CN102812671B - 用于进行diameter消息处理器间路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质 - Google Patents

用于进行diameter消息处理器间路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质 Download PDF

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CN102812671B
CN102812671B CN201180013681.XA CN201180013681A CN102812671B CN 102812671 B CN102812671 B CN 102812671B CN 201180013681 A CN201180013681 A CN 201180013681A CN 102812671 B CN102812671 B CN 102812671B
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diameter
diameter message
message processor
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D·E·华莱士
M·E·卡诺德
D·M·斯普拉格
J·A·克雷格
K·K·卡玛卡
M·托马尔
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Tekelec Global Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
    • H04L45/028—Dynamic adaptation of the update intervals, e.g. event-triggered updates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
    • H04L63/0892—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities by using authentication-authorization-accounting [AAA] servers or protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/302—Route determination based on requested QoS
    • H04L45/304—Route determination for signalling traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/34—Source routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/08—Protocols for interworking; Protocol conversion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0805—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters by checking availability
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/28—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using route fault recovery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/60—Router architectures

Abstract

根据一个方面，本文描述的本发明主题包括一种用于对Diameter消息进行路由的方法。该方法包括Diameter信令路由器（DSR）处出现的步骤，所述DSR包括多个Diameter消息处理器。所述方法还包括由所述多个Diameter消息处理器中的第一Diameter消息处理器从第一Diameter节点接收Diameter消息，其中，所述Diameter消息是经由第一Diameter连接来接收的。所述方法还包括由所述多个Diameter消息处理器中的所述第一Diameter消息处理器确定针对所述Diameter消息的下一跳Diameter节点。所述方法还包括由所述多个Diameter消息处理器中的所述第一Diameter消息处理器向所述多个Diameter消息处理器中的第二Diameter消息处理器传送所述Diameter消息。所述方法还包括由所述第二Diameter消息处理器向所述下一跳Diameter节点传送所述Diameter消息，其中，所述Diameter消息是经由第二Diameter连接来传送的。

Description

用于进行DIAMETER消息处理器间路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质
要求优先权
本申请要求保护于2010年2月12日提交的、序列号为61/304,310的美国临时专利申请的权益，并且该临时专利申请的公开内容以引用方式全部并入本文。
以引用方式进行并入的声明
下面于2011年2月11日提交的、共同拥有的且同待决的美国专利申请中的每一者的公开内容都以引用方式全部并入本文：
代理人案号为1322/399/3的“用于基于源对等体容量的Diameter负载共享的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”（尚未分配序列号）；
代理人案号为1322/399/4的“用于消息处理器间状态共享的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”（尚未分配序列号）；
代理人案号为1322/399/5的“用于在Diameter节点处提供优先级路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”（尚未分配序列号）；
