DE102004055761A1 - Valuable document, e.g. banknote, has code that cannot be detected in visible spectral region, especially barcode, that gives result of encoding measurable encoded property(ies) and/or encoded property(ies) derivable from measurement values - Google Patents

Abstract

The valuable document (1) has a code that cannot be detected in the visible spectral region, especially a barcode (2), that gives a code result of encoding of one or more measurable encoded properties of the valuable document and/or encoded properties that can be derived from measurement values. Independent claims are also included for the following: (A) a method of manufacturing a sheet valuable document (B) and a test device.

Description

The The invention relates to leaf-shaped Value documents with a machine-readable security feature. The The invention also relates to methods and apparatus for production or exam such value documents.

Leaf-shaped value documents, such as banknotes, stocks, bonds, certificates, vouchers, Checks, lottery tickets, high-quality tickets, but also others forgery-prone papers, like passes or other identity documents, will usually come with different ones Security features to increase the forgery security Mistake. As a security feature, for example, security threads or strips, diffraction patterns or luminescent, magnetic or electrically conductive Be provided elements.

It is known, such security features also for the coding of others measurable Properties of the value document.

That's how it describes DE 2237911 A1 From the serial number and a random number to win a coded information and print on a banknote.

According to the DE 2458705 A1 a coding is applied to a banknote by means of fluorescent ink, wherein for the purpose of coding, measured values of manufacturing tolerances which normally occur during the production of the banknote are printed in coded form on the banknote. These manufacturing tolerances may, for example, relate to the distance of the printed image from the edge of the banknote, paper dimensions or thicknesses of the inking.

The EP 1140521 B1 describes an asymmetric encryption method in which an optically readable banknote marking, such as a diffractive structure or a barcode made of fluorescent colors or magnetic color coded with the serial number and the result is applied as an individual banknote signature on the banknote.

task The present invention is to provide alternative coding systems of sheet-shaped value documents and alternative systems for making and testing such sheeted value documents provide.

These The object is solved by the independent claims. The dependent claims and the following description will explain preferred embodiments.

One The basic idea from which the invention is based, therefore, is the existence sheet-shaped value document with a code detectable in the non-visible spectral range, In particular, a bar code is provided, wherein the code is an encoding at least one measurable Property of the respective value document. The code can thus be used as banknotes-individual signature when the encrypted Differentiate characteristics for different banknotes or banknote groups.

By the use in particular of only in the non-visible spectral range detectable barcodes is also a particularly good protection against counterfeiting, e.g. in the form of Color copies given. A "measurable property" should also be understood be that the Property from measured values can be determined.

One second basic idea, continues to be this coding means the detectable in the non-visible spectral range code for testing the Authenticity and / or denomination of banknotes at the so-called "point of sale ", i.e. especially in POS applications in retail or other self-serviced devices, like cash deposit or combined cash deposit and payout devices, the e.g. be used in the back office area of the retail trade.

It it should be stressed that the Characteristics of the dependent claims and the embodiments mentioned in the following description in combination or independently describe another basic idea of each other and the subject of the main claims and can be advantageously used, e.g. even if No barcodes are used for coding or testing in other applications he follows. For example, e.g. also possible that the non-visible barcode does not indicate the coding result, but one of the properties to be coded and the coding result is another barcode or e.g. also one Another serial number is which, as a letter and / or number sequence on the value document is printed.

there shows

1 a schematic view of an example of a banknote according to the invention;

2 a schematic view on a sheet with several individual benefits, the following further printed and separated into individual use each corresponding to a banknotes;

3 a schematic view of a banknote to illustrate a preferred manufacturing method;

4 a schematic cross-sectional view of a tester according to a first embodiment;

5 a schematic cross-sectional view of a tester according to a second embodiment;

6 a schematic view of the illumination tracks of a tester according to another embodiment;

7 a schematic top view of a goods scanner with tester according to another embodiment; and

8th a schematic perspective view of a tester according to yet another embodiment.

Even though not limited to In the following, the invention will be particularly relevant to the use explained in banknotes.

1 shows a schematic view of a banknote BN according to a first embodiment. It should be noted that in the sense of the term "banknote", not only finished banknotes BN but also intermediates in the manufacturing process, such as the security paper still to be printed, are to be understood 1 In addition, it can not only be made of cotton but also of plastic. During production, the paper to be cut later into the individual bills corresponding to the individual banknotes can also be in the form of an endless roll both in sheet form and in roll form.

According to a first idea of the present invention, the banknote BN has a barcode which can be detected in the non-visible spectral range 2 provided with the barcode 2 is an encoding of at least one measurable property of the respective banknote BN.

The term "barcode" in the context of the present invention includes any machine-readable code, in particular also any one- or two-dimensional pattern of black bars and / or points and white bars and / or points (gaps) or areas with intensity or without Intensity of a measurable property In an extension of this idea, however, several intermediate levels, such as gray values (of color or intensity) are possible.Usually the bar / space sequence represents a binary sequence of numbers.As barcodes come universal formats such as the code 2 / 5 , the code 2 / 5 Interleaved, the code 128 , or the code 39 , but also special formats, such as the widespread in the retail codes UPC, EAN-8 or EAN-13 into consideration. Also, two-dimensional barcodes, also called matrix codes, which provide a particularly highly condensed recording can be advantageously used in the invention, such as PDF 417, Data Matrix, Dot Code, Aztec Mesas, Snoflake codes. Exemplary is also the code 2 / 5 Interleaved, which is used for purely numerical coding. In this case, five elements (bars or gaps) are used per utility. Two of these five are wide elements, the remaining three elements are narrow. Straight line symbols are represented by a gap and an odd position by a bar. In the case of gray scales or bars / gaps, which can assume more than 2 possible values, correspondingly higher codings are possible.

With other codes, like the code 39 , which uses a bar code representation of 9 elements (5 bars and 4 spaces), three of which are wide and six narrow, can represent both numbers and letters. By way of example, the national currency (EUR, USD, etc.) and nominal value or other data, such as the date of issue or the production location of the banknote BN, can thus also be coded on a banknote BN.

It is also conceivable, proprietary, i.e. especially for This application developed codes to use for reading standard equipment to avoid and thus further reduce the risk of decryption.

As a printing technique, with a barcode 2 on the paper 1 the banknote BN is applied, for example, standard printing methods, such as gravure and gravure printing, offset printing, screen printing, thermal, laser, inkjet and dot matrix printing can be used.

Particularly preferred may be in the production of banknotes BN, in particular for applying the barcode 2 also exposure methods using masks are used. These can be, for example, known lithographic processes in which an photosensitive layer is formed by means of an exposure mask 60 a banknote BN can be lit as it is in 3 is illustrated. The mask can translucent areas in the form or complementary to the shape of the individual lines 61 of the barcode 2 exhibit. By exposure through this mask, the bar code then becomes the photosensitive layer 60 embossed. Subsequently, as in the known lithographic processes, conventional post-processing steps can be provided. As a photosensitive layer 60 For example, it is also possible to use a layer which is used in films for instant cameras.

