CN104410424A - Quick lossless compression method of memory data of embedded device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quick lossless compression method of memory data of an embedded device and mainly solves the problem that the existing compression method has low memory page compression speed. The method is mainly characterized in that two compression formats suitable for memory page data are designed: in the first format, a first byte records character repeated length, shift distance and new character length, and residual new character length, new characters and residual shift distance are recorded in order from the second byte; in the second format, the first byte records a compression format mark, shift distance and new character length, and residual new character length, new characters, character repeated length and residual shift distance are recorded in order from the second byte. Compared with the existing LZO (Lempel-Ziv-Oberhumer) lossless compression method, the method has the advantages that compression and decompression speed of memory page data is increased, a higher compression ratio is obtained, the embedded device has higher memory data storage capacity and availability, and the method is applicable to limited storage embedded devices.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of data processing, relate to the data compression method of embedded device internal storage data, the present invention adopts new data compression format to improve the speed of compression when data compression according to the feature of internal storage data, can be used in the embedded device of constrained storage.
Background technology
Internal memory is one of vitals of computer, and it is the bridge carrying out with CPU linking up.In computer, the operation of all programs is all carried out in internal memory.The performance of internal memory is very large on the impact of computer, and in the portable embedded equipment that volume, memory capacity are limited, the impact of internal memory on equipment performance and Consumer's Experience is particularly outstanding.In the last few years, along with the development of mobile Internet, portable embedded equipment such as mobile phone, panel computer etc. have become a kind of means of communication of people's indispensability.Therefore compress internal storage data, very high memory ability and utilance will improve the overall performance of equipment greatly.Along with social development, amount of information constantly increases, and the systematic function of people to embedded device it is also proposed higher requirement, as higher speed, lower power consumption, less volume, can access more information etc.In order to reach various performance requirements above, there has been proposed the method for various improvement.Compared to the breakthrough of the hardware technology of great number, one of method is exactly lossless data compression technology more rapidly and effectively.If use lossless data compression technology in embedded device, then can access more data in identical hardware memory space, improve memory usage, reduce costs, very high equipment performance and Consumer's Experience.In view of the various advantages of above-mentioned technology, use the technology of the improvement embedded system performance of this simple and inexpensive, research lossless data compression technology is necessary.
Lempel and Ziv proposed a kind of high efficiency undistorted compression technology in 1977, i.e. LZ77 lossless data compression algorithms, the cardinal principle of this compression algorithm utilizes the repetition word string occurred before shorter mark representative, and tag format is repeat length, offset distance, as abcdekabcdeha, then can be encoded into abcdek (5,6) ha to represent, so on the whole, shorter information replaces longer information, thus reaches the effect of compression.Nineteen eighty-two, algorithm is carried out improvement and proposes LZSS algorithm by James Storer and Thomas Szymanski on LZ77 basis, improves compression efficiency.Algorithm was carried out improvement again and proposed LZO algorithm by Lempel-Ziv-Oberhumer on the basis of LZSS afterwards, drastically increased compressed encoding speed.LZO algorithm is a kind of harmless data compression algorithm based on dictionary, has that compression speed is fast, the feature of instantaneity.This algorithm devises five kinds of data compression format according to different repeat lengths and offset distance, coding side is right according to coupling, i.e. repeat length, the size of offset distance selects a certain compressed format encodings, decoding end is by the different form of the first byte size discrimination these five kinds of compressed format, and maximum offset distance can reach 48K.The weak point that the method exists is that, from the beginning of internal memory " Paging system " proposition, the default size of memory pages is just set to 4096 bytes, i.e. 4KB.Although the memory pages size of computer is configurable in principle, the operating system of the overwhelming majority still adopts the 4KB page of acquiescence in the implementation.For ease of main-memory data management, reply internal storage data adopts the mode compressed page by page, and the LZO initial designs object data that to be reduction length indefinite, it is when compression memory data, very low compression ratio can only be obtained, effectively can not improve memory usage, and compression & decompression speed is all very slow.Therefore for internal storage data, all can not be suitable for by the compress mode of current LZO and compressed format.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the deficiency overcoming above-mentioned prior art, propose a kind of fast and lossless compression method of embedded device internal storage data, with can compression & decompression internal storage data faster, thus effectively improve memory ability and utilance.
