CN1685703A - “指纹”的提取 - Google Patents

“指纹”的提取 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1685703A
CN1685703A CNA038233924A CN03823392A CN1685703A CN 1685703 A CN1685703 A CN 1685703A CN A038233924 A CNA038233924 A CN A038233924A CN 03823392 A CN03823392 A CN 03823392A CN 1685703 A CN1685703 A CN 1685703A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
sequence
fingerprint
signal
media signal
automatic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CNA038233924A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
J·A·海特斯马
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gracenote Inc
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Publication of CN1685703A publication Critical patent/CN1685703A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10HELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/0033Recording/reproducing or transmission of music for electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/0041Recording/reproducing or transmission of music for electrophonic musical instruments in coded form
    • G10H1/0058Transmission between separate instruments or between individual components of a musical system
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F18/00Pattern recognition
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/32Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/32Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N1/32101Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N1/32106Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title separate from the image data, e.g. in a different computer file
    • H04N1/32122Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title separate from the image data, e.g. in a different computer file in a separate device, e.g. in a memory or on a display separate from image data
    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10HELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2250/00Aspects of algorithms or signal processing methods without intrinsic musical character, yet specifically adapted for or used in electrophonic musical processing
    • G10H2250/131Mathematical functions for musical analysis, processing, synthesis or composition
    • G10H2250/135Autocorrelation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10HELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2250/00Aspects of algorithms or signal processing methods without intrinsic musical character, yet specifically adapted for or used in electrophonic musical processing
    • G10H2250/131Mathematical functions for musical analysis, processing, synthesis or composition
    • G10H2250/161Logarithmic functions, scaling or conversion, e.g. to reflect human auditory perception of loudness or frequency
    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10HELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2250/00Aspects of algorithms or signal processing methods without intrinsic musical character, yet specifically adapted for or used in electrophonic musical processing
    • G10H2250/131Mathematical functions for musical analysis, processing, synthesis or composition
    • G10H2250/215Transforms, i.e. mathematical transforms into domains appropriate for musical signal processing, coding or compression
    • G10H2250/235Fourier transform; Discrete Fourier Transform [DFT]; Fast Fourier Transform [FFT]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10LSPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/018Audio watermarking, i.e. embedding inaudible data in the audio signal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3225Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to an image, a page or a document
    • H04N2201/3233Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to an image, a page or a document of authentication information, e.g. digital signature, watermark
    • H04N2201/3235Checking or certification of the authentication information, e.g. by comparison with data stored independently
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3225Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to an image, a page or a document
    • H04N2201/3233Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to an image, a page or a document of authentication information, e.g. digital signature, watermark
    • H04N2201/3236Details of authentication information generation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3274Storage or retrieval of prestored additional information

Abstract

“指纹”是指从媒体信号(例如:一个音频或视频片断)中提取的位串,用以识别所述媒体信号。具体讲,他们是通过信号的可感知性被收集到的,例如,一个音频片断的频谱能量分配或者一个视频图像的亮度分布。这里揭示的是一种相对于可感知性的偏移稳固的提取“指纹”的方法和装置。尤其当“指纹”是源自一个音频信号的对数映射的频谱能量分配,并且该音频信号是处在速度变化之中时会发生这种偏移。根据本发明,指纹不是源自前面讲的媒体信号的可感知性,而是来自它的自动相关功能。