It has been found that for the representation of the coding especially in the infrared spectral range detectable barcodes 2 are suitable. As a result, the security against counterfeiting of such codes can be further increased. W-barcodes are also suitable.

Particularly preferred is the use of IR barcodes 2 with a feature substance that has a significant absorption in the range of 1000 to 2500 nm and no significant absorption in the visible spectral range and at 800 nm. Examples of such feature substances are described in the applicant's WO 03/032243, to which reference is expressly made.

However, it is also possible to use barcodes with feature substances according to the EP 0 340 898 A2 to use, which is hereby incorporated by reference, wherein the feature substances in the visible spectral range appear colorless or only slightly colored and in the near infrared, in particular at a wavelength between 750 nm and 1000 nm, have a significant absorption.

Furthermore, the use of IR barcodes is particularly preferred 2 from IR-absorbing and luminescent feature substances. The luminescent marker emits in an advantageous embodiment of the invention in the infrared spectral range, preferably at a wavelength λ above about 1100 nm, more preferably above about 1100 nm. This has the advantage that the luminescence then not with conventional and readily available infrared detectors, which are sensitive in the wavelength range of 780 to 800 nm, can be detected. Due to the silicon band gap of 1.12 eV, conventional silicon photodiodes do not permit the detection of infrared radiation with wavelengths above approximately 1100 nm. Detectors for longer-wave infrared radiation are considerably more complicated and are not available to everyone.

It has been found particularly useful, when the luminescent marker in the absorption region of the infrared absorbing marker emitted. The suggestion of the Luminescent marking substance is advantageously also in the infrared spectral range, preferably in the spectral range of about 800 nm to about 1000 nm.

To An advantageous development of the invention is the infrared-absorbing Labeling substance in the visible spectral range substantially colorless or has only a weak inherent color. He is then under ordinary Lighting conditions invisible or appears only slightly conspicuous. Especially For example, the infrared-absorbing marker may be transparent in the visible. Even at a wavelength of about 800 nm, the infrared-absorbing marker is advantageous still no significant absorption to the detection by commercial infrared detectors to escape.

A Significant absorption is exhibited by the infrared absorbing label preferably only in the spectral range between about 1200 nm and about 2500 nm, preferably in the spectral range between about 1500 nm and about 2000 nm. The infrared absorption of the authenticity mark is then at the wavelengths conventional Infrared detectors undetectable, but occurs only in the long-wavelength and more difficult to access Spectral range above 1200 nm, or above 1500 nm out.

Of the luminescent marker can be based on a with a Be formed rare earth-doped host lattice. Examples for such Luminescent markers are approximately in the document WO 99/38701, whose disclosure in this respect in the present Registration is received.

To check the banknote, both the coding, ie, for example, the barcode 2 , as well as the coded properties measured and compared.

Preferably, according to a particular idea of the present invention, two or more than two different machine measurable characteristics of the banknote BN are correlated and the banknote provided with the correlation result as a further measurable banknote characteristic. As mentioned, the coding, ie the correlation result, is preferably in the form of a non-visible barcode 2 on the banknote paper 1 applied.

The coded properties and / or the coding result, for example in the case of sunlight, can be visible to the human eye, such as a printed image 4 or the serial number 3 exhibit. Alternatively, a visible bar code could be used to increase the number of bits for encoding.

Additionally or alternatively, also non-visible or largely invisible properties, such as in the non-visible spectral region emitting UV or IR substances, magnetic elements, magneto-optical elements or electrically conductive elements are used. As an example, in the banknote paper 1 the banknote BN the 1 fibers 5 contain. These fibers 5 For example, they can be invisible to the human eye even in sunlight and fluorescently visible to the human eye only when stimulated by UV light.

Additionally or alternatively, inconspicuous features can be used for the human eye in sunlight, which are visible in themselves, but not readily visible to the human eye at the usual viewing distance of the banknote BN of 15 to 30 cm. This property can be, for example, the number, shape, angular position and / or distribution of larger numbers (more than 5 or 10) on the banknote existing graphical structures such as lines 7 , Circles or stars or the like, which are integrated, for example, in the printed image. In the 6 is with the reference numeral 6 an associated region of the printed image marked exemplarily, which is shown enlarged in the area connected with the dashed line. The printed image shows lines lying close together 7 on which the human eye can not dissolve without aids. Furthermore, data on hidden holographic information, so-called "hidden images" can also be used in this sense as coded properties.

It can also aware with the laser varied patterns (e.g., visible (2D) codes, additional Numerals, markings with a mixture of effect colors, like it in DE 10 2004 022 080.8 the applicant is described, or bilateral Numbers that can be tested in transmitted light, as described in DE 10 2004 022 079.4 the applicant is described.

Additionally or alternatively you can Also, properties are used when different banknotes or different groups of banknotes of the same denomination targeted and / or random vary in the production of banknotes.

• a) Elementen 10 des Druckbilds,
• b) Druckfarben, Farbverläufen oder den Anteilen des Druckbilds in verschiedenen Farben, wie z.B. von UV-Farben im Vergleich zu sichtbaren Farben,
• c) Fasern 5 des Banknotenpapiers 1,
• d) der Umrißlinie des Banknotenpapiers 1,
• e) mit unterschiedlichen Verfahren wie Untergrund-, Offsetdruck, Stahltiefdruck, Siebdruck gedruckten Elementen 7, 10 des Druckbilds,
• f) Sicherheitsfäden oder -streifen 8,
• g) Mikroperforationen oder anderen Löchern oder Durchsichtsbereichen,
• h) Beugungsstrukturen wie Hologrammen,
• i) Elementen mit optisch variablem Effekt, wie Elemente mit Farbwechseleffekt,
• j) Wasserzeichen, sowohl klassische, d.h. substratgebundene Wasserzeichen als auch digitale Wasserzeichen, bei denen Substrateigenschaften bzw. Eigenschaften eines oder mehrerer Druckverfahren so verändert werden, daß Information hinterlegt sind,
• k) Planchetten,
• l) magnetischen und/oder magnetooptischen Elementen,
• m) thermochromonen Elementen
• n) Lumineszenz-Merkmalen, insbesondere im Sichtbaren emittierende Merkmale,
• o) Merkmale mit Resonanzeffekten,
• p) Metallisierungen, Demetallisierungen,
• q) elektronischen Chips oder Schwingkreisen.

The measurable properties of all or several banknotes, or in particular the varying properties of several or all banknotes, may for example relate to differences in distribution, position, shape, phase and / or intensity, for example of

• a) elements 10 the printed image,
• b) inks, gradients or the proportions of the print image in different colors, such as UV in comparison to visible colors,
• c) fibers 5 of banknote paper 1 .
• d) the outline of the banknote paper 1 .
• e) with different processes such as background, offset printing, steel gravure printing, screen printed elements 7 . 10 the printed image,
• f) Security threads or strips 8th .
• g) microperforations or other holes or see-through areas,
• h) diffraction structures such as holograms,
• i) elements with optically variable effect, such as elements with color change effect,
• j) watermarks, both classical, ie substrate-bound watermarks and digital watermarks, in which the substrate properties or characteristics of one or more printing processes are changed so that information is stored,
• k) planchettes,
• l) magnetic and / or magneto-optical elements,
• m) thermochromonen elements
• n) luminescent features, in particular visible-emitting features,
• o) features with resonance effects,
• p) metallizations, demetallizations,
• q) electronic chips or resonant circuits.

