CN1051386C - 将ic卡连接到母板上以及从母板上拆下的方法 - Google Patents

将ic卡连接到母板上以及从母板上拆下的方法 Download PDF

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CN1051386C
CN1051386C CN94107261A CN94107261A CN1051386C CN 1051386 C CN1051386 C CN 1051386C CN 94107261 A CN94107261 A CN 94107261A CN 94107261 A CN94107261 A CN 94107261A CN 1051386 C CN1051386 C CN 1051386C
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card
motherboard
bus
power bus
connector
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CN1105135A (zh
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斯蒂芬·P·维尔
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Harrier Inc
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38Information transfer, e.g. on bus
    • G06F13/40Bus structure
    • G06F13/4063Device-to-bus coupling
    • G06F13/4068Electrical coupling
    • G06F13/4081Live connection to bus, e.g. hot-plugging
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S323/00Electricity: power supply or regulation systems
    • Y10S323/908Inrush current limiters

Abstract

一种把IC卡连接到母板上的方法涉及先连接接地总线,随后连接电源总线,最后连接通用信号总线。当连接电源总线时,开始允许一个低电流流过,随后等预定时间过去以使IC卡和母板的电压相等,随后允许全电流流过。一种将IC卡从母板上拆下的方法涉及首先断开通用信号总线,随后断开电源总线,最后断开接地总线。

Description

将IC卡连接到母板上以及从母板上拆下的方法
本发明涉及一种用于把集成电路卡(IC卡)连接到母板上以及将IC卡从母板上拆下的方法。该连接是以可热插接方式进行的,其意思是说当卡与母板连接时,不用关闭母板总线。
在先有技术中,当把新的IC卡与母板总线相连时,需要将该母板总线关闭,从而使以前已经连接的其他IC卡不能用总线。关闭是必要的,因为在插入期间新卡会将噪声信号加到总线上,这种噪声信号可对以前插入的已有IC卡对总线的使用产生不利的影响。例如,在插入新IC卡期间,沿着使用已有的IC卡的母板总线传递的数据可能会丢失。
已经开发了IC卡和母板之间的可热插接连接,其中在插入新卡期间不需要关闭母板总线。在这些先有技术装置中,边缘连接器位于IC卡上,以与母板相连。当IC卡与母板上的相应插座相连,在同一连接中建立起了与IC卡上的电气部件的电源连接和通常目的的信号连接(例如用于数据和地址的)。为了保证在连接卡时总线的稳定运行,需要保证电源和通常目的的信号连接是按照一定的顺序进行的。例如,较好的是在通常目的的信号连接之前进行电源连接。
在美国专利第5,210,855号的说明书中,描述了一种连接顺序,其中首先进行接地连接,然后进行电源连接,最后进行通常目的的信号连接。然而,在这些装置中有一个问题。具体地说,当在IC卡和母板总线之间进行电源连接时,电源立即被加到卡上。这造成了母板电源总线的短路。这会造成诸如以下的很多问题。首先,会发生连接器的物理损坏,例如,连接器的镀层会被瞬时短路所破坏。其次,通过电磁干扰,电源总线的短路会对母板总线上的信号线产生干扰。第三,母板总线上的调节电压电平会下降到调节范围以外,从而严重影响与该母板总线相连的所有其他IC卡。
上述先有技术“可热插接”装置的另一个问题是当包含有源元件的卡从母板上拆下时,存在在连接器中的有源电平会造成对母板总线的破坏。
本发明的一个目的是解决先有技术中的上述问题。本发明的另一个目的,是提供从母板总线以受控方式加到IC卡上的电源。电流被限制在一个安全值,直到母板总线和IC卡之间的电压电平相等。
本发明的再一个目的是当把IC卡从母板上拆下时提供IC卡和母板之间的各个连接的受控断开。一旦连接器完全断开,IC卡实际上才从母板总线上拆下,从而防止发生对总线的损坏。
本发明包括一种将IC卡连接到母板上的方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)检测IC卡已经被插入到位于所述母板上的连接器中;
(b)把所述母板的电源总线连接到所述IC卡的电源总线上;
(c)把所述母板的一条通用信号总线与所述IC卡的一条通用信号总线相连;
其中所述步骤(b)包括如下的子步骤:
(b1)仅允许低电流在所述母板的所述电源总线和所述IC卡的所述电源总线之间流动;
(b2)等待预定的时间,所述预定时间对应于所述母板和所述IC卡之间的电压电平变得相等所需要的时间;
(b3)允许全电流在所述母板的所述电源总线和所述IC卡的所述电源总线之间流过。
在母板上设置有一个连接器,以便将IC卡的接地、电源和通用信号连接与相应的母板总线相连。在IC卡与母板相连时,连接是按照以下顺序进行的。首先,进行接地连接,随后进行电源连接,最后进行通用数据连接。
当进行电源连接时,在程序控制下,用诸如一个可变电阻电路来限制电流流动,从而使一个安全的电流量流过IC卡和母板电源总线之间的电源连接。随后,在程序控制下,在其间母板总线和IC卡之间的电压电平变得相等的预定时间过去之后,允许该电流达到其最大稳态值。
本发明还提供了一种将IC卡从母板上拆下的方法,包括以下步骤:(a)判定用户希望从所述母板上拆下IC卡;(b)把所述母板的通用信号总线与所述IC卡的通用信号总线断开;(c)把所述母板的电源总线与所述IC卡的电源总线断开;(d)向用户表示可以把该卡从母板上拆下。
采用以上的连接和拆除方法,可避免操作时对连接器的损坏,防止与母板总线相连的其他IC卡受影响。
将结合附图并通过举例来描述本发明。
图1显示了基本的电路结构。
图2显示了用于将IC卡与母板相连的本发明连接程序的流程图。
图3显示了用于将IC卡与母板分离的本发明分离程序的流程图。
图1显示了本发明的基本电路结构。IC卡1经过位于母板2上的连接器电路21而与母板2相连。IC卡1的接地总线,在将该卡插入到连接器21期间,与母板2的接地总线28相连。一个控制器25分别控制位于连接器21和通用信号总线26和电源总线27之间的开关22和23,使这些开关被如下地关闭。当借助诸如监测供电电流(见图2的步骤S1)而检测到IC卡1已经被插入到连接器21中时,控制器25闭合开关23(步骤S2至S4,如在下面所要详细描述的),以将母板电源总线27与IC卡1相连。最后,控制器25闭合开关22(步骤S5),以将母板通用信号总线26与IC卡1相连。
开关23的阻抗,可在控制器25的控制下,在预定的时期内,被设置到一定的值。该控制器对开关23的阻抗进行控制,从而使电流先被限制在一个安全的低值(步骤S2)。随后,在预定时间(该预定时间取决于母板2和IC卡1之间的电压电平变得相等所需要的时间)过去之后(步骤S3),控制器25降低开关23的阻抗,以使用于IC卡1的适当的运行的最大稳态电流流过IC卡1(步骤S4)。
因此,通过以上述方式采用电流控制开关,可以防止在电流的初始急剧上升期间连接器对卡的电弧对连接器造成的损坏。另外,还可以防止电磁干扰对母板上的信号线26造成的扰动。而且,可以防止母板2的调节电压电平的失调。当检测到用户希望从母板2上拆下IC卡1时,控制器25以以下方式控制开关22和23(见图3的步骤S6)。这些开关被按照一定的顺序打开,具体地说,就是按照与当把IC卡首先连接到母板连接器21上时这些开关的闭合顺序相反的顺序,打开这些开关。更具体地说,首先打开通用信号总线开关22(步骤S7),随后打开电源总线开关23(步骤S8)。随后,给用户一个显示,即可以把卡1从母板连接器21上拆下(步骤S9)。当用户把卡拆下时,接地连接被断开。
重要的是在把IC卡1从连接器21上拆下之前将开关打开。具体地说,如果先把这些开关打开,则可以防止信号线上的机械接触跳动。
有两种方式来进行连接线的这种受控断开。第一,可采用一种软件控制技术,其中在控制器25之内设置有一个寄存器。当用户希望拆下IC卡1时,将一预定值写入寄存器中。在软件控制下,寄存器的内容得到持续的检查,以判定该内容是否等于预定值。当判定寄存器的内容等于预定值时,开关22和23被打开。在这些开关被打开之后,借助诸如CRT或指示灯,向用户表明允许将IC卡1从母板连接器21上拆下。
第二种方式是一种机械技术,其中诸如光检测器或压力检测器的检测元件检测是否已经取下了一个存取盖(它盖着IC卡1)。当该存取盖已经被取下时,显然用户可能正在从母板连接器21上拆下IC卡1。因此,当检测元件检测到存取盖已经被取下时,开关可如上所述地被打开。
把IC卡连接到母板上的一种方法,涉及先连接接地总线,随后连接电源总线,最后连接通用信号总线。当连接电源总线时,开始允许低电流流过,随后等预定时间过去以使IC卡和母板电压相等,随后允许全电流流过。把IC卡从母板上拆下的一种方法,涉及首先断开通用信号总线,随后断开电源总线,最后断开接地总线。