Description

“指纹”的提取
技术领域:
本发明涉及从媒体信号中提取“指纹”的方法和装置。
背景技术
“指纹”,一般也称作签名或者杂乱的信号,是从多媒体内容,比如:歌曲,图象图片,一个视频片断等中提取的比特序列。多媒体“指纹”特别是在鉴别领域,在需要时可以用来识别所接收到的内容是否为原始内容,或者探测内容是否被篡改。“指纹”也常常被用来识别媒体内容。一个在不远的将来即将流行的服务就是音频识别。从一段未知的音乐中提取的“指纹”被发送到一个可以查阅音乐的名称,音乐家的名字和其他元数据的数据库,然后再返回的消费者。
一个已知的从媒体信号中提取指纹的方法在申请人的编号为WO02/065782国际专利申请中被披露。这一现有技术的方法显示在图1中。这个媒体信号(这里的是一首歌)被分成叠加的帧(101)。每一帧的频谱表示通过一个快速傅里叶变换(102)而获得。子频带中对数间隔的音频信号的能量随后被计算出来(103)。在300-200赫兹范围内的频带是可感知的最相关范围。该33的能量级构成了一相应音频信号帧的可感知特性样本的一个序列。为了相对音频信号的绝对音量不变化和阻止一个主单音频为连续帧生成相同序列,一个简单的2维滤波器(104)被用于在获得32个差分特性样本前的频谱图上。该序列随后被一个适当的阈值操作(105)转换成一些比特串(105)。更具体的,一个特定帧的一个子频带,如果与相邻子频带的能量差不同大于与它相邻的前面一帧中子频带的能量差,则被分配比特“1”。否则,指纹比特是“0”。
该已知的方法为每一个音频帧生成一个32比特的字符串(约等于0.4秒)。这些帧最好重叠(例如系数31/32),因此比特串随着时间缓慢改变。这样指纹的提取不会随着时间偏移和帧边界定位的变化而变化。具有代表性的,256个重叠帧的块,即256×32=8192b比特(约等于3秒的音频)被用来识别一首歌。
现有技术的指纹提取方法相对于所有普遍使用的音频处理步骤已经非常稳固,如MP3编码,抽样率的变换,数字与模拟间的转换,均衡。但是,它相对速度变化却不稳固。广播电台加快几个百分点的播放速度是很普遍的。这样做应该有两个原因。第一,歌曲的播放时间会更短,因此可以让他们能播放更多的商业内容。第二,这些歌曲的节拍会快一些,而且听众看起来喜欢这样。这种速度的变化一般在0-4%之间。
发明目的和概述:
本发明的目的之一是提供一个改进的从媒体信号中提取指纹的方法和装置。
根据本发明,为了实现这个目的,提取方法包含从媒体信号获得信号的给定的可感知特性的样本序列;将特性样本施加一个自动相关函数,以获得一自动相关值序列;把这个自动相关值与各自的阈值比较;通过各自的指纹比特表现这个比较的结果。
本发明的提取方法与现有技术的指纹提取方法不同,本发明的指纹比特不是从信号的可感知特性上获得,而是从所述特性的自动相关获得的。本发明是根据一种认知,即音频信号的速度变化导致子频带中的能量级从一个子频带转移到另一个子频带,并且利用了自动相关函数偏移不变的特性。
该自动相关函数在一个持续的时间域内是众所周知的。但是,我们这里要解决的是有限的特性值序列(如能量水平)。因此,根据本发明的方法的一个实际应用的具体实施例,预期的自动相关是通过将一个特性样本子序列和特性样本的完整序列相关来近似的。
该自动相关函数最好是通过大量的大于预期指纹比特量的特性样本量被计算出的。被计算出的自动相关函数的下采样被用来获得预期的自动相关数值。
附图简述:
图1示意性地显示现有技术从音频信号提取指纹的方案。
图2示意性地现实根据本发明从音频信号中提取指纹的方案。
具体实施例
一个音频信号的速度变化导致时间和频域的失调。关于时间的失调,一个音频摘录2%的速率改变导致这个摘录第250个指纹被从原摘录的第255个指纹处提取到。幸而,为了位移的不变,指纹是这样被构建的,它沿着时间轴具有相关性。因此,原始摘录和速度改变的相同摘录之间的BFR(比特错误率)不会由于时间的失调而大大增加。
因此速度大量改变所引起的的主要问题是频率失调。在图1所示的现有方案中,2%的提速将会导致由傅里叶变换获得一个频谱的频率轴缩放。例如,一个500赫兹的音调导致一个510赫兹的音调和一个1000赫兹的音调导致一个1020赫兹的音调。在计算频谱后,对数间隔频带里的能量被确定了。因为频带被对数地间隔,速度的变化导致的能量从一个频带改变到了下一个频带。从一个频带到下一个频带的能量偏移越大,提取指纹的比特错误的可能性越大。这是因为,该指纹的比特是被相邻频带的能量差异所决定的。
已经建议用强制的途径去识别显著速率变化的音频。强制途径包括在数据库中存储在多种速度下提取的指纹,或者在数据库中查寻在多种速度下提取的指纹。这种方法的缺点是,搜索的速度和/或储存的规格被提高系数N,N即在具体应用中所需的不同速率数。
图2显示的一个根据本发明从一个音频信号中提取指纹的装置。在该图中,相同的参数被用作在图1已经讨论过的同一的或相似的步骤。更具体的,该音频信号被分为重叠的帧(101)和每一帧的频谱被计算(102)。
一个自动相关的步骤(202)是取得更好的速度变化复原能力的基本步骤。一个速度变化导致被计算出的能量矢量的移位。自动相关有位移不变的特性。就像一般的所知,一个连续函数f(t)的自动相关p(x)是:
ρ ( x ) = ∫ - ∞ ∞ f ( t ) f ( t + x ) dt
但是,我们在这里并不涉及一个无限的连续函数f(t),而是一个有限的特性样本(能量)序列。为了从统计的大量的特性样本中计算出自动相关,512个子频带的能量被计算(201),而不是33个子频带。该频带仍然是对数的而且仍在300赫兹到2000赫兹的范围内。因而该频带有一个较小的带宽。该自动相关被通过将能量的一个子序列和完整的序列相关来近似。更具体的,如下从子频带能量样本E(j)计算出自动相关ρ[x]:
ρ [ x ] = Σ j = 1 M E ( K + j ) E ( x + j ) forx = 1,2 , · · , N - M
其中N表示整个能量矢量的长度(这里N=512),M表示子序列的长度和K表示子序列在该完整序列中开始的位置。M和K的典型设置分别是64和96。为了提高稳固性,该产生出的自动相关值被选择性地低通滤波(203)。该低通滤波的自动相关具有512-64=448个值,而在执行该阅值操作前,需要33个输入值,以用于2维滤波器(104)。因此,该448个自动相关值在一个下抽样器里被向下采样到33个值(204)。所产生出的指纹是一个每一帧的32比特字符串。
虽然已经参考音频指纹提取描述了本发明的方法和装置的实施例,但是本发明并不限于此。申请人已经提到的国际专利申请WO02/065782揭示了视频指纹的提取方法,其中指纹是从每个图像被划分成的图象块的平均亮度值获得的。根据本发明,每个图像被分成大量的图块,图块的一个子集(一个“超级图块”)对于所述超级块的一些位置被与该整个图像相关。该获得的自动相关值的序列不随视频图像的位移而变化。该序列被选择性地低通滤波,随后被向下取样。
本发明可以被总结如下。指纹是被从媒体信号(如一个音频或视频片断)中提取的比特字符串,用以识别所述媒体信号。典型的,他们被从信号的可感知特性获得,例如,一个音频片断的频谱能量分布或者一个视频图像的亮度分布。这里揭示的是一个相对于可感知的特性位移稳固的提取指纹的方法和装置。这种位移发生在指纹从一个音频信号的对数映射的频谱的能量分布获得时的,所述音频信号有速度的改变。根据本发明,该指纹不是被从可感知特性提取的,而是通过它的自动相关函数提取的。