As an example of a variation of the phase of elements are, for example, the holograms and / or security threads running along the paper sheets in endless strips during the production of the banknote BN 8th mentions the periodic structures 9 exhibit. For example, after cutting the sheets into banknotes, the phase may indicate how large the distance of the next of these structures 9 from the banknote edge or other coordinate associated with the banknote.

As differences in the distribution or location of the measurable properties, for example, also distances or angles between several elements of the banknote paper 1 and / or the printed image. For example, the distance between given circles 10 from a larger amount of printed circles 10 be used as such measurable property.

Also can local elongations and / or deformations of the paper, in particular on smaller scales of less than 1 cm, preferably less be used as about 5 mm, as these have been in circulation Banknotes BN insensitive to typical deformations like one Wrinkling banknote BN react.

Furthermore, there are banknotes BN with laser marking, which have a laser image at least partially overlapping laser modification area, which stands in the register to the laser mark and in the overlap region with the printed image, the visual appearance of the printed image is modified by the action of a laser beam. Passer fluctuations between the printed image and the laser marking are allowed to modify the visual appearance of the printed image in a standing in the register for laser marking portion so that register fluctuations between the printed image and the laser marking for the viewer in the background and instead of the (perfect ) Passer between the laser mark and the modification area dominates the visual appearance of the security element.

In This case can be considered measurable Property of the laser ablated area, e.g. a patch metallization can be used with the help of a perfect fit for later lasering (e.g., a digit). This area is a Measure for the offset between laser and the pre-printed patch, which is the usual Passerschwankungen subject. It is particularly advantageous if especially in the area of the patch, e.g. on the bottom of the Patchs or in an adhesive layer or primer layer still one luminescent or magnetic feature substance is present

When another measurable Property may also be a visible, e.g. Banknote individualized 2D code on the banknote e.g. be applied by laser or ink jet. The code can also be constructed from banknotes-individual areas be with individual batches, series individual, nominal value individual Areas are combined.

As mentioned, it is also conceivable that at least two or all of the different measurable properties and / or the Codierergebnisses by different methods, such as different printing methods, such as ink jet, laser, underground, offset, Stahltief- and / or screen printing attached have been. So in the example of the 1 eg the lines 7 by means of steel gravure and the graphic elements of the printed image 4 be applied by offset printing.

As mentioned, the measurable properties are coded and the bill is also provided with the coding result. So can in the example of the 1 be provided that all or part of the described measurable properties are encrypted together. So can exemplarily from the serial number 3 and data about the number and / or distribution of the lines 7 by means of a cryptographic algorithm an encryption number can be calculated, which as coding in the form of the IR barcode 2 is printed on the banknote BN.

Around provide adequate protection against counterfeiting measurable in the coding Properties of elements of the banknote come in from different Production steps come. Thus, e.g. Property to with Offset printing applied printing elements, applied with screen printing Printing elements, e.g. also features of an angry Transfer element, such as a holographic patch in the encryption received. Preferably, each different production process becomes a resulting one measurable Property of the banknote enter into the encryption. hereby contains the encryption result information about all production processes, making forgery much more difficult becomes.

to Coding can thereby both symmetrical (MAC calculation with DES, AES, ...), as well asymmetric encryption methods like a so-called "public key "procedure (RSA, DSA, ECC, ...).

An advantage of symmetric encryptions is that this makes the signature, ie the coding result shorter, ie can be a small amount of data. Due to the smaller amount of data, a one-dimensional barcode can already be used for this 2 use. However, two-dimensional barcodes are available for asymmetric encryption methods that yield larger signatures 30 as particularly advantageous.

at The production of such banknotes BN can proceed as follows become.

If an encoding, for example an encryption, of one or more measurable properties of the banknote BN takes place, it can be provided that all or part of the properties of each banknote to be encrypted are read in the production machine online and all banknotes are then identified with the banknote after the encryption result has been determined respective encryption result, such as the barcode 2 be provided. However, it is also possible that in the production machine online all or part of the properties to be encrypted read only part of all banknote BN and are provided after the determination of the encryption result, all banknotes BN then with the encryption result.

Like in the 2 is illustrated in a highly schematized way, for example, in the production of still-cut sheets 12 with several printed or still to be printed single use 13 be provided according to the later banknotes BN that only a part of the individual benefits 13 a bow 12 a property, such as one of the properties to be encrypted or another property measured or otherwise determined, and the associated ande to be encrypted properties and / or the encryption result of the individual benefits 13 of the bow 12 can be concluded on the basis of this measurement or determination. This is particularly possible if the associated measurable property for all individual benefits 13 of the bow 12 is the same or varies in a defined manner.

For example, it may be provided that the individual sheets 12 an associated sheet information, such as a sheet number as a barcode 15 and read only this information sheet and from this at least one same or different measurable property of all individual benefits 13 of the bow 12 can be determined and used for or a subsequent encryption. Then it is enough, only once per bow 12 and not for every single benefit 13 to take this arch information extra. For example, by the barcode 15 be specified, in which predetermined and defined manner, the number, shape, distribution or spacing of the circular structures 14 the single benefit 13 differ.

to exam the authenticity of banknotes BN Banknote validators used used in banknote sorting, banknote counting devices, ATMs, or integrated into cash registers or used as a handheld tester become. The test equipment can be used for one for examination the authenticity of banknotes BN, in particular also already in the Circulated banknotes BN, as well as for quality assurance be used in the production of banknotes BN.

4 schematically shows a relatively complex embodiment of a tester 26 for measuring different physical properties necessary for the examination of the coding of the banknotes BN, such as the banknote BN of the 1 can be measured. The device can be installed in all of the mentioned processing facilities. It is also conceivable, in particular, to use it as a test device at cash registers.

The tester 26 uses a plurality of different radiation sources B1, B2 and a plurality of different detectors D1 to D3 for checking banknote BN, which is guided by means of conventional transport devices in a sheet material plane. For example, in the checkout application, the user can manually insert banknotes one by one into an input slot of the tester 26 insert, which is then transported to the check in the sheet material level. The various physical properties of the banknote BN are measured in an area that passes through a measuring window 102 is defined here by an opening of the (upper) housing of the tester 26 is predetermined. The banknote BN is made with the help of brushes 103 , in the 4 merely indicated, against the underside of the upper housing 101 pressed. As a result, the banknote BN is at a defined distance to or behind the measuring window 102 arranged sensor elements held, which is particularly important for a subsequently discussed in more detail magneto-optical measurement of importance. One in the measuring window 102 arranged trans-parent disc can with respect to the surrounding housing wall 101 be slightly reset so that the banknote BN is guided past the disc at a distance and can not scratch it.

