wear of the devices or components by friction, etc. and also no impairment of the transmission by, for example, corrosion.

The coils or the windings of the coils, in particular the planar coils of the printed circuit boards are advantageously protected against contamination by foreign substances, liquids or gases through the outer layers of the respective printed circuit board, which hermetically seal the coil itself substantially.

The galvanic isolation associated with the contactless connection allows the transmission of electrical energy to be used also in areas with explosion protection, however, it should be noted in the design of the device according to the invention that sparks could occur between electrical conductors of the environment.

Preferably, at least one coil, in particular a planar coil, is arranged with a winding arranged substantially in two superposed planes in or on the printed circuit board, although it is also conceivable that a plurality of these coils are arranged in or on the printed circuit board. These coils are then preferably distributed at a defined distance from one another substantially uniformly over the respective printed circuit board of the primary coil arrangement and / or the secondary coil arrangement, and are preferably substantially in an identical plane with respect to the thickness of the printed circuit board.

Such a segmentation of these coils, in particular planar coils, makes it possible to detect an offset between the primary coil arrangement with its primary coils and the secondary coil arrangement with the secondary coils in the x and y directions. In this case, the x-direction stands, for example, for a length or direction viewed in the width direction of the vehicle, while the y-direction stands for a length or direction viewed in the vehicle longitudinal direction (in the direction of travel).

As a result, for example, a control system arranged in the vehicle or else outside the vehicle can determine which secondary coils are arranged essentially above which primary coils, for example by measuring the inductance or the capacitance of the individual coils. Consequently, it would be possible that by means of this position determination, a direction instruction can be issued to the driver of the vehicle, which indicates how far he still has to move the vehicle in which direction, so that substantially all secondary coils preferably substantially directly over the corresponding Primary coils are arranged. The directional instruction can of course also be sent to an automated system of the vehicle, by means of which the exact positioning of the secondary coils to the primary coil arrangement or the primary coil arrangement to the secondary coil arrangement takes place automatically. It is possible for the primary coil arrangement to have substantially the same number of primary coils. as the secondary coil assembly secondary coils.

However, it is also possible that, for example, the primary coil arrangement has fewer primary coils than the secondary coil arrangement has secondary coils or vice versa.

In this case, it is conceivable that during the charging process of the vehicle battery, the not superimposed with a secondary coil primary coils are disabled. As a result, it can be advantageously prevented, for example, that primary coils are active, although no corresponding secondary coils are present for transmitting the energy, as a result of which only energy would be diverted unused from the primary coils without this energy being able to be used by a secondary coil. This would otherwise cause increased energy costs.

The preferably arranged on the circuit boards or integrated in the printed circuit boards electrical or electronic components, for example, the field of power electronics can deliver an enormous energy loss in the form of thermal radiation during their operation, which must preferably be derived from the components such that they do not overheat and fail due to overheating or one suffer irreparable damage. in that at least one heat-dissipating layer which at least partially extends from the one outer layer to the other outer layer is embedded in the inner layer or the inner layers, wherein the layer preferably consists of copper or a similarly highly thermally conductive material. By virtue of this measure, the heat energy produced in the respective printed circuit board of the primary coil arrangement and / or of the secondary coil arrangement can be dissipated well.

In order to improve the heat dissipation again, it has been proven that the outer layer of the respective printed circuit board of the primary coil assembly and / or the secondary coil assembly has a heat sink, which preferably consists of aluminum or a similarly good heat conducting material. Such a heat sink is capable of delivering the heat energy derived from the inside of the circuit board of the primary coil arrangement and / or the secondary coil arrangement to the environment.

Preferably, the heat-dissipating layer extends at least partially into the heat sink, whereby this is in contact with the heat-dissipating layer and thus a good heat transfer is given to the heat sink, so that this particularly well from the inside of the circuit board of the primary coil assembly and / or the Secondary coil assembly can dissipate derived heat energy to the environment.

According to another idea, at least one of the circuit boards in at least one level of the inner layers has a breakdown-resistant layer, so that different inner layers are electrically or electronically separated from each other and even high voltages can not cause breakdown by this layer. The impact-resistant layer is preferably made of Kapton or a similarly impact-resistant material.

To simplify the placement or orientation of the secondary coil assembly and / or the primary coil assembly, in an unclaimed example at least one of the circuit boards has means to move the circuit boards perpendicular to the plane of their longitudinal extension and / or in the plane of their longitudinal extent and / or the plane thereof Longitudinal extension to pivot. Thus, a movably arranged primary coil arrangement and / or secondary coil arrangement is essentially created.