Claims (7)

1.一种从媒体信号提取指纹的方法,包含从所述的媒体信号中提取信号的给定的可感知特性的样本序列,和从所述序列获得构成所述指纹的一个二进制序列的步骤,其中所述方法包含如下步骤:
给特性样本序列施加一个自动相关函数(202),以获得一个自动相关值的序列;
比较(105)所述的自动相关值与各自的阈值;
通过指纹的各个比特表示出所述比较的结果。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中给特性样本序列施加自动相关函数的所述步骤包括,将特性样本的一个子序列和特性样本的完整序列相关。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中给特性样本序列施加自动相关函数的所述步骤进一步包括,对自动相关值下采样(204),以获得所需个数的自动相关值。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中从所述媒体信号获取可感知特性值的序列的步骤包括,将一个音频信号划分成子频带并且计算所述音频子频带的能量。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中从所述媒体信号获取一个可感知特性序列的步骤包括,将图象划分成块并计算所述图象块的亮度。
6.一种用于从媒体信号提取指纹的设备,包括用于从所述媒体信号获取信号的给定可感知特性样本序列的装置,用于从所述序列获取构成所述指纹的二进制序列的装置,其特征在于,所述设备包括:
装置,用于给特性样本序列施加一个自动相关函数,以获得一个自动相关值序列;
装置,用于比较所述自动相关值和相应的阈值;和
用指纹的相应比特表示所述比较的结果。
7.一个计算机程序,包括使可编程设备执行以下步骤的指令:
从接收的媒体信号获取信号的给定可感知特性的样本序列;
给特性样本施加一个自动相关函数,以获得一个自动相关值序列;
比较所述自动相关值和相应的阈值;
通过相应的指纹比特表示所述比较的结果。
CNA038233924A 2002-09-30 2003-08-11 “指纹”的提取 Pending CN1685703A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02079072 2002-09-30
EP02079072.1 2002-09-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1685703A true CN1685703A (zh) 2005-10-19