The schematic representation in 4 shows the overall device from the side in cross section. On the one hand, this means that the measuring window 102 which in reality may only be about a few mm wide, extends perpendicular to the page plane, for example over about 100 mm, so that the banknote BN to be checked can preferably be detected over the entire dimension in this direction. On the other hand, this also means that the radiation sources B1, B2 and detectors D1-D3 can preferably be formed line by line, that is to say for example as LED lines and Si detector lines which extend perpendicular to the plane of the page. In the embodiment according to 4 are in the incident beam path between the radiation sources B1, B2 and the measurement window 2 Cylindrical lenses L, for example, Fresnel lenses, and in the outgoing beam path between the measuring window 102 and the detectors D1 and D3 Selfoc lenses S provided. Alternatively, optical fibers can also be used, in particular to ensure a uniform distribution of the radiation emitted by the LED rows. The light guides may, for example, contain scattering elements and / or be designed as fluorescent plates.

In the embodiment according to 4 illustrated banknote BN contains as a security feature to be checked the encoding magnetizable material, the exemplary means of four on both sides of the sheet material plane and on both sides of the measuring window 102 arranged magnets 104 is magnetized. In the measuring window is a multilayer magneto-optical converter 105 whose optical behavior is influenced by the magnetic leakage flux of the magnetized areas of the banknote BN.

The construction and the exact operation of such a magneto-optical converter 105 is in the DE 101 03 378 A1 in detail in connection with the examination of banknotes, and to that extent reference is hereby made. Accordingly, the magneto-optical converter comprises 105 For example, three layers, namely a transparent substrate layer 105a as a carrier material for a magneto-optical layer 105b on her their side with a reflector layer 105c is coated. The radiation of the radiation source B1 is on the measuring window 102 directed and passes through the transparent substrate layer 105a and the magneto-optic layer 105b , It will then be at the reflector layer 105c in the direction of the arranged in the glancing angle detector D1 reflects and passes through a second time, but in reverse order, the magneto-optical layer 105b and the transparent substrate layer 105a , By means of the polarizer P1, the incident radiation is polarized, and those at the reflector layer 105c reflected radiation is detected after passing through a second polarizer P2 with the detector D1. Due to the altered optical behavior of the transducer caused by the magnetized banknote BN 105 the polarization direction of the magneto-optical converter changes 105 traversing radiation in a characteristic manner and correspondingly the intensity of the detected by the detector D1 radiation. In this way, magnetic properties of the banknote BN can thus be detected optically.

For checking other physical properties of the banknote BN, such as the print image, further radiation sources B2 are on opposite sides of the sheet material plane 1 and further detectors D2 and D3 provided. The radiation sources B2 radiate on the same measurement window 102 , And their beam path to the detectors D1 to D3 leads partially through the magneto-optical converter 105 therethrough. Consequently, the reflector layer 105c is formed as a dichroic mirror layer, which is transparent at least for parts of the radiation of the radiation sources B2. For the irradiation of the magneto-optical layer 105b By means of the radiation source B1, light from the red spectral range is preferably used (eg 600 nm), for which the reflector layer 105c is accordingly reflective. The same layer, on the other hand, is transparent to light from the blue (including the UV) and infrared spectral regions, partially reflecting in the region between blue and IR.

Accordingly, the magneto-optical converter side 105 lying radiation source B2 also be configured to emit radiation in the spectral range green, blue, IR, UV or total white light. Furthermore, laser diodes or other radiation sources are integrated therein in order to excite so-called feature substances of the banknote for luminescence usually in a narrowband spectral range. The opposite radiation source B2 can emit the same radiation or spectral sections of this radiation.

The detector D1 is in the in 4 illustrated embodiment designed as a silicon detector line, which is sensitive to different spectral ranges, such as UV radiation and radiation in the visible spectral range. The detector D1 is therefore used both to detect the magneto-optical converter 105 reflected, red polarization radiation of the radiation source B1 as well as for detecting the remitted from the banknote BN in the UV and visible range radiation of the radiation source B2 used. If the radiation source B2 radiates light itself in the red spectral range, then this component can be filtered out by suitable filters, or a different timing of the radiation sources B1, B2 can be used so that the silicon detector successively performs the corresponding measurements.

Alternatively, the radiation to be detected can also be decomposed with a spectral device, for example a 60 ° prism, into individual spectral components onto mutually parallel detector lines, as described, for example, in US Pat DE 101 59 234 A1 is proposed. In addition, a data readout can be carried out by means of a multiplex method in order to be able to read out the different signals of the different spectral ranges detected by the same detector one after the other. The above-described variants for the differentiation between the individual spectral components is suitable individually or in combination in a corresponding manner also in connection with the exemplary embodiments explained below. However, it does not have to be multiplexed if the different wavelengths do not interfere with each other due to the sensitivities of the various detectors and especially when using suitable filters. In these cases, a simultaneous measurement in different wavelengths is possible.

The detector D1 can also be used in the present embodiment for measuring the emitted by the lower radiation source B2, transmitted through the banknote BN radiation. Since the detector D1 is in the dark field with respect to the lower radiation source B2, it is a dark field measurement. D. h., It is detected with the detector D1, the diffusely transmitted radiation of the lower radiation source B2. The transmission and remission measurements by means of the detector D1 can serve, for example, for detecting a printed image printed on the banknote BN. In this recording, however, the red portions of the printed image are disregarded, since the reflector layer 105c is impermeable to this radiation.

The opposite detector D3 is, for example, an InGaAs detector line for detecting IR radiation above 1100 nm, for which the silicon detector line of the detector D1 is insensitive. That is, the dean For example, gate D3 measures the IR transmission radiation of the upper radiation source B2 in the dark field and the IR reflectance radiation of the lower radiation source B2.

Of the additional detector D2 serves to detect luminescent feature substances, the means of the aforementioned Laser diodes or LEDs for radiation, for example in the UV range, be stimulated. This measurement is again in transmission, since the excitation radiation source B2 and the luminescence detector D2 on opposite Pages of the sheet quality level lie. Alternatively, it is also a measurement possible in remission, in this case the detector D2 and the excitation source, e.g. an LED on the same side of the bill, which increases the signal strength can.

Using this tester 26 can now be evaluated by the detector D1, for example, the printed image of the banknote BN in the visible, for example, the location and distribution of the circles 10 and the serial number 3 the banknote BN the 1 to be able to In addition, by means of the detector D2, for example, the barcode measurable in the infrared can be used 2 be determined, which in the case of a genuine banknote BN, the encryption result of an encryption of data such as the location and distribution of circles 10 and the serial number 3 indicates.

However, it is also conceivable that only the upper or the lower housing part of the test device can be manually pulled without automatic transport over a storage surface, in particular in manual test devices in which the banknotes BN to be tested are pulled over a storage surface 26 of the 4 is available. For example, is only the upper part of 4 provided in an inverted arrangement, it can be provided, for example, that the light sources B1, B2 emit visible, UV and IR light and the detector D1 can detect at least visible and IR light to check the coding.