代理人案号为1322/399/6/2的“用于在Diameter节点处提供对等体路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”（尚未分配序列号）；
代理人案号为1322/399/7的“用于在Diameter节点处提供起源路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”（尚未分配序列号）；
代理人案号为1322/399/8的“用于在Diameter节点处提供本地应用路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”（尚未分配序列号）；
代理人案号为1322/399/9的“用于对Diameter请求消息进行基于回答的路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”（尚未分配序列号）；
代理人案号为1322/399/10的“用于在Diameter信令路由器（DSR）处执行基于Diameter回答消息的网络管理的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”（尚未分配序列号）；
代理人案号为1322/399/11的“用于对Diameter信令信息进行多接口监测与相关的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”（尚未分配序列号）；
代理人案号为1322/399/12的“用于Diameter协议协调的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”（尚未分配序列号）；
代理人案号为1322/399/13的“用于Diameter网络管理的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”（尚未分配序列号）；
代理人案号为1322/399/14的“用于Diameter应用环路预防的方法、系统和计算机可读介质”（尚未分配序列号）。
技术领域
本文描述的本发明主题涉及进行Diameter消息处理器间路由（inter-Diameter-message processor routing）。具体地说，本发明主题涉及用于进行Diameter消息处理器间路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质。
背景技术
Diameter协议是下一代认证、授权和记账（AAA）协议。在IETF RFC3588中定义了Diameter基础协议，其公开内容通过引用的方式全部并入本文。在因特网多媒体子系统（IMS）架构内共同使用的，Diameter协议是根据远程认证拨号用户服务（RADIUS）协议得来的。历史上，RADIUS协议由因特网服务供应商（ISP）用以提供ISP的接入服务器与安全场所之间的安全通信信道，其中在该安全场所（例如，轻量级目录访问协议（LDAP）服务器）中存储了用户证书信息。虽然RADIUS协议提供了标准AAA交换协议，但是新技术与应用的涌现使得能够满足不断改变的需求的协议的发展成为必需。Diameter旨在扩展RADIUS的标准方法，同时提供扩大的功能并保持对未来的发展是开放的。
上面提到的Diameter RFC没有规定用于Diameter路由节点或处理节点的结构。同样地，所述标准也没有规定用于当Diameter单元包括分布式结构时进行消息处理器间路由的方法。因此，需要用于进行Diameter消息处理器间路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质。
发明内容
根据一个方面，本文描述的本发明主题包括一种用于对Diameter消息进行路由的方法。该方法包括Diameter信令路由器（DSR）处出现的步骤，所述DSR包括多个Diameter消息处理器。所述方法包括由所述多个Diameter消息处理器中的第一Diameter消息处理器从第一Diameter节点接收Diameter消息，其中，所述Diameter消息是经由第一Diameter连接来接收的。所述方法还包括由所述多个Diameter消息处理器中的所述第一Diameter消息处理器确定针对所述Diameter消息的下一跳Diameter节点。所述方法还包括由所述第一Diameter消息处理器向所述多个Diameter消息处理器中的第二Diameter消息处理器传送所述Diameter消息。所述方法还包括由所述第二Diameter消息处理器向所述下一跳Diameter节点传送所述Diameter消息，其中，所述Diameter消息是经由第二Diameter连接来传送的。
根据另一个方面，本文描述的本发明主题包括一种用于对Diameter消息进行路由的系统。该系统包括Diameter信令路由器。Diameter信令路由器包括第一和第二Diameter消息处理器。所述第一Diameter消息处理器配置为：从第一Diameter节点经由第一Diameter连接接收Diameter消息；确定针对所述Diameter消息的下一跳Diameter节点；以及向所述第二Diameter消息处理器传送所述Diameter消息。所述第二Diameter消息处理器配置为经由第二Diameter连接向所述下一跳Diameter节点传送所述Diameter消息。
根据另一个方面，本文描述的本发明主题包括一种用于对Diameter消息进行路由的系统。该系统包括第一Diameter节点和第二Diameter节点。该系统还包括DSR，其中所述DSR对所述第一Diameter节点表现为具有第一Diameter标识的Diameter对等体，所述DSR对所述第二Diameter节点表现为具有第二Diameter标识的Diameter对等体，所述第一Diameter标识和所述第二Diameter标识互不相同。
如本文使用地，术语“节点”指代物理计算平台，其包括一个或多个处理器与存储器。