Claims (2)

1.将一个IC卡连接到母板上的方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
(a)检测IC卡已经被插入到位于所述母板上的连接器中;
(b)把所述母板的电源总线连接到所述IC卡的电源总线上;
(c)把所述母板的通用信号总线与所述IC卡的通用信号总线相连;
其中所述步骤(b)包括如下的子步骤:
(b1)仅允许低电流在所述母板的所述电源总线和所述IC卡的所述电源总线之间流动;
(b2)等待预定的时间,所述预定时间对应于所述母板和所述IC卡之间的电压电平变得相等所需要的时间;
(b3)允许全电流在所述母板的所述电源总线和所述IC卡的所述电源总线之间流过。
2.将一个IC卡从母板上拆下的方法,其特征在于包括  以下步骤:
(a)判定用户希望从所述母板上拆下IC卡;
(b)把所述母板的通用信号总线与所述IC卡的通用信号总线断开;
(c)把所述母板的电源总线与所述IC卡的电源总线断开;
(d)向用户表示可以把该卡从母板上拆下。
CN94107261A 1993-06-30 1994-06-30 将ic卡连接到母板上以及从母板上拆下的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1051386C (zh)

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US08/083,504 US5473499A (en) 1993-06-30 1993-06-30 Hot pluggable motherboard bus connection method

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EP (1) EP0632393B1 (zh)
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CN1105135A (zh) 1995-07-12
RU2122773C1 (ru) 1998-11-27
CA2127006C (en) 2004-08-31
US5473499A (en) 1995-12-05
DE69431976D1 (de) 2003-02-13
DE69431976T2 (de) 2004-01-08
EP0632393A1 (en) 1995-01-04
EP0632393B1 (en) 2003-01-08

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