5 schematically shows a further embodiment of a handheld tester 216. , On top of the case 21 is a glass surface 22 installed on which the banknote BN to be checked is stored. inside the housing are one or more light sources 28 installed, which can irradiate the banknote BN preferably in multiplex operation with light of different wavelengths, in particular with visible, UV and IR light over a large area. There are also one or more image cameras 27 installed, which can receive a two-dimensional image of an illuminated area of the banknote BN. The picture cameras 27 should preferably be sensitive at least in the visible and infrared spectral range, thereby at least fluorescent properties 3 , visible properties such as the print image 4 . 7 . 10 and infrared properties like the IR barcode 2 and thereby be able to check the coding.

For example, the serial number 3 and the distribution of fluorescent fibers 5 a banknote BN encrypted and the encryption result as an IR barcode 5 printed on the banknote BN, so may as tester 26 For example, an already sensitive in visible and infrared sensitive camera or sensor line D1 with visible and UV (flash) illumination B1 sufficient to measure all these features.

In cash register applications, the test equipment becomes 26 preferably be installed in a visible to the customer area of the cash registers, in particular be mechanically directly connected to the cash register. The tester 26 will preferably have two different output interfaces. An interface leads at least to an indication of three different test results: "genuine banknote", "false banknote", "measurement not possible", which are displayed to the cashier, for example, as signal lamps in different colors.

According to another independent idea of the present invention thus has the tester 26 a separate ad. Not only information about the result of the check, eg the authenticity of the bill, but also the degree of security with which the bill was determined to be genuine can be displayed on it. It is also possible to display information about the value of the banknotes as well as the sum of the values of all banknotes that are valued as genuine in the course of a payment transaction.

Farther Another interface is preferably directly with the cash register can be connected by e.g. the denomination of the banknotes that have been authenticated as a real processor to convey to the change required during the current transaction (difference Banknote value minus value of goods) calculate and display.

In other words, the tester 26 according to a further independent idea of the present invention thus able to transfer this information to the cash register located at this "point of sale". This is particularly advantageous if the information transmitted by the tester can already be used for calculations within the cash register, for example for calculating the bill of exchange.

The check can also be done, for example, by one in the tester 26 installed or in a connected via data line with this evaluation unit 25 the evaluation algorithm, like In particular, the encryption algorithm is present and from the measured properties to be encrypted (eg the circles 10 and the serial number 3 ) calculates an encryption result and with the encryption result actually present on the banknote BN (eg the barcode 2 ) is compared. If the comparison shows a match, the bill BN is classified as genuine.

It can also be provided that the evaluation or a part of the evaluation in a security module 23 of the tester 26 , in particular in a chip card 23 he follows. The security module 23 will preferably perform cryptographically encrypted calculations, so that, for example, the encryption algorithm or at least the key for calculating the encryption result from the measured properties itself encoded in the chip of the chip card 23 is stored. This is particularly advantageous for symmetric encryption algorithms in which the secret key of the encryption algorithm must be securely stored. Preferably, the security module 23 of the tester 26 , in particular the chip card 23 be exchangeable in order to easily perform an update of the data necessary for encryption, such as the key and / or the encryption or evaluation algorithm.

Especially in symmetrical method can also be provided that in the Production of banknotes of an extended key and when checking only a part of the production key exists and is used. This has the advantage that even if a counterfeiter unauthorized Access to the subkey he does not get the tester on the production key shut down can.

In this sense, provision may also be made for a central supervisory authority, such as a central bank responsible for banknote-making, to authorize the printers, banks and / or other institutions to generate and / or verify the secret coding by means of secure cards by the central bank 23 provides the secret data necessary for coding or checking the coding, such as the one or more keys and / or at least parts of the encryption algorithms used to calculate the encryption result from the various measurable properties of the banknote BN becomes.

To execute the encryption algorithm, the data is then for example either from the smart card 23 transmitted to an external unit or the data to be encrypted supplied from an external unit of the smart card. The external unit can eg the tester 26 or a machine used in banknote making, such as a laser or inkjet printing machine. The encryption result can then be passed on to the machines used in the banknote production, which then transmits this encryption result, for example in the form of an IR barcode 2 imprint on the banknote.

To keep the key secret may also be provided that the housing of the tester 26 or at least the evaluation processor 25 and / or the security module 23 in which the key is stored is protected from external access. If the housing is opened or broken without permission, for example, also the key stored in a volatile memory can be actively deleted.

It can also be provided that the Device itself checked by the chip card, in particular that the Chip card can determine if manipulations are made to the sensors were.

It can also be provided, at least parts of the evaluation algorithm in an integrated digital signal processor and / or in a special manufactured ASIC processor ("application specific integrated circuit ") carried out become.

It can also be provided that the Processor, security processor, e.g. also the chip card, over public (or published) or a specific group of persons Has interfaces, to the different measuring systems, e.g. Cameras, magnetic heads etc. can be connected. This makes the security processor much more flexible can be used and it is conceivable to operate various detection devices, can prove the different parameters of the banknote.

Farther may also include updating parts of the encryption algorithms, especially the key about one Remote data transmission line, such as. an internet and / or cellular connection.

According to a further independent idea of the present invention, a plurality of encrypted information is stored on the banknote. These can either be applied to the banknote without being related to one another or else combined to form a code. It is of particular advantage if the different encrypted information is encrypted with different encryption algorithms, or even with different keys with the same encryption algorithm. For the bank note check can then be provided, all, a Teilmen or even just one of the encryptions for authenticity. In particular, the selection of the subset of encryptions that are actually verified during verification can also be random, ie vary from check to check of the banknote.

In another expression this idea can successively so many of these encryptions are checked until with sufficient Security can be determined that this is a real banknote is. This will allow some of the encryption, e.g. by destroying the banknote in circulation, to be destroyed can. However, the evaluation of authenticity does not have to be only on the review of Ciphers are based. You can also also to classical authenticity features which can be measured at the point of sale, e.g. the existence of Fluorescence (and / or their properties) are based.

It is also possible to update a counterfeiting database in this way, which forwards data from conventional forgeries to the test equipment so that corresponding banknotes are immediately registered as likely to be incorrectly registered. This is also on the DE 10241149 A1 referred to in the Applicant, are described in more detail in such systems.

According to a further independent idea of the present invention, a two-stage evaluation is carried out. Thus, a preliminary evaluation is performed first, for example, that of an optical sensor, such as an OCR (optical character recognition) reader camera 27 or scanner line D1 determined serial number 3 the banknote BN as one of the encrypted properties. Preferably, it may additionally or alternatively be provided that due to the measurement of the optical sensor 27 , D1 only a partial area of the banknote surface is determined and only within this area or a sub-area of the banknote area derived therefrom the data of the same or of another sensor D1, D2, D3 are measured and / or evaluated in order to measure or to match other of the encrypted properties determine. This can save computing time and speed up the evaluation.

For example, as a result of the evaluation of the optical sensor 27 , D1 the data about this subarea to the evaluation unit 25 and / or the security module 23 which subsequently determines or evaluates other encrypted properties of the banknotes BN only for this area.