Family

ID=32039182

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNA038233924A Pending CN1685703A (zh) 2002-09-30 2003-08-11 “指纹”的提取

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20060041753A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1550297B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2006501498A (zh)
KR (1) KR20050046815A (zh)
CN (1) CN1685703A (zh)
AT (1) ATE426297T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU2003259400A1 (zh)
DE (1) DE60326743D1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2004030341A1 (zh)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103179430A (zh) * 2011-12-20 2013-06-26 中国电信股份有限公司 基于云计算的音视频内容转码方法、装置和服务器
CN103455514A (zh) * 2012-06-01 2013-12-18 腾讯科技(深圳)有限公司 音频文件更新方法及更新装置
CN103501449A (zh) * 2013-10-08 2014-01-08 十分(北京)信息科技有限公司 与电视节目关联的视频源推荐方法及推荐装置
CN106663102A (zh) * 2014-04-04 2017-05-10 Teletrax有限公司 用于生成信息信号的指纹的方法和装置

Families Citing this family (51)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7362775B1 (en) * 1996-07-02 2008-04-22 Wistaria Trading, Inc. Exchange mechanisms for digital information packages with bandwidth securitization, multichannel digital watermarks, and key management
US5613004A (en) 1995-06-07 1997-03-18 The Dice Company Steganographic method and device
US7664263B2 (en) 1998-03-24 2010-02-16 Moskowitz Scott A Method for combining transfer functions with predetermined key creation
US6205249B1 (en) * 1998-04-02 2001-03-20 Scott A. Moskowitz Multiple transform utilization and applications for secure digital watermarking
US7159116B2 (en) 1999-12-07 2007-01-02 Blue Spike, Inc. Systems, methods and devices for trusted transactions
US7457962B2 (en) 1996-07-02 2008-11-25 Wistaria Trading, Inc Optimization methods for the insertion, protection, and detection of digital watermarks in digitized data
US7095874B2 (en) * 1996-07-02 2006-08-22 Wistaria Trading, Inc. Optimization methods for the insertion, protection, and detection of digital watermarks in digitized data
US5889868A (en) * 1996-07-02 1999-03-30 The Dice Company Optimization methods for the insertion, protection, and detection of digital watermarks in digitized data
US7177429B2 (en) 2000-12-07 2007-02-13 Blue Spike, Inc. System and methods for permitting open access to data objects and for securing data within the data objects
US7346472B1 (en) * 2000-09-07 2008-03-18 Blue Spike, Inc. Method and device for monitoring and analyzing signals
US7730317B2 (en) 1996-12-20 2010-06-01 Wistaria Trading, Inc. Linear predictive coding implementation of digital watermarks
US7664264B2 (en) 1999-03-24 2010-02-16 Blue Spike, Inc. Utilizing data reduction in steganographic and cryptographic systems
US7475246B1 (en) 1999-08-04 2009-01-06 Blue Spike, Inc. Secure personal content server
EP2136306B1 (en) 2000-08-23 2013-03-20 Gracenote, Inc. Method and system for obtaining information
US7127615B2 (en) 2000-09-20 2006-10-24 Blue Spike, Inc. Security based on subliminal and supraliminal channels for data objects
DE60228202D1 (de) * 2001-02-12 2008-09-25 Gracenote Inc Verfahren zum erzeugen einer identifikations hash vom inhalt einer multimedia datei
US7020304B2 (en) * 2002-01-22 2006-03-28 Digimarc Corporation Digital watermarking and fingerprinting including synchronization, layering, version control, and compressed embedding
KR20040086350A (ko) 2002-02-05 2004-10-08 코닌클리케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. 핑거프린트의 효율적 저장
US7287275B2 (en) 2002-04-17 2007-10-23 Moskowitz Scott A Methods, systems and devices for packet watermarking and efficient provisioning of bandwidth
CN1708758A (zh) * 2002-11-01 2005-12-14 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 改进的音频数据指纹搜索
AU2003274545A1 (en) * 2002-11-12 2004-06-03 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Fingerprinting multimedia contents
US20150051967A1 (en) 2004-05-27 2015-02-19 Anonymous Media Research, Llc Media usage monitoring and measurment system and method
US20070106405A1 (en) * 2005-08-19 2007-05-10 Gracenote, Inc. Method and system to provide reference data for identification of digital content