This means is preferably formed as a fulcrum, which is preferably arranged in a corner region of the circuit board. In this case, the primary coil arrangement or a corresponding bottom plate in which the primary coil arrangement is introduced, are preferably rotatably or pivotably mounted about a pivot point, so that a positioning of the primary coil arrangement in the x and in the y direction is made possible.

The vehicle with the correspondingly arranged secondary coil arrangement can then also be turned off above the primary coil arrangement such that the secondary coil arrangement and the secondary coils are initially not aligned for optimal energy transmission to the primary coil arrangement and the primary coils. By a rotation z. As the primary coil assembly or its support plate or by the secondary coil assembly or its support plate, it is possible to align the primary coil assembly to the secondary coil assembly or the secondary coil assembly to the primary coil assembly, so that they are essentially so congruent one above the other - viewed in the vertical direction of the vehicle - positioned in that at least the majority or a plurality of the primary coils can be used to transmit the energy to the secondary coils or a plurality of secondary coils can be used to receive the energy from the primary coils. In this case, either the primary coil assembly is moved relative to the secondary coil assembly or the secondary coil assembly relative to the primary coil assembly.

It is therefore also conceivable that the primary coil assembly or its support plate or a corresponding roadway floor element and the secondary coil system or its support plate or a corresponding vehicle floor element are moved substantially together or at the same time relative to each other, so that it is possible almost complete superimposition of the circuit boards in order to advantageously achieve a high efficiency in the transmission of energy and a high coupling factor.

Alternatively, it is of course also possible to form such a means as a rail system for moving the printed circuit board perpendicular to its normal direction N.

The coupling factor can advantageously be further increased if, for example, the distance between the primary coil coil arrangement with the primary coil and the secondary coil arrangement with the secondary coil is reduced. In particular, in vehicles with a far from the roadway spaced vehicle floor area (large ground clearance), such as SUVs or trucks, etc. would due to the low Coupling factor take place only a small energy transfer, so that a charging process of the vehicle battery takes substantially longer than, for example, a loading process in a sports car, which is known to have a vehicle floor, which is only very slightly spaced from the road surface (low ground clearance).

The coupling factor corresponds to the ratio of the partial flux of the total magnetic flux, which is absorbed by the secondary coil, to the total flux, which is generated by the primary coil. The remainder passes by the secondary coil as so-called leakage flux, so that the total flux of the primary coil is essentially composed of the partial flow and the leakage flux.

The smaller the distance between the primary coil and the secondary coil, the less leakage flux is created and the larger the partial flow.

Consequently, to increase the coupling factor, it is necessary the ground clearance of the vehicles, d. H. to reduce the distance between the primary coil system and the secondary coil system.

For this purpose, as means a distance minimizing means is provided, which preferably has a support member for arranging a printed circuit board, a holding element for placing on a charging station or a vehicle area and Verfahrmittel for moving the support member relative to the holding element, wherein the support member and the holding element are aligned parallel to each other.

On such a distance minimizing device, either the printed circuit board with the primary coil arrangement directly or indirectly or else the printed circuit board with the secondary coil arrangement is arranged directly or indirectly. Thus, the distance between the two coil arrangements is preferably to be minimized such that both coil arrangements and in particular their printed circuit boards touch each other at least partially or in sections.

A distance minimization device required for this purpose preferably has a support element for holding and positioning one of the circuit boards of a coil arrangement, and a holding element for arranging the distance minimization device in a vehicle floor area or a road floor area.

Spaced both elements are preferably by means of a scissors-type frame, which has two scissor arms at least on two opposite sides, which intersect at an intersection and are preferably also interconnected in this intersection. At least one end of each scissor arm is movably disposed within a guide rail, wherein each one of the guide rails is arranged on the support element and on the holding element. As a result, an adjustment of the support element relative to the holding element in the z-direction is possible, wherein the z-direction preferably corresponds to the height direction of the vehicle or the vertical direction.

Thus, if such a distance minimizer is disposed in the deck floor, then the primary coil assembly could be moved toward the vehicle floor and thus toward the secondary coil assembly when the vehicle is parked above the primary coil assembly, thereby reducing the distance between the primary coil assembly and the secondary coil assembly and, consequently, the primary coil. n and the secondary coil / s can be realized. A corresponding distance minimization would occur if the distance minimizing device is arranged in the vehicle floor area such that, with an increase in the distance between the support element and the holding element due to the clamping of the scissors hinges, the support member of a printed circuit board with a secondary coil assembly down towards a printed circuit board with a primary coil assembly is moved.