Realizing technical scheme of the present invention is: according to the data characteristics of memory pages, and design a kind of compressed format of applicable memory pages, carry out compressed encoding for memory pages data, concrete steps comprise as follows:
(1) read a memory pages of internal storage data in embedded device, namely read memory pages page by page by the page-size of 4KB;
(2) whether the data judging the read page are new data, if institute's read data is not recorded in dictionary, be then judged as new data, and new data position is charged in dictionary, continue to read memory pages data, until there is not new data;
Described dictionary is the Hash table structure of directly accessing according to key value, and this key value is calculated by hash function;
(3) to the institute's read data be recorded in dictionary, according to character repeat length and offset distance, the distance namely in character current location and Hash table between record position, select different compressed format to encode:
8 are less than for character repeat length, and offset distance is less than or equal to the memory pages data of 2KB, its first byte record character repeat length L, offset distance D and fresh character length S; Remaining fresh character length M, fresh character C and remaining offset distance N is recorded successively from second byte;
Be less than 8 for not meeting character repeat length, and offset distance is less than or equal to the memory pages data of 2KB, its first byte recording compressed format denotation T, offset distance D and fresh character length S; Remaining fresh character length M, fresh character C, character repeat length L and remaining offset distance N is recorded successively from second byte;
(4) judge that whether coding site is currently read in memory pages ending, the data if so, then after output squeezing and the length of data, and record end flag, perform step (5), otherwise, return step (2), continue to read in new data;
(5) judge that whether current page is last memory pages of internal storage data bag, if so, then end-of-encode, otherwise, return step (1) and read in next memory pages.
The present invention due to adopted compressed format simple, thus improve the compression & decompression speed of memory pages data, and obtain better compression ratio, more significantly can improve internal storage data memory capacity and the utilance of embedded device.
Test result shows: the present invention is compared with current LZO lossless compression method, and its compression time improves 14.52%, and the decompression time improves 98.84%, and compression ratio improves 1.1%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is compression process figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the compressed format figure in the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with figure, the present invention is described in further detail:
With reference to Fig. 1, performing step of the present invention is as follows:
Step 1: read in a memory pages from the internal storage data bag of embedded device, namely read memory pages page by page by the page-size of 4KB.
Step 2: read in four characters from institute's rdma read page, do first time Hash operation, namely calculate key value by first hash function, this hash function is first hash function in current LZO lossless compression method.
Step 3: judge that whether the position of character is legal according to key value in step 2, if legal, then enter step 4, if illegal, then upgrade Hash table, this Hash table is the data structure of directly accessing according to key value, then returns step 2.
Described is legal, refers to that each position of depositing in Hash table can only according to a key value access.
Step 4: judge current Hash table deposit character in position whether with to read in character identical, if identical, then enter step 7, if not identical, then enter step 5.
Described position that current Hash table is deposited, refers to the position that the Hash table of directly accessing according to key value in step 2 is deposited.
Step 5: do second time Hash operation with the key value obtained in step 2, namely calculate second key value by second hash function, this hash function is second hash function in current LZO lossless compression method; Judge that whether character position is legal according to second key value again, if legal, then enter step 6, if illegal, then upgrade Hash table, return step 2.
Step 6: judge this Hash table deposit character in address whether with to read in character identical, if identical, then enter step 7, if not identical, then judge to read in character as fresh character C, and upgrade Hash table, return step 2.
Described address that Hash table is deposited, refers to the address that the Hash table of directly accessing according to second key value in step 5 is deposited.
Step 7: calculate fresh character length S, character repeat length L and offset distance D, the distance namely in character current location and Hash table between record position.
These computational methods are identical with the computational methods in current LZO lossless compression method.
Step 8: judge whether character repeat length is less than 8 and whether offset distance is less than or equal to 2KB, if so, then performs step 9; If not, then perform step 10.