For example, become distances or angles between different elements 7 . 10 As the banknote BN is measured, the problem may arise that, for example, bumps, kinks or tears of worn banknotes greatly change the visual perception of the distance measurements on the banknote BN. Therefore, for example, in this case as well, it can first be determined in a first step whether the measured values fulfill predetermined conditions, in the specific case, for example, the distance between two elements 7 respectively. 10 the print image is determined at all.

In a second step, then other measurements are performed and / or other data to the evaluation unit 25 and / or the security module 23 forwarded and / or other evaluations carried out. In the case specifically described, for example, the influences of the kinks or cracks on the measured optical distances are then corrected out.

Farther can also error correction methods are used to increase the reading security. Thus, e.g. be provided that it is checked whether a given Minimum quantity of measured values is evaluable, i. for example, the measured values within predefined Tolerance ranges are and only this evaluable share is then used for further evaluation.

Will eg the serial number during the test 3 , the distribution of the lines 7 and the barcode 2 read or measured, then the predetermined relationship between these measured properties is checked. It can therefore be checked whether the coding, ie the encryption result (barcode 2 ) to the underlying encrypted sizes (serial number 3 , Lines 7 ) fits. If the calculated and the measured coding do not match, the bill BN is removed from the tester 26 rejected as untrue.

If symmetrical methods are used to calculate the coding, as mentioned, in the test equipment 26 a secret key stored, preferably in the security module 23 ,

Essential here is that in addition to the banknote properties 3 . 7 eg also the banknotes individual serial number 3 in the encryption result 2 otherwise an attacker could create a codelist from all combinations of banknote properties with the associated encryption result.

As the measurements of banknote properties in the tester 26 subject to a certain error tolerance, an error correction method can also be provided, with the help of which also slightly different measurement results of the banknote properties always lead to the same encryption result. Bigger differences in the However, measurement results must lead to different Verschlüs selungsergebnisse, since then it must be assumed that another copy of the banknote BN has been measured.

Especially it is advantageous if not only deviations are checked as such, but if additionally checked, whether these deviations in the known when printing the genuine banknotes Production deviations are plausible. Because fakes with other printing methods printed, there occur other tolerances, even if the distances (to the reference banknote) can be absolutely the same or similar.

at the production of the banknote BN are hereby e.g. first the eligible banknote characteristics measured. Subsequently, a Checksum over this readings expected. The method of checksum calculation must be suitable be, mistakes to that extent to be able to correct as with a typical banknote examination or through degradation the banknote may be in circulation. Particularly suitable for this purpose are block coding methods, like Reed-Solomon codes or BCH codes.

The so calculated checksum must at the banknote examination to disposal Therefore, it is also suitably on the banknote BN applied. It can be printed separately on the banknote BN or be housed as message recovery in the encryption result.

at The examination The banknote BN will be the banknote properties in question measured and the associated checksum read or from the encryption result recovered (in the case of message recovery). Subsequently, possible measurement errors corrected with a corresponding decoding algorithm. With the so corrected measured values then becomes the encryption result checked.

If the sensors in the banknote testers 26 Output reliability information, ie information about the quality of the measurements, can be used to improve the error correction in the decoding algorithm (soft-decision decoding). Thus, unreliable measured values are corrected rather than readings taken by the tester 26 were considered reliable.

As mentioned, eg, independently of the coding by means of barcode, several different codes can be present on a banknote. In 1 the case is shown that in addition to the first coding, the result of the barcode 2 indicates that there is still a second coding, the result of which is another barcode 11 indicates. The coded properties and / or the coding result may differ for the different codings. While at the first coding the serial number 3 and characteristics of the printed image 4 encrypted and the encryption result as a barcode 2 For example, properties of the fibers can also be applied 5 , the security thread 8th and the serial number 3 encrypted and the coding result as a barcode 11 have been printed.

It can be provided that the Tester only one Part of all encodings checks and / or an alternate set of all existing or testable encodings verifies the varying amount being e.g. for different measurements can vary or even randomly selected can be.

It can be provided on that first the readability of the multiple codings in a banknote is checked, the e.g. at stronger worn banknotes impaired and the selection of the codes to be tested for them Banknote of readability, i. Verifiability of the codings is dependent.

It should be noted that, although the authenticity check can only be carried out by checking the coding, other measurements of the authenticity check can also be used, for example, which also check non-coded properties of the banknote. For example, in the case of 1 the serial number 3 and characteristics of the printed image 4 encrypted and the encryption result as a bar code 2 Applied to verify the authenticity of not only the coding, but also, for example, the presence of the fibers 5 have to be verified.

at Retail POS applications may include e.g. also be provided that two Testers with different test accuracy and speed are present, with one of the testers a higher accuracy, but longer Measurement and evaluation time has as the other tester. In this Case, the faster, but less accurate first device is preferred first for testing Banknotes BN are used and only if this first Device not clearly the authenticity of the tested Banknotes BN can verify or exclude the second device used for verification become.

However, the same effect can be achieved with only a higher quality tester, if only a faster coarse evaluation and only then a subsequent finer evaluation of the measurement data of the tester 26 is performed when the rough check is not clearly the real verified BN banknotes or can exclude them.

In the case that the banknotes BN in the tester 26 can not be positioned or transported in a defined ebner position, because the banknotes BN eg in a test instrument used in retail 26 individually by the cashier on a shelf 22 . 101 of the tester 26 can be stored, or are kept free in a measuring arrangement, the problem may arise that can not win a sharp image of the entire banknote BN with conventional imaging systems.

According to a further idea, it can therefore also be provided that, in such an optical measurement, a banknote BN to be tested is measured in several different focal planes. For example, the focal plane of the imaging optics of an image camera 27 , D1 can be varied in the measurement of an uneven banknote BN in order in each case to sharply map different areas of the banknote BN and to be able to determine an image of the banknote BN over larger areas from the several measurements at different focal planes.

In retail, the tester 26 continue to be integrated in the scanner cash register for recording the goods to be paid. In this regard, reference is made to DE 10 2004 045 708.5 of the Applicant, in which such variants are described. In particular, a laser beam can be used to read the IR barcode 2 the banknote BN are coupled to the same polygon mirror as a red laser beam for the visible barcode of the goods and / or the banknotes BN.

Become not only the goods to be scanned, but also the banknotes BN to be tested on the same glass plate 101 placed the scanner cash register, so the laser beam is preferably directed over different deflecting mirror in an angled stripe pattern on the scanner glass plate, so that an omnidirectional reading is made possible. 6 shows an example of a reading field with angled strips of the projected laser beam 38 ,

For all mentioned test devices 26 It is also possible to use a plurality of detectors for respectively different measurements and to distribute the light emanating from the bank notes BN to be tested to the respective detectors by means of a beam splitter.

7 shows a schematic top view of another in a goods scanner cashier 40 integrated test device 26 for banknotes BN. The goods are used to scan the price tags in the transport direction T1 over one in an area 45 integrated glass plate 46 a known barcode scanner 41 drawn. To check the authenticity of banknotes BN is now in the area 45 in addition a tester 26 integrated, which, for example, both an image measurement using the barcode scanner 41 performs as well as a magnetic sensor 43 can have. Will the banknote BN now in the direction 72 (perpendicular to direction T1) on this tester 26 In addition, optical measurements and magnetic measurements of banknote characteristics can be made to measure and verify the coding and coded properties.