本文描述的本发明主题可以实现为与硬件和/或固件组合的软件。例如，本文描述的本发明主题可以实现成由一个或多个处理器执行的软件。在一个示例性实现方案中，本文描述的本发明主题可以使用其上存储有计算机可执行指令的非暂时性计算机可读介质来实现，该计算机可执行指令当由计算机的处理器执行时控制该计算机以执行步骤。适于实现本文描述的本发明主题的示例性计算机可读介质包括非暂时性计算接可读介质，诸如磁盘存储设备、芯片存储设备、可编程逻辑设备以及专用集成电路。另外，实现了本文描述的本发明主题的计算机可读介质可以位于单个设备或计算平台上，或者可以分布在多个设备或计算平台之间。
附图说明
现在将参照如下附图来详述本文描述的本发明主题：
图1是示出了Diameter联网环境的网络示意图，该Diameter联网环境实现了用于在Diameter节点间对Diameter消息进行路由的Diameter中继节点；
图2是示出了在Diameter联网环境中对Diameter消息进行路由的消息流程图，该Diameter联网环境实现了用于在Diameter节点间对Diameter消息进行路由的Diameter中继节点；
图3是示出了根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例、包括Diameter信令路由器（DSR）的示例性网络的网络示意图，该DSR包括多个Diameter消息处理器（MP），这多个MP利用在每个MP处存储的公共路由信息以对Diameter消息进行路由；
图4是示出了根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例、包括DSR的示例性网络的网络示意图，该DSR包括多个MP，这多个MP利用在共享式贮存器中存储的公共路由信息以对Diameter消息进行路由；
图5是更详细地示出了用于根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例，对Diameter消息进行路由的示例性MP的网络示意图；
图6是示出了用于根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例，使用非Diameter协议在Diameter消息处理器之间对Diameter消息进行路由的示例性MP间消息格式的网络示意图；
图7是示出了根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例，对Diameter消息进行路由的消息流程图；
图8示出了用于根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例，对Diameter消息进行路由的示例性对等体路由表（PRT）；
图9示出了用于根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例，对Diameter消息进行路由的示例性路线清单表（RLT）；
图10示出了列出与根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例，对Diameter消息进行路由相关联的益处的表；
图11是示出了用于根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例，对Diameter消息进行路由的示例性过程的流程图；以及
图12是示出了根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例、包括DSR的示例性网络的网络示意图，从不同的Diameter对等体节点的角度，该DSR表现为具有不同的Diameter标识。
具体实施方式
提供了用于Diameter消息处理器间路由的方法、系统和计算机可读介质。
通常，可以利用Diameter路由代理来对Diameter消息进行路由。Diameter路由代理可以将Diameter消息从网络单元路由到Diameter消息的恰当Diameter域和目的地。另外，Diameter路由代理可以提供中继、proxy、重定向以及翻译服务。图1是示出了Diameter联网环境的网络示意图，该Diameter联网环境实现了用于在Diameter节点间对Diameter消息进行路由的Diameter中继节点。参照图1，网络100可以包括Diameter对等体节点102和104。网络100还可以包括Diameter中继节点106、108、110和112。Diameter中继节点106、108、110和112可以分别利用在不同的对等体路由表114、116、118和120中存储的不同的路由信息。对等体路由表114、116、118和120可以规定针对给定目的地Diameter节点的“下一跳”Diameter节点。例如，如果旨在发往Diameter对等体节点“B”的Diameter消息到达Diameter中继节点106，那么PRT 114将“下一跳”Diameter节点规定为Diameter中继节点112。同样，如果旨在发往Diameter对等体节点“B”的Diameter消息到达Diameter中继节点112，那么PRT 120将“下一跳”Diameter节点规定为Diameter对等体节点104（即，Diameter消息的目的地）。
图2是示出了在Diameter联网环境中对Diameter消息进行路由的消息流程图，该Diameter联网环境实现了用于在Diameter节点间对Diameter消息进行路由的Diameter中继节点。参照图2，在步骤1处，Diameter对等体节点A 102可以向Diameter中继节点106发送旨在发往Diameter对等体节点B 104的Diameter协议请求消息。Diameter中继节点106可以通过利用在PRT 114中存储的路由信息来执行Diameter路由查找。在PRT 114中存储的路由信息规定了旨在发往Diameter对等体节点B 104的Diameter消息具有为Diameter中继节点112的下一跳Diameter节点。在步骤2处，Diameter中继节点106可以向Diameter中继节点112发送旨在发往Diameter对等体节点B 104的Diameter协议请求消息。Diameter中继节点112可以通过利用在PRT 120中存储的路由信息来执行Diameter路由查找。在PRT120中存储的路由信息规定了旨在发往Diameter对等体节点B 104的Diameter消息具有为Diameter对等体节点104的下一跳Diameter节点（即，Diameter协议请求消息的目的地）。