Step 9: the record rule of character by compressed format 1 is encoded.
With reference to Fig. 2 (a), the step that this step carries out encoding according to the record rule of compressed format 1 is as follows:
9.1) front 3 record character repeat length L of first byte, rear 3 bits of the 4th, the 5th, the 6th record-shifted distance D of first byte, namely each records 1 bit;
9.2) judge whether fresh character length S is greater than 3, if not, then last 2 record fresh character length S of first byte, and fresh character C is recorded from second byte; If so, then last 2 of first byte be recorded as 0 as mark, and subtract 3 with fresh character length S, obtain remaining fresh character length M, judge whether remaining fresh character length M is greater than 255 again, if not, then record remaining fresh character length M, if, then record a byte 0, and subtract 255 with remaining fresh character length M, until remaining fresh character length is less than 255, record this remaining fresh character length, then record fresh character C;
9.3), after record fresh character completes, record remaining offset distance N, this remaining offset distance N is front 8 bits of offset distance D; Then step 11 is entered.
Step 10: the record rule of character by compressed format 2 is encoded.
With reference to Fig. 2 (b), the step that this step carries out encoding according to the record rule of compressed format 2 is as follows:
10.1) first 2 of first byte are recorded as 01 as compressed format mark T, and namely the 1st is recorded as 0, and the 2nd is recorded as 1, and rear 4 bits of the 3rd, the 4th, the 5th, the 6th record-shifted distance D of first byte, namely each records 1 bit.
10.2) judge whether fresh character length S is greater than 3, if not, then last 2 record fresh character length S of first byte, namely each records 1 bit, and records fresh character from second byte; If so, then last 2 of first byte be recorded as 0 as mark, and subtract 3 with fresh character length S, obtain remaining fresh character length M, judge whether remaining fresh character length M is greater than 255 again, if not, then record remaining fresh character length M, if, then record a byte 0, and subtract 255 with remaining fresh character length M, until remaining fresh character length is less than 255, record this remaining fresh character length, then record fresh character C;
10.3), after record fresh character completes, judge whether character repeat length L is greater than 255, if not, then record character repeat length L, if so, then record a byte 0, and subtract 255 with character repeat length L, until character repeat length is less than 255, record this character repeat length;
10.4), after record character repeat length completes, record remaining offset distance N, this remaining offset distance N is front 8 bits of offset distance D.
Step 11: judge that whether coding site is identical with current memory pages end position of reading in, if identical, then the data after output encoder and the length of data, and record end flag, then enter step 12, if not identical, then returns step 2.
Described end mark, refers to the data of record three bytes, and namely the 1st byte records is that the 17,2nd and the 3rd byte is all recorded as 0.
Step 12: judge that whether the current memory page is last memory pages of internal storage data bag, i.e. whether all data in the internal storage data bag of embedded device are all read, if so, then end-of-encode, if not, then return step 1.
Below in conjunction with experiment, effect of the present invention is described further:
This experiment adopts C language to write the compression method that invention proposes, and by comparing the present invention and current LZO lossless compression method to the compression effectiveness of internal memory page data, the advantage of the inventive method compression & decompression speed is described.LZO is lossless compression method best at present.The internal storage data that this experiment adopts is the memory pages data of the 4KB size of representative mobile device, and experiment usage data is memory pages packet, and data package size is 453MB.In VS2010 programming development environment, use the present invention and current LZO lossless compression method compression memory page data respectively, experimental result is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
Time in table 1 is compression time and decompression time of all memory pages of whole compressed package, and in form, data have run the result be averaged for 1000 times.As can be seen from Table 1, compression ratio of the present invention improves 1.1%, and compression time and decompression time improve 14.52% and 98.84% respectively simultaneously, thus improve embedded memory data storage capacity and utilance.