However, it is also conceivable that the primary coil arrangement can not be arranged in the floor area of a carriageway and thus a parking space or a garage, but possibly in a wall area or in a ceiling area of a corresponding vehicle garage.

In this case, it would be necessary for the secondary coil arrangement to also be arranged in a corresponding lateral area or in the roof area of the vehicle in order to enable a positioning of the secondary coil arrangement with the primary coil arrangement oriented substantially one above the other or side by side or in a row, in order to provide a base for contactless energy transmission create.

Thus, for example, it is possible for the secondary coil arrangement to be arranged in the front region of the vehicle, ie in the region of the bumper or license plate, so that the vehicle is arranged frontally on a wall or column, etc. arranged essentially in a vertical direction extending primary coil assembly can be moved to preferably directly abut this primary coil assembly. The distance and the alignment The vehicle or the secondary coil arrangement relative to the primary coil arrangement can be determined, for example, via the inductance or also the capacitance of the primary coils or secondary coil (s), so that the use of the coil arrangements can also serve as parking assistant.

It is also possible that a vehicle has a multiplicity of secondary coil arrangements in different areas of the vehicle, so that charging of the energy storage unit is also possible by means of differently positioned primary coil arrangements. This means that it is to be made possible for the vehicle user to allow charging at different charging stations, which each have a mutually different arrangement and orientation of the primary coil arrangements.

The invention further relates to a printed circuit board with a previously described primary coil arrangement or secondary coil arrangement.

Furthermore, the invention also relates to a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, having a printed circuit board with a primary coil arrangement, which has been previously described.

Finally, a charging station is claimed with a printed circuit board with an integrated previously described secondary coil assembly.

Other objects, advantages, features and applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the drawings.

Show it:

1 Schematic diagram of an inner layer of an embodiment of a device with component assembly in a plan view;

2 Schematic diagram of an embodiment of a circuit board of a device in a lateral sectional view;

3 Schematic diagram of an inner layer of an embodiment of a device having a plurality of coils having primary or secondary coil assembly;

4 Schematic diagram of an inner layer of an embodiment of an unclaimed device which is movably mounted about a pivot point;

5 Schematic diagram of an embodiment of a distance minimizing device not claimed here for minimizing a gap between a primary coil assembly having a printed circuit board and a secondary coil assembly having a printed circuit board;

6 Schematic diagram of an embodiment of an unclaimed device with a vehicle-mounted circuit board with a secondary coil assembly and arranged in front of a height-adjustable circuit board with a primary coil assembly; and

7 Schematic diagram of an embodiment of a device according to the invention with a arranged in a vehicle floor circuit board with a secondary coil assembly and a printed circuit board arranged thereunder with a primary coil assembly.

1 shows a schematic diagram of an inner layer of an embodiment of a device with component assembly in a plan view, wherein the components 4 in this case at least in the corner regions of the printed circuit board 7 . 7 ' are arranged. The sink 3 . 9 . 9 ' and in particular the first winding 3a or the first winding area 3a schematically shows that the preferably used copper wire, which has, for example, a diameter of 4 mm ² , is wound from outside to inside in the direction of the center of the circuit board surface such that the winding 3a essentially lies in one plane.

In a second plane, which is preferably in the thickness direction D of the circuit board 7 . 7 ' considered below the first level, the coil points 3 . 9 . 9 ' a second winding 3b or a second winding area 3b on, extending through one from the inside, ie from the center of the circuit board 7 . 7 ' outward winding characterizes. The winding wire is between the first winding area 3a and the second winding area 3b not interrupted, but from the first winding area 3a guided substantially perpendicular to the second level to there as the second winding area 3a to be wound outwards in a screw shape.

As in 1 is shown, the second winding area 3b the winding at least, viewed in the longitudinal direction L, slightly laterally to the first winding area 3a the winding is offset so that the windings of the second winding area 3a essentially between the windings of the first winding area 3a lie, whereby a corresponding winding density can be generated without having to fall below a required distance A between the wire portions of the winding.

The distance A between the wire regions of the winding can be filled, for example, with a filling material, such as epoxy resin, in order to ensure positioning and adequate shielding of the wire regions from each other.

In the 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a circuit board of a device according to the invention shown in a side sectional view.