如图1和2所示，为了使旨在发往Diameter对等体节点“B”的Diameter协议消息通过Diameter联网环境100从Diameter对等体节点“A”102行进到Diameter对等体节点“B”104，需要如下三“跳”：（1）从Diameter对等体节点102到Diameter中继节点106；（2）从Diameter中继节点106到Diameter中继节点112；以及（3）从Diameter中继节点112到Diameter对等体节点104。需要着重指出地，不但需要三跳，而且还必须通过如下执行两次Diameter路由查找：（1）在Diameter中继节点106处使用PRT 114；以及（2）在Diameter中继节点112处使用PRT 120。显著的开销是与Diameter路由查找相关联的，并会导致受限的吞吐、每秒事务速率以及放缩性。
图1和2是不认可的现有技术。更确切地，图1和2示出了一种用于执行Diameter路由的方法以及在以此方法执行Diameter路由时的缺点。
图3是示出了根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例、包括DSR的示例性网络的网络示意图，该DSR包括多个Diameter MP，这多个DiameterMP利用在每个MP处存储的公共路由信息以对Diameter消息进行路由。参照图3，网络300包括Diameter对等体节点“A”302和Diameter对等体节点“B”304。网络300还可以包括DSR 306。
DSR 306可以是用于在Diameter节点之间对Diameter信令消息进行路由或中继的任何适当实体。例如，DSR 306可以是长期演进（LTE）信令路由器、LTE Diameter信令路由器、Diameter信令代理、Diameter proxy代理、Diameter中继代理、Diameter路由代理、Diameter翻译代理或者Diameter重定向代理。DSR 306可以包括用于处理各种消息的功能。在一个实施例中，DSR 306可以经由一个或多个第三代合作伙伴计划（3GPP）LTE通信接口与各种Diameter节点进行通信。在另一个实施例中，DSR 306可以经由一个或多个其它（例如，非LTE）通信接口与各种Diameter节点进行通信。例如，DSR 306可以通过使用IMS相关的接口来与诸如呼叫会话控制功能体（CSCF）之类的因特网协议（IP）多媒体子系统（IMS）节点进行通信。
DSR可以包括多个Diameter MP。例如，DSR 306包括Diameter MP 308、310、312和314。Diameter MP可以配置为具有一个或多个Diameter应用。Diameter MP可以是分布式计算平台的不同消息处理模块、基于刀片的分布式计算平台的计算刀片、与单核计算设备或多核计算设备相关联的处理核心单元、或者实例化在单物理消息处理/计算设备上的虚拟节点。DiameterMP可以利用Diameter协议以将Diameter消息路由到外部的Diameter对等体节点。
DSR 306可以包括分布式计算平台的多个不同消息处理模块、基于刀片的分布式计算平台的多个计算刀片、与单核计算设备或多核计算设备相关联的多个处理核心单元、或者实例化在单物理消息处理/计算设备上的多个虚拟节点。于是，DSR 306的一个实施例可以位于单个不同的地理场所，并经由内部的通信网络进行通信。在其它实施例中，DSR 306可以包括位于地理上分散的场所的多个单元，并经由外部的通信网络进行通信。
Diameter MP可以与单个Diameter标识相关联。例如，Diameter MP 308和Diameter MP 314可以与单个Diameter标识“X”相关联，并且从Diameter对等体节点“A”302的角度来看且从Diameter对等体节点“B”304的角度来看，可以表现为具有Diameter标识“X”的单个Diameter实体。在该实施例中，从Diameter对等体节点“A”302的角度来看且从Diameter对等体节点“B”304的角度来看，DSR 306也可以表现为具有Diameter标识“X”的单个Diameter实体。在另一个实施例中，Diameter MP可以与不同的Diameter标识相关联。例如，Diameter MP 308可以与Diameter标识“X”相关联，Diameter MP 314可以与Diameter标识“Y”相关联。在该实施例中，Diameter MP 308和314可以表现为分别具有Diameter标识“X”和“Y”的单个Diameter实体，而DSR 306可以表现为具有多个Diameter标识的单个Diameter实体。例如，从Diameter对等体节点“A”302的角度看，DSR306可以具有Diameter标识“X”，而从Diameter对等体节点“B”304的角度看，DSR 306可以具有Diameter标识“Y”。
在一个实施例中，Diameter MP可以利用在每个Diameter MP处存储的相同路由信息的副本。例如，Diameter MP 308、310、312和314可以分别利用在PRT和/或RLT 316、318、320和322中存储的相同路由信息的副本。根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例，Diameter MP可以使用PRT和/或RLT以用于进行MP间路由。例如，Diameter MP 308可以利用PRT/RLT316以将从Diameter对等体节点“A”302接收的且旨在发往Diameter对等体节点“B”304的Diameter消息路由到如由PRT/RLT 316所标识的出口Diameter MP 314。此外，由于PRT/RLT 316还标识了下一跳Diameter对等节点“B”304以及在Diameter MP 314与Diameter对等体节点“B”304之间存在的出口连接ID“Conn_12”，因此可以不需在Diameter MP 314处进行后续的Diameter查找。在另一个实施例中，Diameter MP可以利用在共享式贮存器中存储的公共路由信息。