The integration of the magnetic sensor 43 in the edge of the area 45 makes it easier for the operator to touch the banknote over the magnetic sensor 43 to pull, which may be necessary in particular for the very distance-dependent magnetic measurements. In addition, eg funnel-shaped guide elements 42 in the area 45 be provided to pass the banknote BN in a largely defined position. This arrangement is particularly advantageous for integrating magnetically coded information, which can be read in the withdrawal direction of the banknote, into the checking of the authenticity of the banknote BN.

It is also a tester conceivable specifically designed to detect optically variable elements, which when viewed from different sides a different Have color impression. Through the use of line scan cameras with two Various circularly polarizing filters can provide additional information from the Difference image can be obtained if appropriate to test the coding Properties of safety elements measured on a liquid-crystalline basis be, as described in detail in WO 2004/011273 A2 of the Applicant are described.

As mentioned, in a handheld tester not just a picture camera 27 For example, with a two-dimensional CCD array, but also a line scan camera for taking two-dimensional images of banknotes BN are used when the banknote BN is manually moved past the measurement window of the line scan camera.

In the example of 7 can such a line sensor instead of the barcode scanner 41z .B. parallel to the magnetic sensor 43 , ie be oriented perpendicular to the withdrawal direction of the banknotes BN. Alternatively, it is also possible to provide only individual measuring tracks which, for example, alternately detect alternating properties in a row.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the tester 26 can independently determine whether a bill BN in the measuring range of the tester 26 , such as on a shelf 22 . 45 . 101 of the tester is located, then the corresponding mes Sun gene to perform. This can be done for example by means of an infrared illumination, which does not disturb the operator of the tester and preferably also for the measurement of IR light, such as the IR barcode 2 , can serve. Only when thus a banknote BN is detected in the measuring window, then further illumination and / or measuring channels are activated for checking the banknote BN and, for example, only then also a visible or ultraviolet illumination is switched on.

Around Also to be able to detect two-dimensional barcodes, it is also conceivable that surface or with a larger number is measured from closely adjacent tracks.

8th shows in a schematic way a part of a test device which can be used for this purpose 26 for measuring a barcode, in particular also a two-dimensional barcode 30 a banknote BN. The tester 26 to 8th has a glass plate 31 for the application of a banknote BN to be checked. A light source 33 serves to illuminate a micromirror rotatable in two perpendicular directions 34 , By turning the micromirror 34 in the two directions is possible, that of the light source 33 outgoing laser beam line by line over the entire scanning range 32 the glass plate 31 distract. The use of such non-planar scanning by means of a mirror automatically adjustable in two vertical directions mirror 34 is particularly useful with handheld testers, since it does not depend on extremely high scanning speeds and therefore sufficient time remains, by adjusting the mirror 34 to scan the banknote BN flat. This can also be achieved by a two-dimensional barcode 30 outgoing radiation via an imaging optics 35 from a detector 36 be detected.

For all the aforementioned embodiments, as radiation sources B1, B2, 28 special light or laser diodes are used which emit monochromatic light, ie light of a narrow frequency band of the electromagnetic spectrum, or multi-spectral or multi-colored light. Preferably, however, at least light-emitting diodes are also used which emit wavelengths from the near infrared range or the far infrared range. Likewise, it is possible to use light-emitting diodes or lasers which emit in the ultraviolet or in the subsequent blue spectral range.

Likewise, with the use of appropriate detectors and radiation sources, it is possible to perform simultaneous measurements in the visible and near IR range or a simultaneous or exclusive scanning of luminescent or fluorescent structures. This makes it possible, for example, to simultaneously detect two or more barcodes, eg a red and an IR-absorbing barcode 2 ,

In conclusion, be mentioned, that too already within the manufacturing devices after application the codings a verification of the codings can be done. In itself, this test can also before the first edition the value documents outside the manufacturing devices in an external device.

Claims (48)