It can be clearly seen that a primary coil arrangement 1 or a secondary coil arrangement 2 from a printed circuit board 7 . 7 ' with two outer layers 10 . 11 respectively 10 ' . 11 ' and several inner layers 12 . 12 ' . 31 , being inside the circuit board 7 . 7 ' in the layer 12 . 12 ' a coil 3 is arranged, the coil 3 a first winding area 3a and a second winding area 3b having.

Furthermore, a plurality of electrical or electronic components 4 on the surface or in one of the layers 10 . 10 ' . 11 . 11 ' . 31 the circuit board 7 . 7 ' arranged or integrated.

Preferably in the region of a component 4 , which has an increased power loss, which in the form of heat radiation from the component 4 is discharged extends in this case below the component 4 a copper inlay 5 from the component 4 towards a heat sink made of aluminum 17 , which preferably has a projection or a raised area in the region of the printed circuit board 7 . 7 in which the copper insert 5 essentially at least partially through the circuit board 7 . 7 ' extends through.

Through this copper inlay 5 can heat dissipation from the component 4 , which is preferably the copper insert 5 at least partially affected, in the direction of the heat sink 17 and from there out of the coil assembly area 1 . 2 done to overheat the components 4 to prevent.

Preferably, the heat sink 17 not part of the coil arrangement 1 . 2 and is at least on one side or at a portion of the circuit board 7 . 7 ' which is preferably not the side which can be brought into inductive operative connection with a possible second coil arrangement (not shown here).

The windings 3a and 3b the coil 3 each by means of an adhesive layer 7 on a ca. 200 μm wide Kapton foil 6a or Kapton layer 6a , which is the first winding area 3a from the second winding area 3b separates, upset. The inner layer 12 . 12 ' is through the approx. 200 μm wide Kapton foil 6a or Kapton layer 6a educated.

The kapton layer 6a is characterized by a high throughput strength, so that due to high voltages or potential differences between both sides of the inner layer 12 . 12 ' no electrical or electronic punches are to be feared, but it is also possible to use a different material than the innermost layer 12 . 12 ' or separating layer between the first winding region 3a and the second winding region 3b to use, which has at least comparable through-resistance values as Kapton.

It is also conceivable that below another inner layers another Kapton layer 6b is arranged to prevent, for example, a voltage breakdown. Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible that between the heat sink made of aluminum 17 and the lower Kapton layer 6b a ferrite layer 8th or a ferrite plate 8th is arranged.

3 shows a schematic diagram of an inner layer of an embodiment of a device according to the invention with a plurality of coils 3 . 9 . 9 ' having primary or secondary coil arrangement 1 . 2 which is in a layer of the circuit board 7 . 7 ' are arranged. Preferably, the coils 3 . 9 . 9 ' over the entire length L and width B of the circuit board 7 . 7 ' arranged distributed substantially uniformly spaced from each other.

Preferably, a corresponding control system (not shown) may be used with each of the coils 3 . 9 . 9 ' the coil arrangement 1 . 2 connected, an activation and deactivation of individual coils 3 . 9 . 9 ' allow so that only the coils 3 . 9 . 9 ' can be used for charging an energy storage unit of an electrically driven vehicle, which are superimposed by other coils of another comparable or identical coil arrangement in construction.

In the 4 1 is a schematic diagram of an inner layer of an embodiment of an unclaimed device of a device according to the invention, which is movable about a fulcrum 10 is stored.

The coil arrangement 1 . 2 here only has a coil 3 . 9 . 9 ' on and is by means of a corner region of the circuit board 7 . 7 ' or a support element (not shown here) of the circuit board 7 . 7 ' arranged on a rotary element (not shown here). This rotary element may, for example, merely a projection or a gear element, etc. which is driven, for example, by an electric motor to a rotation of the circuit board 7 . 7 ' to effect.

A rotation of the circuit board 7 . 7 ' may also be caused due to the induction or capacitance in the coils, ie by the triggered magnetic field, when a second coil arrangement (not shown here), which is arranged for example in a vehicle, via the coil arrangement shown here 1 . 2 is positioned.

Thus, only by a rotating or pivoting movement of the circuit board 7 . 7 ' around the fulcrum 10 a change in the position of the coil 3 . 9 . 9 ' in the x and y directions.