图4是示出了根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例、包括DSR的示例性网络的网络示意图，该DSR包括多个MP，这多个MP利用在共享式贮存器中存储的公共路由信息以对Diameter消息进行路由。单元400、402、404、406、408、410、412和414与其在图3中相应的对等体300、302、304、306、308、310、312和314是基本相同的，并因此这里不再对其描述进行重复。参照图4，Diameter MP可以利用在共享的PRT和/或共享的RLT中存储的公共路由信息。例如，Diameter MP 408、410、412和414可以利用在PRT/RLT表416中存储的公共路由信息。如在上面的例子中，Diameter MP 408可以利用PRT/RLT 416以将从Diameter对等体节点“A”402接收的且旨在发往Diameter对等体节点“B”404的Diameter消息路由到如由PRT/RLT 416所标识的出口Diameter MP 414。此外，由于PRT/RLT416还标识了下一跳Diameter对等节点“B”404以及在Diameter MP 414与Diameter对等体节点“B”404之间存在的出口连接ID“Conn_12”，因此可以不需在Diameter MP 414处进行后续的Diameter查找。
图5是更详细地示出了用于根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例，对Diameter消息进行路由的示例性MP的网络示意图。参照图5，Diameter对等体节点“A”402可以经由Diameter协议连接500与Diameter MP 408进行通信，Diameter协议连接500利用Diameter协议/栈路由模块502，Diameter对等体节点“B”404可以经由Diameter协议连接504与DiameterMP 414进行通信，Diameter协议连接504利用Diameter协议/栈路由模块506。根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例，Diameter MP可以经由非Diameter协议连接在DSR内进行通信。例如，Diameter MP 408和414可以分别利用非Diameter协议栈/路由模块510和512，以经由非Diameter协议连接508进行通信。
根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例，Diameter MP可以通过使用非Diameter协议来在Diameter MP之间对Diameter消息进行路由。使用非Diameter协议对Diameter消息进行路由可以由于如下方面而是有益的：减少了针对连接（例如，Diameter MP 408与414之间的连接508）所需的开销。另外，使用非Diameter协议对Diameter消息进行路由可以减少Diameter消息从Diameter对等体节点“A”402传到Diameter对等体节点“B”404所需要的Diameter栈/路由查找的次数。例如，Diameter协议栈/路由模块502可以用于由Diameter MP 408从Diameter对等体节点“A”402接收的且旨在发往Diameter对等体节点“B”404的Diameter消息。Diameter栈/路由模块502可以识别下一跳Diameter对等体节点“B”404，并且还可以识别用于在DSR 406中传播消息的非Diameter协议路线。Diameter MP 408和414可以利用非Diameter协议栈路由模块510和512以通过非Diameter协议连接508将消息从Diameter MP 408路由到Diameter MP 414。此外，由于Diameter协议栈/路由模块502已经识别了Diameter对等体节点“B”404以及用于在DSR 406中传播消息的非Diameter协议路线，所以DiameterMP 414可以利用非Diameter协议栈/路由模块506以将消息路由到Diameter对等体节点“B”404，由此减少Diameter查找的总体次数。
使用非Diameter协议对Diameter消息进行路由可以使得Diameter对等体节点402和404能够根据Diameter协议经由DSR 406进行通信，而同时有助于DSR 406内的通信，而没有与Diameter连接的建立相关联的开销。
非Diameter协议栈/路由模块510可以在接收的消息中插入Diameter消息处理器标识符与Diameter连接标识符或者将这些标识符添加到消息中，然后将消息发送到Diameter消息处理器414。非Diameter协议栈/路由模块512可以接收消息，检查消息处理器标识符与连接标识符，确定出站Diameter路线查找是不需要的并确定消息应当经由在消息中标识的连接转发到下一跳Diameter节点414。在一个实施例中，所利用的非Diameter协议可以包括处理器间消息格式，后者包括原始Diameter PDU以及用于进行MP间路由的标签。图6是示出了用于根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例，使用非Diameter协议对Diameter消息进行路由的示例性MP间消息的网络示意图。参照图6，DSR 406可以包括Diameter MP 408和414。根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例，Diameter MP 408可以从外部Diameter对等体节点接收Diameter消息600。Diameter MP 408可以利用在PRT 416中存储的路由信息以确定Diameter消息旨在发往与Diameter MP414具有Diameter连接的Diameter对等体节点。Diameter MP 408可以生成非Diameter协议消息602，后者包括Diameter消息600的至少一部分604。在一个实施例中，非Diameter协议消息602可以封装Diameter消息600。非Diameter协议消息602可以包括MP间路由标签606。MP间路由标签606可以包括：例如与下一跳Diameter对等体节点具有Diameter连接的DiameterMP的标识/地址、和/或标识Diameter MP与下一跳Diameter对等体节点之间的用于消息的Diameter连接的信息。在所示出的例子中，非Diameter协议消息602包括的MP间路由标签606标识了Diameter MP 414以及Diameter MP 414与下一跳Diameter对等体节点之间的连接608。