WO2007053112A1 (en) * 2005-11-07 2007-05-10 Agency For Science, Technology And Research Repeat clip identification in video data
US20080274687A1 (en) 2007-05-02 2008-11-06 Roberts Dale T Dynamic mixed media package
US9154942B2 (en) 2008-11-26 2015-10-06 Free Stream Media Corp. Zero configuration communication between a browser and a networked media device
US9519772B2 (en) 2008-11-26 2016-12-13 Free Stream Media Corp. Relevancy improvement through targeting of information based on data gathered from a networked device associated with a security sandbox of a client device
US10977693B2 (en) 2008-11-26 2021-04-13 Free Stream Media Corp. Association of content identifier of audio-visual data with additional data through capture infrastructure
US10334324B2 (en) 2008-11-26 2019-06-25 Free Stream Media Corp. Relevant advertisement generation based on a user operating a client device communicatively coupled with a networked media device
US10419541B2 (en) 2008-11-26 2019-09-17 Free Stream Media Corp. Remotely control devices over a network without authentication or registration
US8180891B1 (en) 2008-11-26 2012-05-15 Free Stream Media Corp. Discovery, access control, and communication with networked services from within a security sandbox
US10880340B2 (en) 2008-11-26 2020-12-29 Free Stream Media Corp. Relevancy improvement through targeting of information based on data gathered from a networked device associated with a security sandbox of a client device
US9986279B2 (en) 2008-11-26 2018-05-29 Free Stream Media Corp. Discovery, access control, and communication with networked services
US9961388B2 (en) 2008-11-26 2018-05-01 David Harrison Exposure of public internet protocol addresses in an advertising exchange server to improve relevancy of advertisements
US10631068B2 (en) 2008-11-26 2020-04-21 Free Stream Media Corp. Content exposure attribution based on renderings of related content across multiple devices
US10567823B2 (en) 2008-11-26 2020-02-18 Free Stream Media Corp. Relevant advertisement generation based on a user operating a client device communicatively coupled with a networked media device
WO2010135623A1 (en) * 2009-05-21 2010-11-25 Digimarc Corporation Robust signatures derived from local nonlinear filters
KR101884483B1 (ko) 2010-07-21 2018-08-01 디-박스 테크놀러지스 인코포레이트 미디어 인식 및 움직임 신호와의 동기화
US10515523B2 (en) 2010-07-21 2019-12-24 D-Box Technologies Inc. Media recognition and synchronization to a motion signal
CN102783034B (zh) * 2011-02-01 2014-12-17 华为技术有限公司 用于提供信号处理系数的方法和设备
US9196028B2 (en) 2011-09-23 2015-11-24 Digimarc Corporation Context-based smartphone sensor logic
US8995708B2 (en) * 2011-09-08 2015-03-31 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Apparatus and method for robust low-complexity video fingerprinting
US8989376B2 (en) * 2012-03-29 2015-03-24 Alcatel Lucent Method and apparatus for authenticating video content
US8886635B2 (en) * 2012-05-23 2014-11-11 Enswers Co., Ltd. Apparatus and method for recognizing content using audio signal
US9153239B1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2015-10-06 Google Inc. Differentiating between near identical versions of a song
US9652945B2 (en) 2013-09-06 2017-05-16 Immersion Corporation Method and system for providing haptic effects based on information complementary to multimedia content
US9711014B2 (en) * 2013-09-06 2017-07-18 Immersion Corporation Systems and methods for generating haptic effects associated with transitions in audio signals
US9576445B2 (en) 2013-09-06 2017-02-21 Immersion Corp. Systems and methods for generating haptic effects associated with an envelope in audio signals
US9619980B2 (en) 2013-09-06 2017-04-11 Immersion Corporation Systems and methods for generating haptic effects associated with audio signals
US20160005410A1 (en) * 2014-07-07 2016-01-07 Serguei Parilov System, apparatus, and method for audio fingerprinting and database searching for audio identification
CN110322886A (zh) * 2018-03-29 2019-10-11 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司 一种音频指纹提取方法及装置