5 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a distance minimizing device not claimed here 20 to minimize a gap 32 between a primary coil assembly 1 having printed circuit board 7 and a secondary coil assembly 2 having printed circuit board 7 ' ,

The distance minimizer 20 has a support element 21 and a holding element 22 on, with the support element 21 for arranging an embodiment of the coil system according to the invention, while the holding element 22 anchoring the distance minimizer 20 in a roadway area (not shown here) or a vehicle floor area (not shown here), a roof area of the subject (not shown here), a wall or door area of the vehicle (not shown here), etc. allows.

The support element 21 and the holding element 22 are by means of a scissors rack 23 spaced from each other, wherein the scissors rack 23 for example, on at least two opposite sides of the distance minimizing device 20 two scissor arms each 24 . 25 having. Every scissor arm 24 . 25 has a first end 24a . 25a which is preferably rotatable about an axis extending essentially in the width direction B, but can not be displaced in the longitudinal direction L on the holding element 22 or the support element 21 is arranged. A second end 24b respectively. 25b the scissor arms 24 and 25 is rotatable about a substantially in the width direction B extending axis and slidable in the longitudinal direction L in a guide rail 26 . 27 stored to a height adjustment in height direction H of the distance minimization device 20 to enable. By a drive of, for example, at least one end 24b . 25b a scissor arm 24 . 25 is the support element 21 from the holding element 22 removable or approachable, so that for example on the support element 21 arranged circuit board 7 . 7 ' with a coil arrangement 1 . 2 (not shown) to another coil assembly 2 . 1 (not shown here) can be approximated.

6 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a device according to the invention with a arranged in a vehicle front circuit board 7 ' with a secondary coil assembly 2 and a front-mounted, height-adjustable printed circuit board 7 with a primary coil assembly 1 ,

The secondary coil arrangement 2 takes energy from the primary coil assembly 1 on to feed a not shown energy storage unit with electrical energy. The arrangement of the secondary coil assembly 2 and the primary coil assembly 1 can, as already mentioned above, be different, so that the coil systems in various areas of the vehicle 30 as well as the stops, parking lots, garages, double parkers etc. can be integrated.

In the embodiment according to 6 is one in the front of a vehicle 30 arranged secondary coil assembly 2 slightly from a primary coil assembly 1 spaced, which is preferably arranged in the height direction H, width direction B and / or longitudinal direction L adjustable on a wall or wall of a parking area. Thus, by approaching the vehicle to this wall and by a corresponding adjustment of the primary coil assembly 1 opposite the secondary coil assembly 2 a contactless energy transfer can be ensured.

7 shows a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a device according to the invention with a arranged in a vehicle floor circuit board 7 ' with a secondary coil assembly 2 and a printed circuit board arranged thereunder 7 with a primary coil assembly 1 ,

In this case, that is the primary coil arrangement 1 having printed circuit board 7 forming a gap 31 opposite to a secondary coil arrangement 2 having printed circuit board 7 ' arranged. As can be seen, the primary coil arrangement is aligned in this case 1 and the secondary coil assembly 2 in terms of their longitudinal extent. In addition, the primary coil arrangement 1 and the secondary coil assembly 2 arranged with respect to their longitudinal extent parallel to each other. Inside the primary coil assembly 1 and the secondary coil assembly 2 are not shown here coils 3 . 9 . 9 ' arranged in the present embodiment as planar coils 9 . 9 ' within an inner layer 12 . 12 ' the primary coil assembly 1 or the secondary coil arrangement 2 are formed. The number of individual planar coils 9 . 9 ' within the primary coil assembly 1 and the secondary coil assembly 2 can be different. However, it is recommended to use an equal number of planar coils 9 within the primary coil assembly 1 and the secondary coil assembly 2 to use, since by each planar coil 9 . 9 ' to a non-contact inductive energy transfer from the primary coil assembly 1 to the secondary coil assembly 2 can contribute.

Clearly visible is also one in the inner layer 12 . 12 ' the respective circuit board 7 . 7 ' introduced power electronics 13 . 13 ' , wherein the inner layer 12 . 12 ' can be made up of multiple layers. Preferably, the power electronics 13 . 13 ' arranged in a different layer as the primary coil arrangement 1 or secondary coil arrangement 2 However, although not shown here electronic connection between the power electronics 13 . 13 ' and the primary coil assembly 1 or secondary coil arrangement 2 consists.

The circuit boards 7 . 7 ' the primary coil assembly 1 and the secondary coil assembly 2 also have outer layers 10 . 10 ' and 11 . 11 ' on, between which the Innschicht 12 . 12 ' is embedded in the manner of a sandwich pack. The outer layers serve primarily to the primary coil assembly 1 and secondary coil assembly 2 as well as the power electronics 13 . 13 ' Protected Innschicht to protect against mechanical damage.