根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例，Diameter MP 408可以将非Diameter协议消息602路由到另一Diameter MP。例如，Diameter MP 408可以将非Diameter协议消息602路由到Diameter MP 414。Diameter MP 408可以将MP间路由标签606插入到或添加到Diameter消息600或者消息部分604中，然后将消息转发给Diameter MP 414。在一个实施例中，DiameterMP 414可以确定非Diameter协议消息602是来自DSR 406内的DiameterMP的。例如，Diameter MP 414可以通过检测MP间路由标签606的存在情况来确定非Diameter协议消息602是来自DSR 406内的Diameter MP的，或者Diameter MP 414可以基于在其上接收到非Diameter协议消息602的接口来确定非Diameter协议消息602是来自DSR 406内的Diameter MP的。Diameter MP 414可以利用MP间路由标签606以将原始Diameter消息600或其一部分路由到外部Diameter对等体节点。例如，Diameter MP 414可以生成第二Diameter消息610。Diameter消息610可以包含Diameter消息600的至少一部分604。Diameter MP 414可以经由连接608将Diameter消息610转发给外部Diameter对等体节点。
图7是示出了根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例，对Diameter消息进行路由的消息流程图。参照图7，在步骤1处，Diameter对等体节点“A”402可以根据Diameter协议向Diameter对等体节点“B”404发送请求消息。包括Diameter MP 408与Diameter MP 414的DSR 406可以为Diameter对等体节点“A”402与Diameter对等体节点“B”404之间存在的通信路径提供服务。Diameter MP 408可以接收来自Diameter对等体节点A 402的Diameter请求消息，并生成包括所接收的Diameter请求消息中的至少一部分的非Diameter协议消息。在步骤2处，Diameter MP 408可以路由其生成的非Diameter协议消息到Diameter MP 414。Diameter MP 414可以生成包括第一Diameter消息中的至少一部分的第二Diameter消息。在步骤3处，Diameter MP 414可以向Diameter对等体节点“B”404转发第二Diameter消息。
图8与9示出了可以存储在对等体路由表与关联路线清单表中的示例性数据，根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例，对等体路由表与关联路线清单表可以由DSR内的Diameter消息处理器用于对消息处理器间的Diameter信令消息进行路由。参照图8，对等体路由表800包括多个字段用以对Diameter信令消息进行路由。例如，查找可以基于在消息中存储的目的地主机、目的地域、应用标识符、源主机以及源域参数的组合来在入口消息处理器处执行的。应当注意，这些参数中的部分或全部可以在执行路线查找时使用。如果在路线表中查找的结果与条目中的一个条目匹配，那么将路线表中的动作字段用以确定要针对消息执行的动作。对等体路由表中的路线清单字段用以确定用以在路线清单表中执行查找的路线清单标识符。参照图9，路线清单表900包括可以经由从对等体路由表中确定的路线清单标识符访问的条目。从对等体路由表中确定的路线清单标识符可以匹配路线清单表900中的多个条目。优先级、权重与路线状态可以用以标识特定消息将采用的路线。例如，如果针对消息确定的路线清单是“BLUE_NW”，那么所选择的路线名字可以是“BLUE_PEER1”、“BLUE_PEER2”或“BLUE_PEER3”，这取决于消息的优先级、路线的状态以及向该特定路线分配的权重。
出口消息处理器标识符字段包含用以生成MP间状态标签的数据，MP间状态标签是在向出口消息处理器发送消息前添加到消息中的。表中的出口连接标识符字段还添加到MP间路由标签中，并由出口消息处理器用以识别出口Diameter连接。
图10示出了列出与根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例，对Diameter消息进行路由相关联的益处的表。参照图10，表1000以图形将Diameter和非Diameter消息处理器（MP）到MP协议的使用进行比较和对比。Diameter和非Diameter MP到MP协议都是基于以太网/IP的。虽然Diameter和非Diameter MP到MP协议两者都是可靠的并且是面向连接的，但是对非Diameter MP到MP协议的使用不限于流控制传输协议（SCTP）或传输控制协议（TCP）。Diameter协议经由诸如与高开销相关联的因特网协议安全性（IPSEC）和传输层安全性（TLS）之类的基于标准的安全性协议提供安全性。相比而言，非Diameter MP到MP协议安全性是经由闭合/私有网络来提供的，且与低开销相关联。Diameter协议消息内容限于Diameter标准协议数据单元（PDU）格式。相比而言，非Diameter MP到MP协议可以包括Diameter标准PDU，且还可以包括额外的专有字段以用于最小化整个入口-出口路径上的处理开销、应对误差情况以及管理服务中的升级。Diameter协议采用一种路由策略，该路由策略在与高开销相关联的每个MP处采用Diameter路由，并且主要依赖于静态路由规则，该静态路由规则在出口路径不可用时导致不断的消息跃变。相比而言，非DiameterMP到MP协议采用一种路由策略，在该路由策略中通过使用专有消息内容将路由优化成最小化整个入口到出口路径上的开销（例如，通过避免出口节点执行另一Diameter路径查找的必要性），并且以专有MP间状态共享对静态路由规则进行补充以选择“可用的”出口路径。