Family Cites Families (68)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4677466A (en) * 1985-07-29 1987-06-30 A. C. Nielsen Company Broadcast program identification method and apparatus
US5019899A (en) * 1988-11-01 1991-05-28 Control Data Corporation Electronic data encoding and recognition system
JP2637816B2 (ja) * 1989-02-13 1997-08-06 パイオニア株式会社 情報再生装置
JPH05509409A (ja) * 1990-06-21 1993-12-22 レイノルズ ソフトウエア,インコーポレイティド 波動分析・事象認識方法およびその装置
US5436653A (en) * 1992-04-30 1995-07-25 The Arbitron Company Method and system for recognition of broadcast segments
US5703795A (en) * 1992-06-22 1997-12-30 Mankovitz; Roy J. Apparatus and methods for accessing information relating to radio and television programs
US7171016B1 (en) * 1993-11-18 2007-01-30 Digimarc Corporation Method for monitoring internet dissemination of image, video and/or audio files
US6546112B1 (en) * 1993-11-18 2003-04-08 Digimarc Corporation Security document with steganographically-encoded authentication data
US5822436A (en) * 1996-04-25 1998-10-13 Digimarc Corporation Photographic products and methods employing embedded information
US6408082B1 (en) * 1996-04-25 2002-06-18 Digimarc Corporation Watermark detection using a fourier mellin transform
US5499294A (en) * 1993-11-24 1996-03-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Digital camera with apparatus for authentication of images produced from an image file
US5790793A (en) * 1995-04-04 1998-08-04 Higley; Thomas Method and system to create, transmit, receive and process information, including an address to further information
US5616876A (en) * 1995-04-19 1997-04-01 Microsoft Corporation System and methods for selecting music on the basis of subjective content
US5751672A (en) * 1995-07-26 1998-05-12 Sony Corporation Compact disc changer utilizing disc database
US6829368B2 (en) * 2000-01-26 2004-12-07 Digimarc Corporation Establishing and interacting with on-line media collections using identifiers in media signals
US6505160B1 (en) * 1995-07-27 2003-01-07 Digimarc Corporation Connected audio and other media objects
JPH0991434A (ja) * 1995-09-28 1997-04-04 Hamamatsu Photonics Kk 人物照合装置
US5767893A (en) * 1995-10-11 1998-06-16 International Business Machines Corporation Method and apparatus for content based downloading of video programs
US5893910A (en) * 1996-01-04 1999-04-13 Softguard Enterprises Inc. Method and apparatus for establishing the legitimacy of use of a block of digitally represented information
US6034925A (en) * 1996-12-02 2000-03-07 Thomson Consumer Electronics, Inc. Accessing control method for identifying a recording medium in a jukebox
US5925843A (en) * 1997-02-12 1999-07-20 Virtual Music Entertainment, Inc. Song identification and synchronization
US5987525A (en) * 1997-04-15 1999-11-16 Cddb, Inc. Network delivery of interactive entertainment synchronized to playback of audio recordings
US5960081A (en) * 1997-06-05 1999-09-28 Cray Research, Inc. Embedding a digital signature in a video sequence
US6076104A (en) * 1997-09-04 2000-06-13 Netscape Communications Corp. Video data integration system using image data and associated hypertext links
US6076111A (en) * 1997-10-24 2000-06-13 Pictra, Inc. Methods and apparatuses for transferring data between data processing systems which transfer a representation of the data before transferring the data
US6195693B1 (en) * 1997-11-18 2001-02-27 International Business Machines Corporation Method and system for network delivery of content associated with physical audio media
US6201176B1 (en) * 1998-05-07 2001-03-13 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha System and method for querying a music database
US6226618B1 (en) * 1998-08-13 2001-05-01 International Business Machines Corporation Electronic content delivery system
US6266429B1 (en) * 1998-09-23 2001-07-24 Philips Electronics North America Corporation Method for confirming the integrity of an image transmitted with a loss
US8332478B2 (en) * 1998-10-01 2012-12-11 Digimarc Corporation Context sensitive connected content
US6665417B1 (en) * 1998-12-02 2003-12-16 Hitachi, Ltd. Method of judging digital watermark information
US6748533B1 (en) * 1998-12-23 2004-06-08 Kent Ridge Digital Labs Method and apparatus for protecting the legitimacy of an article
US6952774B1 (en) * 1999-05-22 2005-10-04 Microsoft Corporation Audio watermarking with dual watermarks
GB2351405B (en) * 1999-06-21 2003-09-24 Motorola Ltd Watermarked digital images