Claims (5)
1. a fast and lossless compression method for embedded device internal storage data, comprises the steps:
(1) read a memory pages of internal storage data in embedded device, namely read memory pages page by page by the page-size of 4KB;
(2) whether the data judging the read page are new data, if institute's read data is not recorded in dictionary, be then judged as new data, and new data position is charged in dictionary, continue to read memory pages data, until there is not new data;
Described dictionary is the Hash table structure of directly accessing according to key value, and this key value is calculated by hash function;
(3) to the institute's read data be recorded in dictionary, according to character repeat length and offset distance, the distance namely in character current location and Hash table between record position, select different compressed format to encode:
8 are less than for character repeat length, and offset distance is less than or equal to the memory pages data of 2KB, its first byte record character repeat length L, offset distance D and fresh character length S; Remaining fresh character length M, fresh character C and remaining offset distance N is recorded successively from second byte;
Be less than 8 for not meeting character repeat length, and offset distance is less than or equal to the memory pages data of 2KB, its first byte recording compressed format denotation T, offset distance D and fresh character length S; Remaining fresh character length M, fresh character C, character repeat length L and remaining offset distance N is recorded successively from second byte;
(4) judge that whether coding site is currently read in memory pages ending, the data if so, then after output squeezing and the length of data, and record end flag, perform step (5), otherwise, return step (2), continue to read in new data;
(5) judge that whether current page is last memory pages of internal storage data bag, if so, then end-of-encode, otherwise, return step (1) and read in next memory pages.
2. the fast and lossless compression method of embedded device internal storage data according to claim 1, is characterized in that: first byte record character repeat length L, offset distance D described in step (3) and fresh character length S, according to the following rules record:
Front 3 record character repeat length L, the L<8 of first byte;
Rear 3 bits of the 4th, the 5th, the 6th record-shifted distance D of first byte, namely each records 1 bit;
Judge whether fresh character length S is greater than 3, if not, then last 2 record fresh character length S of first byte, namely each records 1 bit, if so, then first byte last 2 be recorded as 0 as mark, and subtract 3 with fresh character length S, obtain remaining fresh character length M.
3. the fast and lossless compression method of embedded device internal storage data according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in step (3), from second byte, record remaining fresh character length M, fresh character C and remaining offset distance N successively, record according to the following rules:
Judge whether remaining fresh character length M is greater than 255, if not, then record remaining fresh character length M, if so, then record a byte 0, and subtract 255 with remaining fresh character length M, until remaining fresh character length is less than 255, records this remaining fresh character length, then record fresh character C;
After record fresh character completes, record remaining offset distance N, this remaining offset distance N is front 8 bits of offset distance D.
4. the fast and lossless compression method of embedded device internal storage data according to claim 1, is characterized in that: first byte recording compressed format denotation T, offset distance D described in step (3) and fresh character length S, according to the following rules record:
First 2 of first byte are recorded as 01 as compressed format mark T, and namely the 1st is recorded as 0, and the 2nd is recorded as 1;
Rear 4 bits of the 3rd, the 4th, the 5th, the 6th record-shifted distance D of first byte, namely each records 1 bit;
Judge whether fresh character length S is greater than 3, if not, then last 2 record fresh character length S of first byte, namely each records 1 bit, if so, then first byte last 2 be recorded as 0 as mark, and subtract 3 with fresh character length S, obtain remaining fresh character length M.
5. the fast and lossless compression method of embedded device internal storage data according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in step (3), from second byte, record remaining fresh character length M, fresh character C, character repeat length L and remaining offset distance N successively, record according to the following rules:
Judge whether remaining fresh character length M is greater than 255, if not, then record remaining fresh character length M, if so, then record a byte 0, and subtract 255 with remaining fresh character length M, until remaining fresh character length is less than 255, records this remaining fresh character length, then record fresh character C;
After record fresh character completes, judge whether character repeat length L is greater than 255, if not, then record character repeat length L, if so, then record a byte 0, and subtract 255 with character repeat length L, until character repeat length is less than 255, record this character repeat length;
After record character repeat length completes, record remaining offset distance N, this remaining offset distance N is front 8 bits of offset distance D.
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| CN114598329A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-06-07 | 电子科技大学 | Lightweight lossless compression method for rapid decompression application |
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