图11是示出了用于根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例，对Diameter消息进行路由的示例性过程的流程图。参照图11，在步骤1100处，第一Diameter MP经由第一Diameter连接接收来自第一Diameter节点的Diameter消息。例如，DSR内的入口消息处理器可以在Diameter连接上从入口消息处理器的Diameter对等体接收消息。在步骤1102处，第一DiameterMP确定针对Diameter消息的下一跳Diameter节点。例如，第一Diameter消息处理器可以在共享式或非共享式对等体路由表中执行查找以确定外部的下一跳Diameter节点以及DSR内用以达到下一跳Diameter节点的Diameter消息处理器。在步骤1104处，第一Diameter MP向第二Diameter MP传送Diameter消息。例如，第一MP可以将MP间状态标签添加到第一Diameter消息中，并将此具有标签的消息转发到出口Diameter MP。在步骤1106处，第二Diameter MP经由第二Diameter连接向下一跳Diameter节点传送Diameter消息。例如，第二Diameter MP可以使用MP间状态标签中的信息以将消息识别成是去往出口MP的，识别成不需要其它的路线查找，以及识别去往对等体的出站Diameter连接。
图12是示出了根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例、包括DSR的示例性网络的网络示意图，从不同的Diameter对等体节点的角度来看，该DSR表现为具有不同的Diameter标识。参照图12，网络1200可以包括Diameter对等体节点“A”1202和Diameter对等体节点“B”1204。网络1200还可以包括DSR 1206。根据本文描述的本发明主题的一个实施例，DSR 1206可以对第一Diameter对等体节点表现为具有第一Diameter标识的第一Diameter节点，并对第二Diameter对等体节点表现为具有与第一Diameter标识不同的第二Diameter标识的第二Diameter节点。例如，DSR1206可以对Diameter对等体节点“A”1202表现为具有Diameter标识“X”的第一Diameter节点，并对Diameter对等体节点“B”1204表现为具有Diameter标识“Y”的第二Diameter节点。
将会理解，在不脱离本文描述的本发明主题的保护范围的基础上，可以改变本文描述的本发明主题的各种细节。此外，前面的描述仅是为了例示说明如由在后给出的权利要求书所限定的本文描述的本发明主题，而不是要对其做出限制。

Claims (20)

1.一种用于对Diameter消息进行路由的方法，该方法包括：
在包括多个Diameter消息处理器的Diameter信令路由器DSR处：
由所述多个Diameter消息处理器中的第一Diameter消息处理器从第一Diameter节点接收Diameter消息，其中，所述Diameter消息是经由第一Diameter连接来接收的；
由所述第一Diameter消息处理器确定针对所述Diameter消息的下一跳Diameter节点；
由所述第一Diameter消息处理器向所述多个Diameter消息处理器中的第二Diameter消息处理器传送所述Diameter消息；以及
由所述第二Diameter消息处理器向所述下一跳Diameter节点传送所述Diameter消息，其中，所述Diameter消息是经由第二Diameter连接来传送的，其中所述第一Diameter消息处理器在向所述第二Diameter消息处理器发送所述Diameter消息之前将消息处理器间路由标签标识符添加到所述Diameter消息中，并且其中所述第二Diameter消息处理器使用消息处理器间路由标签，以将所述Diameter消息识别成是去往所述第二Diameter消息处理器的并且识别成不需要其它的Diameter路由查找。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述第二Diameter消息处理器配置为基于所述第一Diameter消息处理器做出的确定结果传送所述Diameter消息。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述第一Diameter节点和所述下一跳Diameter节点分别是所述第一Diameter消息处理器和所述第二Diameter消息处理器的对等体，并通过使用所述第一Diameter连接和所述第二Diameter连接分别将所述第一Diameter消息处理器和第二Diameter消息处理器连接到所述第一Diameter节点和所述下一跳Diameter节点。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述第一Diameter消息处理器和所述第二Diameter消息处理器没有经由Diameter连接相互连接。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述第一Diameter消息处理器和所述第二Diameter消息处理器共享或访问公共Diameter对等体路由表。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法，所述第一Diameter消息处理器和所述第二Diameter消息处理器中的每一者都包括对等体路由表。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述第一Diameter消息处理器对所述第一Diameter节点表现为具有第一Diameter标识，所述第二Diameter消息处理器对所述下一跳Diameter节点表现为具有第二Diameter标识，所述第一Diameter标识与所述第二Diameter标识互不相同。
8.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述第一Diameter消息处理器和所述第二Diameter消息处理器对所述第一Diameter节点和所述下一跳Diameter节点表现为具有单个Diameter标识的单个Diameter节点，所述单个Diameter标识与所述DSR相关联。