US7174293B2 (en) * 1999-09-21 2007-02-06 Iceberg Industries Llc Audio identification system and method
US6941275B1 (en) * 1999-10-07 2005-09-06 Remi Swierczek Music identification system
US6737957B1 (en) * 2000-02-16 2004-05-18 Verance Corporation Remote control signaling using audio watermarks
JP2001275115A (ja) * 2000-03-23 2001-10-05 Nec Corp 電子すかしデータ挿入装置および検出装置
US6963975B1 (en) * 2000-08-11 2005-11-08 Microsoft Corporation System and method for audio fingerprinting
US6990453B2 (en) * 2000-07-31 2006-01-24 Landmark Digital Services Llc System and methods for recognizing sound and music signals in high noise and distortion
JP2002049631A (ja) * 2000-08-01 2002-02-15 Sony Corp 情報提供装置および方法、並びに記録媒体
EP2136306B1 (en) * 2000-08-23 2013-03-20 Gracenote, Inc. Method and system for obtaining information
US6674876B1 (en) * 2000-09-14 2004-01-06 Digimarc Corporation Watermarking in the time-frequency domain
US6748360B2 (en) * 2000-11-03 2004-06-08 International Business Machines Corporation System for selling a product utilizing audio content identification
US6983289B2 (en) * 2000-12-05 2006-01-03 Digital Networks North America, Inc. Automatic identification of DVD title using internet technologies and fuzzy matching techniques
KR100375822B1 (ko) * 2000-12-18 2003-03-15 한국전자통신연구원 디지털 오디오의 워터마크 삽입/추출 장치 및 방법
DE60228202D1 (de) * 2001-02-12 2008-09-25 Gracenote Inc Verfahren zum erzeugen einer identifikations hash vom inhalt einer multimedia datei
US7958359B2 (en) * 2001-04-30 2011-06-07 Digimarc Corporation Access control systems
US7024018B2 (en) * 2001-05-11 2006-04-04 Verance Corporation Watermark position modulation
DE10133333C1 (de) * 2001-07-10 2002-12-05 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen eines Fingerabdrucks und Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Identifizieren eines Audiosignals
US6968337B2 (en) * 2001-07-10 2005-11-22 Audible Magic Corporation Method and apparatus for identifying an unknown work
EP1410380B1 (en) * 2001-07-20 2010-04-28 Gracenote, Inc. Automatic identification of sound recordings
US7877438B2 (en) * 2001-07-20 2011-01-25 Audible Magic Corporation Method and apparatus for identifying new media content
JP4398242B2 (ja) * 2001-07-31 2010-01-13 グレースノート インコーポレイテッド 録音の多段階識別方法
US6941003B2 (en) * 2001-08-07 2005-09-06 Lockheed Martin Corporation Method of fast fingerprint search space partitioning and prescreening
US7523312B2 (en) * 2001-11-16 2009-04-21 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Fingerprint database updating method, client and server
KR20040086350A (ko) * 2002-02-05 2004-10-08 코닌클리케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. 핑거프린트의 효율적 저장
US6983275B2 (en) * 2002-04-16 2006-01-03 International Business Machines Corporation Optimizing database query by generating, determining the type of derived predicate based on monotonicity of the column generating expression for each remaining inequality predicate in the list of unexamined predicates
US6782116B1 (en) * 2002-11-04 2004-08-24 Mediasec Technologies, Gmbh Apparatus and methods for improving detection of watermarks in content that has undergone a lossy transformation
US7082394B2 (en) * 2002-06-25 2006-07-25 Microsoft Corporation Noise-robust feature extraction using multi-layer principal component analysis
US7036024B2 (en) * 2002-07-09 2006-04-25 Kaleidescape, Inc. Detecting collusion among multiple recipients of fingerprinted information
US7110338B2 (en) * 2002-08-06 2006-09-19 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Apparatus and method for fingerprinting digital media
US7152021B2 (en) * 2002-08-15 2006-12-19 Digimarc Corporation Computing distortion of media signals embedded data with repetitive structure and log-polar mapping
AU2003274545A1 (en) * 2002-11-12 2004-06-03 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Fingerprinting multimedia contents
KR20050113614A (ko) * 2003-02-26 2005-12-02 코닌클리케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. 오디오 핑거프린팅에서 디지털 사일런스의 핸들링
EP1457889A1 (en) * 2003-03-13 2004-09-15 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Improved fingerprint matching method and system
CN1882984A (zh) * 2003-11-18 2006-12-20 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 通过匹配取得的指纹来匹配数据对象
US20070106405A1 (en) * 2005-08-19 2007-05-10 Gracenote, Inc. Method and system to provide reference data for identification of digital content