Leaf-shaped value document (BN) with a code which can be detected in the non-visible spectral range (BN) 2 . 11 . 30 ), in particular a barcode ( 2 . 11 . 30 ) wherein the code is a coding result of an encoding of one or more measurable and / or derived from measured values coded properties ( 3 . 4 . 5 . 7 . 10 . 14 ) of the value document. Value document according to claim 1, characterized in that the value document (BN) has several different codes ( 2 . 11 ), wherein coded properties and / or the coding result differ in the different codings. Value document according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the code ( 2 . 11 . 30 ) is provided with feature substances which have a significant absorption in the range from 1000 to 2500 nm and no significant absorption in the visible spectral range and at 800 nm. Value document according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the code ( 2 . 11 . 30 ) is provided with feature substances which appear colorless or only slightly colored in the visible spectral range and have a significant absorption in the near infrared, in particular at a wavelength between 750 nm and 1000 nm. Value document according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the code ( 2 . 11 . 30 ) is provided with absorbing feature substances in the infrared and with luminescent feature substances Value document according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coding result ( 2 . 11 . 30 ) and / or the encoded properties ( 3 . 4 . 5 . 7 . 10 . 14 ) in each case either in sunlight visible to the human eye properties and / or invisible in sunlight for the human Au invisible properties and / or in sunlight for the human eye sunlight are inconspicuous features. Value document according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that all or part of the coded properties ( 3 . 4 . 5 . 7 . 10 . 14 ) at different value documents (BN) or different groups of value documents (BN) selectively and / or randomly in the production of the value documents (BN) vary. Value document after at least one of the previous ones Claims, characterized in that the encoded properties a laser treated area of the value document. Value document according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two or all of the coded properties ( 3 . 4 . 5 . 7 . 10 . 14 ) and / or the coding result ( 2 . 11 . 30 ) of the value document have been produced by different methods, such as different printing methods. Method for producing a sheet-shaped value document (BN), characterized in that at least one measurable and / or derivable property ( 3 . 4 . 5 . 7 . 10 . 14 ) of the value document (BN) and at least from this property an encoding ( 2 . 11 . 30 ) and the value document (BN) with a code which can be detected in the non-visible spectral range ( 2 . 11 . 30 ) indicating the coding result. Manufacturing method according to claim 10, characterized characterized in that at least two or all of the coded properties and / or the coding result of the value document (BN) with different methods, e.g. different printing methods have been produced. Manufacturing method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the Encoding symmetric or asymmetric encryption methods be used. Manufacturing method according to at least one of Claims 10 to 12, characterized in that a symmetrical encryption method is used for the coding, if the code as the coding result is a one-dimensional barcode ( 2 . 11 ) and / or an asymmetric encryption method is used for the coding, if the code as the coding result is a two-dimensional barcode ( 30 ). Manufacturing method according to at least one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that in the production of a predetermined quantity of value documents ( 13 ), which, for example, are all part of a document of value ( 12 ), all or only part of the properties of each value document to be coded are measured. Manufacturing method according to at least one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that in the production of a predetermined amount of value documents ( 13 ), which, for example, are all part of a document of value ( 12 ), all or part of the properties to be coded are measured only by a part of all value documents of the given set of value documents. Manufacturing method according to at least one of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that in the production of a predetermined amount of value documents ( 13 ), which, for example, are all part of a document of value ( 12 ), only for part of the value documents ( 13 ) a property, such as one of the properties to be coded or measured or otherwise determined, and the properties to be coded and / or the coding result of another part of the value documents is concluded. Manufacturing method according to at least one of Claims 10 to 16, characterized in that data used for coding is stored in a security module ( 23 ), in particular in an exchangeable security module such as a chip card ( 23 ) and / or data used for the coding are loaded into a control processor of a manufacturing device in order subsequently to calculate the coding and / or to apply the coding result. Manufacturing method according to at least one of claims 10 to 17, characterized in that a check sum of measured values to the coded or to be coded properties ( 3 . 4 . 5 . 7 . 10 . 14 ) is calculated and the value document (BN) is provided with the checksum. Production method according to claim 18, characterized characterized in that checksum is printed separately on the value document (BN) and / or component of the coding result. Manufacturing method according to one of the preceding manufacturing method claims, characterized in that an exposure method is used to convert into a photosensitive layer ( 60 ) of the value document (BN) information, such as the code ( 2 . 11 . 30 ). Apparatus for producing a sheet-shaped value document (BN), characterized by a measuring device in order to obtain at least one measurable and / or property ( 3 . 4 . 5 . 7 . 10 . 14 ) of the value document (BN) a calculation device to at least from this property an encoding ( 2 . 11 . 30 ) and means for acquiring the value document (BN) with a code detectable in the non-visible spectral range ( 2 . 11 . 30 ), which indicates the coding result. Method for checking a sheet-shaped value document (BN) with a code that can be detected in the non-visible spectral range ( 2 . 11 . 30 ), wherein the code is a coding result of an encoding of one or more measurable and / or derived from measured values coded properties ( 3 . 4 . 5 . 7 . 10 . 14 ) of the value document, whereby both the code and the properties used for the coding are measured and / or determined for testing. test methods according to claim 22, characterized in that the examination of the coding at cash registers for a- or to be paid out banknotes. test methods according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that for testing the Value document (BN) both the coding result, as well as coded Properties are measured. test methods according to one of the previous test method claims, characterized characterized in that the measurements of the coded properties a coding result calculated and the calculated coding result with that of the value document measured coding result is compared. Test method according to one of the preceding test method claims, characterized in that at least part of the evaluation of the measured values in a safety module ( 23 ), in particular in an exchangeable security module such as a chip card ( 23 ) he follows. Test method according to one of the preceding test method claims, characterized in that data used for the coding and / or the verification of the coding are stored in a security module ( 23 ), in particular in an exchangeable security module such as a chip card ( 23 ) are stored. test methods according to one of the previous test method claims, characterized characterized in that a two-stage evaluation of measured values he follows. test methods according to one of the previous test method claims, characterized characterized in that a first evaluation step is determined whether certain measured values or derived variables satisfy conditions and only if these conditions are met, in a second Step other readings recorded and / or other readings be evaluated. test methods according to one of the previous test method claims, characterized characterized in that a Error correction method is used. test methods according to one of the previous test method claims, characterized characterized in that first checked is whether a predetermined minimum amount of all measured values can be evaluated and only this evaluable proportion of all measured values then used for further evaluation. Test method according to one of the preceding test method claims, characterized in that two different testing devices ( 26 ) or test method with different test accuracy and / or test speed, and one of the testers or test methods is then used for testing if the other tester or test method provides specific test results. test methods according to one of the previous test method claims, characterized characterized in that a to be tested Value document (BN) in several different focal planes optically is measured. Test method according to one of the preceding test method claims, characterized in that in the case of a goods scanner cash register ( 40 ) with a test device ( 26 ) for value documents, the goods to be detected are transported in a different direction (T1) than the value documents to be checked (T2). Test method according to one of the preceding test method claims, characterized in that value documents (BN) to be tested are passed over an edge of a test device ( 26 ) to be pulled. test methods according to one of the previous test method claims, characterized characterized in that local Elongations and / or deformations of the value document (BN), in particular on smaller scales of less than 1 cm, preferably less than about 5 mm, be compensated in the evaluation of the measured values. Test method according to one of the preceding test method claims, characterized in that the value document contains a plurality of different codes ( 2 . 11 ) and the testing device ( 26 ) checks only a part of all codings and / or checks an alternating amount from all existing or testable codings. Test method according to one of the preceding test method claims, characterized in that the value document contains a plurality of different codes ( 2 . 11 ) and the testing device ( 26 ) first checks the readability of the plurality of codings in a value document (BN) to be checked, and the selection of the codes to be checked for this note depends on the readability of the codings. Contraption ( 26 ) for checking a sheet-shaped value document (BN) with a code which can be detected in the non-visible spectral range ( 2 . 11 . 30 ), wherein the code is a coding result of an encoding of one or more measurable and / or derived from measured values coded properties ( 3 . 4 . 5 . 7 . 10 . 14 ) of the value document, whereby both the code and the properties used for the coding can be determined for checking. Tester according to claim 39, characterized by a plurality of different ones Radiation sources (B1, B2) and several different detectors (D1 to D3) for testing the value documents. Test device according to one of the preceding test device claims, characterized in that the test device ( 26 ) a magneto-optical detector ( 105 ) and can be detected by optical means both magnetic and optical coded or coded properties or coding results of the value documents (BN). Test device according to one of the preceding test device claims, characterized by a storage surface ( 22 ) for documents of value to be checked, one or more light sources ( 28 ), which can irradiate the value documents preferably in multiplex operation with light of different wavelengths, in particular with visible, UV and IR light over a large area and one or more image cameras ( 27 ), which can receive a two-dimensional image of an illuminated area of the value document (BN). Test device according to one of the preceding test device claims, characterized in that the evaluation or a part of the evaluation in a safety module ( 23 ), in particular in an exchangeable security module such as a chip card ( 23 ) he follows. Test device according to one of the preceding test device claims, characterized by an interface for an exchangeable safety module ( 23 ), in particular an exchangeable chip card ( 23 ) for use in the evaluation of measured values of the test apparatus ( 26 ). Test device according to one of the preceding test device claims, characterized in that the test device ( 26 ) in a goods scanner cash register ( 40 ) is integrated. Test device according to one of the preceding test device claims, characterized in that the test device comprises a magnetic sensor ( 43 ) in an area ( 45 ) of the goods scanner cash register ( 40 ), in particular in an edge region of the surface ( 45 ) having. Test apparatus according to one of the preceding test apparatus claims, characterized by means for determining whether a value document (BN) to be tested is located on a storage surface ( 22 . 31 . 101 ) of the test device ( 26 ) is located. Test device according to one of the preceding test device claims, characterized by a micromirror rotatable in two perpendicular directions ( 34 ) for planar scanning of value documents (BN) to be checked.