9.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述多个Diameter消息处理器中的所述第一Diameter消息处理器和所述第二Diameter消息处理器中的至少一者包括如下中的一者：
分布式计算平台的不同消息处理模块；
基于刀片的分布式计算平台的计算刀片；
与单核计算设备或多核计算设备相关联的处理核心单元；以及
实例化在单物理消息处理/计算设备上的虚拟节点。
10.一种用于对Diameter消息进行路由的系统，该系统包括：
Diameter信令路由器DSR，其包括：
第一Diameter消息处理器和第二Diameter消息处理器，其中，所述第一Diameter消息处理器配置为：
经由第一Diameter连接从所述第一Diameter节点接收Diameter消息；
确定针对所述Diameter消息的下一跳Diameter节点；以及
向所述第二Diameter消息处理器传送所述Diameter消息，其中，所述第二Diameter消息处理器配置为经由第二Diameter连接向所述下一跳Diameter节点传送所述Diameter消息，其中所述第一Diameter消息处理器在向所述第二Diameter消息处理器发送所述Diameter消息之前将消息处理器间路由标签标识符添加到所述Diameter消息中，并且其中所述第二Diameter消息处理器使用消息处理器间路由标签，以将所述Diameter消息识别成是去往所述第二Diameter消息处理器的并且识别成不需要其它的Diameter路由查找。
11.如权利要求10所述的系统，其中，所述第二Diameter消息处理器配置为基于所述第一Diameter消息处理器做出的确定结果传送所述Diameter消息。
12.如权利要求10所述的系统，其中，所述第一Diameter节点和所述下一跳Diameter节点分别是所述第一Diameter消息处理器和所述第二Diameter消息处理器的对等体，并通过使用所述第一Diameter连接和所述第二Diameter连接分别将所述第一Diameter消息处理器和第二Diameter消息处理器连接到所述第一Diameter节点和所述下一跳Diameter节点。
13.如权利要求10所述的系统，其中，所述第一Diameter消息处理器和所述第二Diameter消息处理器没有经由Diameter连接相互连接。
14.如权利要求10所述的系统，其中，所述第一Diameter消息处理器和所述第二Diameter消息处理器共享或访问公共Diameter对等体路由表。
15.如权利要求10所述的系统，所述第一Diameter消息处理器和所述第二Diameter消息处理器中的每一者都包括对等体路由表。
16.如权利要求10所述的系统，其中，所述第一Diameter消息处理器对所述第一Diameter节点表现为具有第一Diameter标识，所述第二Diameter消息处理器对所述下一跳Diameter节点表现为具有第二Diameter标识，所述第一Diameter标识与所述第二Diameter标识互不相同。
17.如权利要求10所述的系统，其中，所述第一Diameter消息处理器和所述第二Diameter消息处理器对所述第一Diameter节点和所述下一跳Diameter节点表现为具有单个Diameter标识的单个Diameter节点，所述单个Diameter标识与所述DSR相关联。
18.如权利要求10所述的系统，其中，所述第一Diameter消息处理器和所述第二Diameter消息处理器中的至少一者包括如下中的一者：
分布式计算平台的不同消息处理模块；
基于刀片的分布式计算平台的计算刀片；
与单核计算设备或多核计算设备相关联的处理核心单元；以及
实例化在单物理消息处理/计算设备上的虚拟节点。
19.一种用于对Diameter消息进行路由的系统，该系统包括：
第一Diameter节点；
第二Diameter节点；以及
Diameter信令路由器DSR，其中，所述DSR对所述第一Diameter节点表现为具有第一Diameter标识的第一Diameter对等体，所述DSR对所述第二Diameter节点表现为具有第二Diameter标识的第二Diameter对等体，所述第二Diameter标识和所述第一Diameter标识不相同，其中所述DSR包括第一Diameter消息处理器和第二Diameter消息处理器，其中所述第一Diameter消息处理器在向所述第二Diameter消息处理器发送所述Diameter消息之前将消息处理器间路由标签标识符添加到所述Diameter消息中，并且其中所述第二Diameter消息处理器使用消息处理器间路由标签，以将所述Diameter消息识别成是去往所述第二Diameter消息处理器的并且识别成不需要其它的Diameter路由查找。
20.一种用于路由Diameter消息的设备，包括：
在包括多个Diameter消息处理器的Diameter信令路由器DSR处：
用于由所述多个Diameter消息处理器中的第一Diameter消息处理器从第一Diameter节点接收Diameter消息的装置，其中，所述Diameter消息是经由第一Diameter连接来接收的；
用于由所述第一Diameter消息处理器确定针对所述Diameter消息的下一跳Diameter节点的装置；
用于由所述第一Diameter消息处理器向所述多个Diameter消息处理器中的第二Diameter消息处理器传送所述Diameter消息的装置；以及
用于由所述第二Diameter消息处理器向所述下一跳Diameter节点传送所述Diameter消息的装置，其中，所述Diameter消息是经由第二Diameter连接来传送的，其中所述第一Diameter消息处理器在向所述第二Diameter消息处理器发送所述Diameter消息之前将消息处理器间路由标签标识符添加到所述Diameter消息中，并且其中所述第二Diameter消息处理器使用消息处理器间路由标签，以将所述Diameter消息识别成是去往所述第二Diameter消息处理器的并且识别成不需要其它的Diameter路由查找。
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