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103179430A (zh) * 2011-12-20 2013-06-26 中国电信股份有限公司 基于云计算的音视频内容转码方法、装置和服务器
CN103455514A (zh) * 2012-06-01 2013-12-18 腾讯科技(深圳)有限公司 音频文件更新方法及更新装置
CN103501449A (zh) * 2013-10-08 2014-01-08 十分(北京)信息科技有限公司 与电视节目关联的视频源推荐方法及推荐装置
CN106663102A (zh) * 2014-04-04 2017-05-10 Teletrax有限公司 用于生成信息信号的指纹的方法和装置
CN106663102B (zh) * 2014-04-04 2021-05-07 Teletrax有限公司 用于生成信息信号的指纹的方法和装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20060041753A1 (en) 2006-02-23
EP1550297B1 (en) 2009-03-18
AU2003259400A1 (en) 2004-04-19
EP1550297A1 (en) 2005-07-06
ATE426297T1 (de) 2009-04-15
JP2006501498A (ja) 2006-01-12
KR20050046815A (ko) 2005-05-18
DE60326743D1 (de) 2009-04-30
WO2004030341A1 (en) 2004-04-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1685703A (zh) “指纹”的提取
US9208790B2 (en) Extraction and matching of characteristic fingerprints from audio signals
US20060075237A1 (en) Fingerprinting multimedia contents
US9093120B2 (en) Audio fingerprint extraction by scaling in time and resampling
JP4906230B2 (ja) オーディトリーイベントに基づく特徴付けを使ったオーディオ信号の時間調整方法
US6604072B2 (en) Feature-based audio content identification
CN105190618B (zh) 用于自动文件检测的对来自基于文件的媒体的特有信息的获取、恢复和匹配
KR20040086350A (ko) 핑거프린트의 효율적 저장
TW201142818A (en) Complexity scalable perceptual tempo estimation
CN103729368B (zh) 一种基于局部频谱图像描述子的鲁棒音频识别方法
CN100545834C (zh) 基于特征的音频内容识别的方法和装置
CN109271501A (zh) 一种音频数据库的管理方法及系统
CN102214219A (zh) 音视频内容检索系统及其方法
Ribbrock et al. A full-text retrieval approach to content-based audio identification
Htun Analytical approach to MFCC based space-saving audio fingerprinting system
Foo et al. Application of fast filter bank for transcription of polyphonic signals
CN102214218A (zh) 音视频内容检索系统及其方法
Htun Compact and Robust MFCC-based Space-Saving Audio Fingerprint Extraction for Efficient Music Identification on FM Broadcast Monitoring.
Chickanbanjar Comparative analysis between audio fingerprinting algorithms
Cichowski et al. Low-level music feature vectors embedded as watermarks
Htun et al. Broadcast Monitoring System using MFCC-based Audio Fingerprinting
Patil Music Identification based on Audio-Fingerprinting
Son et al. An Analysis Method for Degree of Similarity between the Music based on Signal Analysis
Najdi et al. Audio fingerprinting based on multi-resolution analysis of Discrete Wavelet Transform

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
ASS Succession or assignment of patent right

Owner name: GRACENUDE CO., LTD.

Free format text: FORMER OWNER: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V.

Effective date: 20060331

C41 Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model
TA01 Transfer of patent application right

Effective date of registration: 20060331

Address after: American California

Applicant after: Gracenote Inc.

Address before: Holland Ian Deho Finn

Applicant before: Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.

AD01 Patent right deemed abandoned
C20 Patent right or utility model deemed to be abandoned or is abandoned