Furthermore, the power electronics 13 the primary coil assembly 1 having printed circuit board 7 having a control device, not shown here, for operating the device.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Primary coil arrangement

2

Secondary coil arrangement

3

Kitchen sink

3a

first winding area

3b

second winding area

4

component

5

copper deposit

6a, 6b

Kapton / Kapton

7

circuit board

7 '

circuit board

8th

ferrite

9

planar coil

9

planar coil

10

outer layer

10 '

outer layer

11

outer layer

11 '

outer layer

12

inner layer

12 '

inner layer

13

power electronics

13 '

power electronics

14

adhesive layer

15

impact-resistant layer

16

heat-dissipating layer

17

heatsink

18

medium

19

pivot point

20

Distance minimization device

21

supporting member

22

retaining element

23

scissors-type frame

24, 25

Scherenarm

24a, 25a

first end

24b, 25b

second end

26, 27

guide rail

30

vehicle

31

inner layer

32

gap

A

distance

B

width direction

D

thickness direction

L

longitudinal direction

N

normal direction

R

direction of rotation

x

x-direction

y

y-direction

Claims (15)

Device for contactless energy transmission with a primary coil arrangement ( 1 ) and an inductively coupled secondary coil arrangement ( 2 ), wherein the secondary coil arrangement ( 2 ) can be arranged on a vehicle having an energy storage unit and the primary coil arrangement ( 1 ) is attributable to an energy source, such as a public or non-public power grid, the primary coil arrangement ( 1 ) on a first printed circuit board ( 7 ) and the secondary coil arrangement ( 2 ) on a second circuit board ( 7 ' ) is arranged, wherein a power electronics ( 13 . 13 ' ) for operating the device on which the primary coil arrangement ( 1 ) and / or the secondary coil arrangement ( 2 ) having printed circuit board ( 7 . 7 ' ) or in one between two outer layers ( 10 . 11 ; 10 ' . 11 ' ) of the respective printed circuit board ( 7 . 7 ' ) embedded inner layer ( 12 . 12 ' ), and wherein components of the power electronics are formed directly as a copper layer structure, while electrical or electronic components are imprinted by means of special pastes on the surface or in hidden layers. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that both the primary coil arrangement ( 1 ) as well as the secondary coil arrangement ( 2 ) at least one coil ( 3 ), and preferably the number of coils in the primary coil assembly ( 1 ) and in the secondary coil arrangement ( 2 ) is equal to. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least one coil ( 3 ) of the primary coil assembly ( 1 ) and the secondary coil arrangement ( 2 ) as planar coils ( 9 . 9 ' ) are formed. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the planar coils ( 9 . 9 ' ) in one between two outer layers ( 10 . 11 ; 10 ' . 11 ' ) of the respective printed circuit board ( 7 . 7 ' ) embedded inner layer ( 12 . 12 ' ) are arranged. Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that that the planar coil ( 9 . 9 ' ) is formed in a round, oval or angular shape. Device according to one of claims 2, characterized in that the at least one coil ( 3 ) of the primary coil assembly ( 1 ) and the secondary coil arrangement ( 2 ) two winding areas ( 3a . 3b ) in the form of a planar coil ( 9 . 9 ' ), which in different planes of the inner layer ( 12 . 12 ' ) and through a dielectric layer ( 15 ) are separated from each other, the layer ( 15 ) preferably consists of Kapton or a similar impact-resistant material. Device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that in the inner layer ( 12 . 12 ' ) at least one heat-dissipating layer ( 16 ) embedded at least partially by the one outer layer ( 10 . 11 ) to the other outer layer ( 10 ' . 11 ' ). Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the layer ( 16 ) consists of copper or a similar good heat conducting material. Device according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the outer layer ( 10 . 11 ) a heat sink ( 17 ) having. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the heat sink ( 17 ) consists of a good heat conducting material, such as aluminum. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the heat-dissipating layer ( 16 ) at least partially into the heat sink ( 17 ). Printed circuit board ( 7 ) with a primary coil arrangement ( 1 ) for a device according to one of claims 1 to 11. Printed circuit board ( 7 ' ) with a secondary coil arrangement ( 2 ) for a device according to one of claims 1 to 11. Vehicle, in particular motor vehicle, with a printed circuit board ( 7 ' ) according to claim 13. Charging station with a printed circuit board ( 7 ) according to claim 12.

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